Cctv newsRecently, on social media and some new media platforms, people often find that every time some users publish ordinary content, the number of views or likes they get can easily exceed one million, ten million or even hundreds of millions. So, how true are these figures?

　　Not long ago, Weibo, a video promoting a new song released by an artist user, received more than 100 million reposts. At present, the total number of users in Weibo, China is 337 million, which is equivalent to one in every three users in Weibo who forwarded this content.

　　journalist: How is this data defined?

　　Cao Yongshou, president of a data company in BeijingThat is, it was not painted by a real person, but by a machine (using software) manually.

　　According to Mr. Cao’s prompt, the reporter entered the name of Sina Weibo on an e-commerce platform, and the system gave priority to a large number of business options to help users increase fans or increase data. These so-called merchants recommended packages with different needs to reporters. Basically, for 10 yuan, you can buy 400 fans, or you can forward them to Weibo for 100 times. Can also be based on demand, to achieve the degree of fan activity and regional authenticity of the special customization.

　　In order to convince reporters that the data revision is true and effective, the seller claims that many artists and online celebrity have come to buy from them and have a long-term cooperative relationship with them. When the reporter tried to ask the specific artist’s name, the seller said it was inconvenient to disclose relevant information to the reporter.

　　The reporter also searched in the search engine with "traffic" as the key word, and found that 23 of the top 100 results were third-party software and platforms related to brushing traffic, providing brushing services covering almost all popular platforms. The reporter tried to download one of the softwares with the functions of "creating fans" and "creating forwarding", and filled a Weibo account that had not been updated recently into the designated location, and paid 11.92 yuan for enough points by scanning the code, and entered the target values of 500 fans and 300 forwarding times respectively. After a few minutes of operation, I found that followers with the same name were constantly pouring into the account. Similarly, a Weibo published a few days ago will be immediately forwarded by unknown users. The operation results can achieve data tampering according to the number of users’ wishes.

　　In the chat group of WeChat and Weibo, the reporter also found a lot of information about openly recruiting so-called likes. The reporter applied to join one of the chat groups as a candidate, and the administrator named "cash cow for receiving teachers" simply asked the reporter’s age and available time, and sent a job request to the reporter — — Add attention and praise to the designated customer’s Tik Tok account, and you can get a reward ranging from 1-3 yuan if you complete it. There is no upper limit on the workload per day, and wages can also be settled on the same day.

　　Cao Yongshou, president of a data company in BeijingThe water army has several characteristics. One is that you will find that the contents made by the water army are almost the same. The second is that many naval forces are online in the early hours of the morning. Do you think this is normal? If there are 10,000 fans, each person has registered 10 white numbers, and each white number sends 100 messages or messages every day, that is 100,000 times 100, and one thousand (ten thousand) can be reached in one day. In fact, it is only 10,000 people.

　　"Fans" irrational idolize boosts the proliferation of fake data

　　When data fraud becomes easy, it is inevitable to be abused. Fans who are keen on talent shows and crazy about idolize have hired the Water Army to brush the list of idols they support, and artists’ agencies and some new media platforms have also taken a fancy to the business opportunities, adding fuel to the fire behind them.

　　In order to concentrate on supporting common idols, the Star Weibo Data Station, which was set up spontaneously by fans or arranged by brokerage companies, came into being. According to Xiao Yu, a student who once participated in the list-making at the data station, personal forwarding artist Weibo can only be regarded as a daily check-in task. It has long been a common practice among fans to spend money on data for rapid increment.

　　In order to save manpower and time, fans will also share mobile phone applications that provide automatic list brushing function, enter their homepage and choose their favorite stars. No matter the date of list playing or the copy, all fans need to do is pay.

　　Breaking the myth of traffic and attracting people with works

　　For the inflated data, experts say that data fraud not only damages the basic principle of honesty between people, but also makes the performing arts market fall into a vicious circle of not paying attention to quality but only traffic.

　　Internet expert Wu Chunyong: Traffic fraud basically violates the principle of honesty. Its essence is actually to pursue the maximization of its own interests. Take different ways to brush according to the so-called demand. Such an unhealthy industrial chain and ecological chain gradually formed.

　　When data fraud becomes an industry, everyone involved in it contributes to the continuous spread of fraud more or less because of their own profits.

Professor Zhou Xing, School of Art and Media, Beijing Normal University

　　Professor Zhou Xing, School of Art and Media, Beijing Normal UniversityThe eyeball economy is a phenomenon that is hard to avoid in this era. When we communicate with stars or brokers in the industry, they certainly have a reasonable reason. When the star traffic is large, his exposure rate will be more concerned by advertisers. It is inevitable that fans will be encouraged to create traffic in clusters. But there is also a very important problem that media organizations also need interests, and when they find it easier to appeal to this emotion, they will attract attention. Creating traffic stars must be the result of the joint efforts of the three.

　　In this regard, experts called for, on the one hand, in addition to the market and relevant departments to increase supervision, fan groups, performing arts markets and platforms all need to reflect. If we only pursue immediate interests and give up creating truly valuable and quality works of art, the so-called traffic data will be nothing more than a passing cloud.

　　Professor Zhou Xing, School of Art and Media, Beijing Normal UniversityBecause it is fleeting, network communication will soon be out of sight. Young people grow up, and soon there will be new hot spots (appearing). Of course, there must be policies to curb these manufacturing institutions. Besides, it is necessary to have a positive tool of propaganda and public opinion to pay attention to the good things that are truly exemplary people, the backbone of our society, and firmly promote the development of our social economy and culture, and let young people accept them and make them become a model that is really not short-term but long-term. I think this is the important thing.

　　Qingdao, January 2 (Reporter Wang Wei) China’s new generation of marine comprehensive scientific research ship "Science" returned to Qingdao’s home port this morning (2 nd) after completing the 2016 tropical western Pacific comprehensive investigation voyage.

　　This voyage successfully maintained and upgraded China’s western Pacific submarine observation network, and successfully realized the real-time transmission of deep-sea observation data for the first time. Scientists can grasp the dynamic state of the ocean in real time in the office, changing the previous situation that submarine observation data can only be recovered once a year, and successfully cracked this world-class ocean observation problem.

　　This voyage lasted for 54 days, with a voyage of more than 7,800 nautical miles. Eleven sets of deep-sea submersibles and more than 300 pieces of observation equipment deployed in this sea area in 2015 were successfully recovered, and 14 sets of deep-sea submersibles and more than 440 pieces of observation equipment were redeployed, once again setting a new world record for the largest number of observation equipment deployed and recovered in a single voyage.

　　Researcher Wang Fan, the project leader, secretary of the Party Committee and deputy director of the Institute of Oceanography of China Academy of Sciences, said that in 2016, the project organized the Institute of Oceanography and the Institute of Acoustics of China Academy of Sciences and other units to jointly carry out the technical research on real-time transmission of deep-sea submarine data, and developed two schemes of wireless underwater acoustic communication and wired data transmission, which can collect deep-sea observation data in real time and transmit them back to the shore-based office via satellite. In this voyage, the above two schemes have been successfully implemented. Real-time transmission of data will accelerate the improvement of China’s marine operational forecasting system and the output of scientific research results, and will certainly improve China’s marine environment and climate forecasting ability.

　　"We have established a young and promising scientific research team. Through the statistical analysis of the big data of voyage surveys in the past three years, we have quantitatively evaluated various engineering and technical indicators to guide the scientific planning of voyages, the optimal design of submarine targets and the reasonable arrangement of operations, and establish a set of effective scientific workflows for the construction and maintenance of observation networks, which will provide a demonstration for the construction of ocean observation networks in China." Wang Fan introduced.

　　According to reports, the 2016 comprehensive expedition voyage to the western Pacific Ocean is a part of the strategic pilot science and technology project "Material and Energy Exchange in Tropical Western Pacific Ocean System and Its Impact" of China Academy of Sciences. The survey content has achieved full coverage of multi-disciplines, multi-scales and multi-layers, with more emphasis on the observation of the ocean at a depth of 1,000 meters, and more emphasis on the fine observation of the whole water layer mixed with small-scale turbulence in the ocean, so as to fully serve the national strategy of going deep into the sea. Through the maintenance and optimization of observation network equipment, the vertical resolution of ocean current observation in the upper ocean has reached 8 meters, the vertical resolution of ocean current and temperature observation in the deep ocean has reached 500 meters, and the time resolution of all observation elements has reached 1 hour.

　　After more than three years of independent construction by Chinese scientists, the submarine observation network of the western Pacific successfully obtained the data of temperature, salinity and ocean current in the representative sea area of the tropical western Pacific for 2-3 years, which will provide valuable data for Chinese scientists to explore and study the three-dimensional structure of the tropical western Pacific circulation, the variation of warm pool and its impact on climate change in China. With the continuous accumulation of observation network data year by year, the supporting role for scientists to study and interpret the deep ocean will increase exponentially.

　　The Double Ninth Festival in Sihui City "Zhenxian Birthday"

　　Time: October 7, 2019

　　2019 Guangdong Dragon and Lion Championship

　　Time: July

　　2019 Guangdong Billiards Championship

　　Time: September

　　2019 National Rowing Championships

　　Time: September 8, 2019—September 13, 2019.

Original HGFI Hainan Green Finance Research Institute included in the collection #ESG data 1 #ESG indicator 1 #ESG disclosure 1 # rating company 1 # investment decision 1.

Wen | Ji Yufei

Words in this article: 7222 words

Reading time: 15 minutes

catalogue

First, there is a huge difference in ESG rating between domestic and foreign rating companies.

(1) ESG ratings of international rating companies vary greatly.

(2) ESG ratings of domestic rating companies are equally different.

Second, the current data problems in ESG evaluation

(1) The original data is inconsistent.

(2) reference datum selection is arbitrary.

(3) The estimation of replacement value is uncertain.

Iii. suggestions

(1) Enterprises should continuously report comparable ESG data.

(2) Investors should promote enterprises to disclose relevant ESG indicators.

(3) The Exchange shall formulate mandatory requirements or guidelines for ESG disclosure.

(4) Data suppliers should disclose their data processing methods as much as possible.

And reach an industry consensus

In recent years, ESG rating, as the basis of value judgment to guide investors’ investment decisions, has been paid more and more attention by international investors, and domestic investors have also begun to pay attention to ESG information disclosure and rating. However, the ESG data collected by rating companies, especially the methods of data processing, are quite different, and the ESG rating results of different rating companies are also very different, which seriously affects the use of ESG rating by investors. As the most important input to support the function of ESG indicator system, the way of processing data will directly affect the scoring results of related indicators. This paper intends to do some exploration and research on the data processing in ESG evaluation.

1. There is a huge difference in ESG rating between domestic and foreign rating companies.

The rating results of ESG by different rating companies are very different at home and abroad.

(A) ESG ratings of international rating companies vary greatly.

Billio et al.(2021) studied and compared the ESG rating results of MSCI (morgan stanley capital international), Refinitiv (Luft), Sustainability Analytics (a product of Morningstar) and RobecoSAM (the data source of Dow Jones Sustainability Index [1]), and found that the average correlation between these rating results was only 0.58 (lowest 0.43, highest 0.69). The average probability of coincidence between these rating results is only 24% (minimum 19%, maximum 28%) [2], and the low correlation and low coincidence probability of rating results [3] mean that the rating results of different rating companies are very different.

The following table shows the ESG rating results of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd, Verizon Communications Inc, Oracle Bone Inscriptions Corp. and Goodman Group by four rating companies, and the differences are obvious. Among them, the rating range of Refinitiv, Sustainalytics and RobecoSAM is 0 to 100, while the rating range of MSCI is from CCC to AAA.

Scoring results of different international ESG rating companies (2021)

Source: Billio et al.(2021)

This huge rating difference will make market investors feel at a loss, and it is difficult to make investment value judgments and investment decisions.

(B) ESG ratings of domestic rating companies are equally different.

There are many domestic ESG rating companies, including Wonder, Weizhong Lanyue, Jiashi, China Securities Index, Dingli Corporate Governance, Green Business, China Securities Carbon Neutralization, Social Value Investment Alliance and so on. According to Wonder’s data, four domestic listed companies, China Resources Micro, China Petroleum, Shengli Precision and China Pharmaceutical, are randomly selected. Through comparison, we can find the differences between the ratings: Wonder gives China Resources Micro AA rating, while Weizhong only gives B rating; Social Value Investment Alliance gives China Petroleum AA- rating, while Shangdao Ronglv only gives B+ rating; Huazheng Carbon Neutralization gives Shengli Precision a ranking of 65/4040, while Harvest only gives a ranking of 3478/4569. FTSE Russell gave China Pharmaceutical a 33/76 industry ranking, while Dingli Corporate Governance only gave a 59/79 industry ranking.

Scoring results of different domestic ESG rating companies on China Resources Micro.

Source: Wonder

Scoring results of China Petroleum by different domestic ESG rating companies.

Source: Wonder

Second, the current data problems in ESG evaluation

The ESG ratings of rating companies to enterprises are very different. On the one hand, the goals and values, design principles of rating system and selection rules of indicators of rating companies are different, which leads to different rating results. On the other hand, the data problem is also an important reason for the huge difference in the results of different rating companies. Different rating companies have different channels and quality of obtaining data and different methods of processing data, which will also bring great differences in rating results.

In the current ESG rating, in terms of data acquisition and processing, there are some problems to be solved, such as poor consistency of original data, arbitrary selection of reference standards, and uncertain replacement process of lost values.

(A) the original data is highly inconsistent

The "inconsistency" here does not emphasize the difference of information sources, but emphasizes that the multi-dimensional attributes of the original data samples (such as specific wording, measurement angle, data unit and other formal attributes, as well as statistical attributes such as average, standard deviation and extreme value) are very different.

Rating companies generally collect the original ESG data from the annual sustainable development report or ESG report disclosed by enterprises every year. However, the consistency of relevant data in the annual sustainable development reports or ESG reports of different enterprises is very low. Taking the topic of "labor health and safety" as an example, Kotsantonis and Serafeim(2019) randomly selected the sustainable development reports of 50 large listed companies in Fortune 500 (Fortune 500), and collected the information manually by the author. The indicators used to describe the topic of "labor health and safety" are as follows: lost time (frequency), lost time (accident rate per 100 people, 5,000 people, and 200,000 people), injuries that lead to lost time, accident rate, accidents that require vacations, days lost due to injuries, financial losses due to accidents, injuries that lead to more than one day lost, injury rate, and days lost rate. Time loss of less than 61 days caused by occupational illness or injury, time lost (serious accident rate), number of accidents, number of accidents without time loss, number of lost working days, number of serious accidents, injury rate per 200,000 hours of work, reduction of working days caused by work-related injuries, claimed time lost, time lost, number of accidents of occupational diseases, occupational illness rate, occupational illness rate and occupational disease rate.

Faced with such diverse data forms, it is difficult to determine which indicator is the best indicator to measure the performance of enterprises on the topic of "labor health and safety". Moreover, the units of these indicators are not the same, including no units, ratios, percentages and other different units. Most importantly, the statistical distribution characteristics (mean, standard deviation, extreme value, etc.) of different indicators are obviously different, which makes it very difficult to compare and integrate data across indicators [4].

The real problem is that when enterprises disclose the performance of a certain topic, they often only choose the most favorable indicators for their own enterprises to disclose. Rating companies (data providers) can’t obtain multiple indicators for the same enterprise, but in the face of various indicators provided by many enterprises, each rating company (data provider) has its own processing methods, and the inconsistency of the original data disclosed by each enterprise ultimately lies in the differences in the integration process of the original data of each rating company. The core problem here is that there is the data of the enterprise before the rating standard, and the defects of the data itself will naturally be left in the rating results [5].

(B) reference benchmark selection is arbitrary.

Even if there is no difference in the original data, different ESG rating companies have different scores on the same performance of the same enterprise. One of the important reasons is that the selection of scoring reference benchmarks is very arbitrary. Setting up different "reference benchmarks", that is, double standards or flexible standards, is an effective means to systematically change the scoring results for the same (same type) enterprise.

Rating companies can choose to evaluate all enterprises under a unified reference standard; Enterprises can also be classified according to the characteristics of industry and country, and multiple parallel reference benchmarks can be set up, and only enterprises belonging to the same subclass can be evaluated under their corresponding reference benchmarks.

Using a unified reference frame, the scoring results are comparable across industries, but the scoring results inevitably produce industry bias. Taking environmental issues as an example, the performance of the oil and gas industry will naturally be lower than that of commercial banks. If only some enterprises are evaluated under the same reference standard, the industry deviation of the scoring results is small, but the cross-industry comparability of the scoring results is correspondingly weakened. Worse than reducing cross-category comparability, the process of classifying different enterprises and selecting reference benchmarks is not transparent. Rating companies can move the relative position of the same enterprise in the distribution corresponding to different reference benchmarks by freely selecting reference benchmarks [6], thus indirectly affecting the scoring results.

In addition, how to deal with diversified enterprises will also be a problem to be solved.

(C) The estimation of replacement value is uncertain.

The range of data required for ESG evaluation is very wide. For a specific enterprise, all the original data required for rating are often not disclosed (or cannot be provided), and missing values often appear in samples. The missing value needs to be estimated and replaced by the estimated result (replacement value), and then the evaluation process continues. At present, rating companies and data providers do not have a transparent, unified and reliable methodology to estimate the replacement value of the unavailable ESG data (that is, the lost value).

The uncertainty of the estimation process of replacement value is divided into two levels: first, there are many alternative estimation methods, and the replacement values (estimation results) given by different methods are not consistent, and each company has not fully disclosed the selection of estimation methods, accordingly, investors have no way to evaluate and interpret the estimation process and rating results of each company; Second, even if each company chooses the "optimal" estimation method, the accuracy of the estimation itself is limited by the model characteristics and statistical laws. Under the circumstances that the correlation process is difficult to model, the correlation between variables is poor, the sample size is limited, and the continuity of the estimated value is low, the estimation process cannot be guaranteed to be accurate, and the rating result using the replacement value (estimation result) cannot be guaranteed to be accurate. The first level of uncertainty comes from the disclosure choices of rating companies and data providers (that is, the estimation process is not transparent and unified), and the second level of uncertainty comes from the estimation method itself (that is, the estimation process is not reliable enough). At present, the estimation methods of replacement value (replacement method) include rule-based replacement method, input-output model replacement method, statistical replacement method and so on, and the scenarios in which these estimation methods can operate reliably and effectively are very limited.

The uncertainty of rule-based substitution method comes from the process of setting rules. The accuracy of scoring results of this substitution method depends on the precise setting of rules, and the rule-makers need a lot of industry knowledge as support. Some rules will even affect the disclosure of relevant data by enterprises, further increasing the uncertainty of data acquisition. Taking the indicator of "the number of deaths in the workplace" as an example, the rating company can set a rule that "if there is no data source, the number of deaths in the workplace is assumed to be zero". According to this rule, the scoring results will be systematically superior to the actual performance of enterprises, which also encourages enterprises to refuse to disclose relevant data in disguise (especially for those small and medium-sized enterprises with high information disclosure costs).

The replacement method of input-output model is difficult to estimate the data related to social responsibility, because compared with the laws of natural science, the laws of interaction between people are more complicated and uncertain. Therefore, the input-output model is generally used to estimate the environment-related indicators of some industries, such as estimating the output variables such as carbon dioxide emissions with input variables such as coal consumption and electricity consumption. The accuracy of the input-output model replacement method depends on the extent to which the model system can reproduce the actual behavior process of the enterprise. In the estimation of environment-related indicators in some specific industries, the consumption of raw materials and related macroeconomic variables of enterprises are easy to obtain, and the use mode and output results of raw materials are also highly deterministic in objective scientific laws. When the above conditions are met, the replacement method of input-output model can give a highly accurate estimation.

Statistical replacement method generally needs regression analysis [7], and its accuracy is limited by the availability of regression prediction input variables, the correlation between regression prediction input variables and predicted values and the continuity of predicted values. The transparency of correlation prediction (regression) process is very low, and the public can’t determine to what extent the prediction methods used by rating companies and data providers meet the requirements of statistical laws.

III. Recommendations

To solve the problems of low disclosure degree and consistency of ESG data, high arbitrariness in the selection of scoring criteria and replacement value estimation methods, it needs the joint efforts of many market participants. Here are some suggestions from the perspective of enterprises, investors, exchanges and data providers, so as to better achieve the sustainable development goals through ESG rating.

(A) enterprises should continue to report comparable ESG data.

The ESG data provided by different enterprises are very different, which involves the influence and restriction of many factors such as the market, industry, management and risks faced by enterprises. Therefore, it is particularly important for individual enterprises to choose a suitable ESG disclosure standard, and continue to disclose ESG data according to this standard, so as to maximize the comparability (or consistency, that is, the unification of data forms in the time dimension) of the data. Enterprises should be strictly self-disciplined and regularly disclose ESG data and information in a fixed format (such as tabular form similar to financial statements) in accordance with relevant regulatory requirements. Enterprises need to adjust the corporate governance structure and set up a special department to manage ESG-related risks and related data disclosure.

Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and International Financial Reporting Standards Foundation (IFRS Foundation) have provided their own sustainable disclosure standards. The latter emphasizes the concerns of investors as stakeholders and uses money as a unified measure to maintain the consistency of financial statements, while the former tries to balance the concerns of wider stakeholders and give more independent recognition to the importance of different indicators. Enterprises should choose their own sustainable disclosure standards according to their own development, and qualified enterprises can also take the initiative to join higher standards of international standards to obtain international comparability.

Although the disclosure of ESG data will bring additional costs, enterprises should see that actively disclosing high-quality ESG data is an important means to attract investors and maintain their own good social image, which is beneficial to the long-term development of enterprises.

(B) Investors should promote enterprises to disclose relevant ESG indicators.

At present, although enterprises provide a large amount of ESG data and information, it is difficult for investors to make investment decisions, risk judgments or early warnings by using these incomparable data. Therefore, when investors push enterprises to disclose relevant ESG information, they should put forward clear and comparable data requirements for enterprises. For example, when an investor invests and finances an enterprise, it should be clearly stated that ESG information is also information that has a significant impact on the value of the enterprise’s securities and needs to be disclosed immediately. The enterprise should disclose ESG information together with financial information in the offer and invitation to offer and other documents (such as debt prospectus and prospectus). For enterprises that fail to fulfill their obligation to disclose ESG information, investors can also try to safeguard their own interests by legal means and promote the improvement of relevant legislation.

(3) The Exchange shall formulate mandatory requirements or guidelines for ESG disclosure.

The establishment of ESG disclosure guidelines or even mandatory requirements by the exchange can enhance the transparency of related behaviors of enterprises and help enterprises maintain good investor relations. From the practice of various exchanges, the requirements for ESG information disclosure of listed companies have become higher and higher.

In 2012, HKEx issued the ESG Report Guidelines as a voluntary disclosure proposal for listed companies. From 2016, some suggestions will be raised to the level of semi-mandatory disclosure, and the "explain without disclosure" rule will be implemented. In May 2019, HKEx issued a consultation document on the revised ESG Reporting Guidelines, and in December of the same year, the contents of the new ESG Reporting Guidelines were determined, further expanding the scope of mandatory disclosure, comprehensively adjusting the disclosure proposal to "explain without disclosure" and continuously improving the requirements for ESG information disclosure of listed companies.

China Securities Regulatory Commission has also begun to require listed companies to disclose ESG information, but it is still in its infancy. In February, 2021, CSRC issued the Guidelines on Investor Relations Management of Listed Companies (Draft for Comment), requiring the inclusion of environmental protection, social responsibility and corporate governance (ESG) information. In June, 2021, CSRC issued Contents and Format of Annual Report and Contents and Format of Semi-annual Report, adding Section V Environmental and Social Responsibility. In April, 2022, China Securities Regulatory Commission issued "Guidelines for the Management of Investor Relations in Listed Companies", which took environmental, social and governance (ESG) information as one of the contents of communication between listed companies and investors. However, there is still a lack of normative and consistent guidance for specific operations. It is suggested to formulate specific rules in these aspects and put forward requirements for disclosing specific data. The disclosure requirements of ESG data by external constraints of companies such as exchanges and investors can fundamentally solve the problems of high inconsistency of original data and high probability of missing values, thus avoiding the problem of "data comes first, standards come first".

(4) Data suppliers should disclose their data processing methods as much as possible and reach an industry consensus.

At present, the scoring methodology of ESG data providers at home and abroad is very opaque, so it is not enough to provide a list of important topics. Data providers need to describe in more detail how they define the benchmark of statistical comparison and how to deal with the key process of building rating indicators such as real data and substitute data, otherwise, the credibility of relevant ratings will be impossible for all stakeholders. On this basis, data providers should fully communicate and reach as broad a methodological consensus as possible in practice (such as reaching a consensus on the selection of reference benchmarks and replacement value estimation methods), thus reducing the randomness of ESG rating results and enhancing the readability of rating results.

Although the disclosure of data processing methods is beneficial to all stakeholders, it is not in the self-interest of data providers, and data processing methods will not be disclosed voluntarily. Data processing method is the core knowledge of data suppliers. Once it is made public, competitors in the market can quickly master it, and the market value of its data will also decline rapidly. Therefore, in order to ensure full competition and information disclosure in the data supply market, all stakeholders should support the establishment of more data suppliers who are willing to disclose their data processing methods to join the market competition. The highly transparent data processing methods respond to the demands of all stakeholders, so they are also highly competitive in the data supply market. Finally, through the full competition in the data supply market, existing data suppliers are forced to disclose their data processing methods more.

Data providers usually collect ESG information required for rating periodically every year, and the specific methods include: company questionnaire; Analyze company documents (such as sustainable development report); Interview individuals, company employees and other stakeholders (such as trade unions, NGOs, etc.); Use Natural Language Processing (a branch of artificial intelligence and linguistics) and other artificial intelligence technologies to mine unstructured data (such as TruValue Labs). By 2018, more than 100 organizations are collecting and analyzing ESG data and providing ESG ratings [8].

Data providers use the collected data to construct various indicators and sell their indicator data, although their methodology of how to construct indicators using raw data is not transparent to the public. In addition, many organizations use the secondary data [9] provided by ESG data providers to build their own ratings and rankings, and provide comprehensive index [10] solutions. Bloomberg and Thomson Reuters (Thomson Reuters) are the mainstream ESG data platforms used by these organizations, which often include other broader financial information such as securities prices.

It can be seen that data suppliers should ensure the transparency and reliability of data collection and processing, which is also a key prerequisite for ESG rating companies to accurately evaluate the relevant performance of enterprises.

Quote footnote:

[1] Some organizations that use enterprise questionnaires to collect ESG data do not sell their own data. RobecoSAM is a sustainable investment asset management company, managing assets worth $120 billion (in 2018), and inviting more than 3,400 companies to fill out questionnaires every year. These ESG data are used as the basis for investment decisions within the company and used to construct the Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI). CDP (formerly known as Carbon Disclosure Project), a non-governmental organization, also collected data related to environmental risks of about 6,400 companies through questionnaires. The design of the questionnaires referred to the framework of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD).

[2] The data of the rating company comes from Refinitiv (Luft, one of the providers of financial market data and infrastructure, formerly known as the Finance and Risk Department of Thomson Reuters. After independence, Blackstone Group acquired 55% equity and Thomson Reuters acquired 45% equity. ) financial terminal Eikon/DataStream, Bloomberg financial terminal and MSCI (morgan stanley capital international) database.

[3] The correlation here can be understood as whether any two rating companies have the same rating judgment on the overall sample composed of several enterprises, such as: A rating company scores 50 points for enterprise A, 60 points for enterprise B and 70 points for enterprise C; The rating company B scores 60 points for enterprise A, 70 points for enterprise B and 80 points for enterprise C, so the ratings of the whole sample {A, B and C} by the two rating companies A and B are different, but they are highly correlated (completely related). The variable describing the difference of a rating result itself is fit or fit probability, for example, A rating company scores 50 points for enterprise A, 60 points for enterprise B and 70 points for enterprise C; If the rating company B scores 50 points for enterprise A, 70 points for enterprise B and 80 points for enterprise C, then the two rating companies A and B only give the same score for enterprise A, and the rating fit for the whole sample {A, B and C} is 33.33% or 1/3.

[4] The first two differences can be understood as differences in the formal attributes of a single point of data, and the third difference is not about the attributes of a single point of data, but about the statistical attributes of the whole sample. For example, for a certain topic (a), the samples of six companies {A, B, C, D, E, F} are scored, and three companies {A, B, C} are selected in the annual report. Suppose that the data of {A, B and C} on indicator (a1) are {100, 200 and 300} respectively, while the data of {D, E and F} on indicator (a2) are (100, 4000 and 10000) respectively, the difficulty for rating companies is how to determine {A}. This problem can be solved by statistical analysis to some extent. The solution of statistical analysis requires the following assumptions: First, indicators (a1) and (a2) can truly and accurately reflect the performance of the whole sample in topic (A) and have the same statistical distribution characteristics; Second, the sample is rich enough to restore the common true statistical distribution characteristics of (a1) and (a2) respectively through the statistical distribution characteristics of the whole sample. For example, there are 2,000 enterprises in the sample instead of six.Moreover, the (a1) statistical distribution of the 1,000 enterprises using the (a1) indicator and the (a2) statistical distribution of the 1,000 enterprises using the (a2) indicator are both normal distributions. According to statistical analysis, it can be inferred that the enterprise that ranks x% (where X is in the range of 0 to 100) among the 1,000 enterprises using the (a2) indicator is also ranked X.

[5] Similarly, there are three ways to measure Covid-19 infection: antigen, nucleic acid and antibody, and the effectiveness of products provided by companies under each category is different. Assuming that in a national screening, everyone only provides the results of one COVID-19 infection measurement method, then it is difficult for us to give equal ratings to antigen-positive, nucleic acid-positive and antibody-positive. This is because, limited by the objective laws of measurement methods, the true statistical distribution of the three measurement results is different for the same sample (the same screening population).

[6] According to the assumption at the beginning of this paragraph, there is no difference in the original data, and both rating companies of Party A and Party B have obtained all samples {A, B, C, D, E, F} and the index scores of six enterprises on a certain topic {100,200,300,700,800,900}. Both rating companies of Party A and Party B use the following rating rules. If they reach the set reference benchmark, they will be rated as excellent; if they fail to reach the set reference benchmark, they will be rated as poor. Among them, the A-rated company chooses the average value of all samples as the reference benchmark, that is, 500. Then the scores of {A, B and C} three energy enterprises failed to meet the standards, while the scores of {D, E and F} three commercial banks were all higher than the standards, and the results of rating company A for six enterprises were {inferior, inferior, inferior, excellent, excellent}. The rating company B sets the reference benchmark according to the industry average, and the rating results of the rating company B for the energy industry and the banking industry are {poor, excellent and excellent} and {poor, excellent and excellent} respectively. Give an example to illustrate the meaning of this sentence, that is, the C-rated company can choose to transfer from the reference benchmark of A-rated company to the reference benchmark of B-rated company, thus realizing that: the energy enterprises of {B} and {C} have moved from the last 50% of the overall rating distribution to the first 66% of the new internal rating distribution of the energy industry; D commercial banks have moved from the top 50% of the overall rating distribution to the bottom 33% of the new banking internal rating distribution.

[7] Both the regression replacement method and the prediction mean matching replacement method need to determine the replacement value through regression analysis. The difference is that the regression replacement method directly replaces the missing value with the prediction mean; The matching replacement rule of predicted mean replaces the missing value with the actual observed value in the sample closest to the predicted mean, which is a partial parameter method.

[8] According to the data of the Global Initiative for Sustainable Rating (GISR) GISR)2018. Some organizations providing ESG data are profit-making and some are non-profit; Some focus on topics such as climate change or human rights, while others focus on topics of all ESG categories. ESG data providers continue to improve the richness of their services, from selling data and research to providing consulting services and technical and management solutions. At the same time, ESG data providers continue to seek to expand and internationalize the number of companies in their databases.

[9] ESG data can be divided into three levels according to the degree of data processing: the original data collected by data providers can be defined as the lowest level ESG data; The original data is processed by the data provider into secondary ESG indicators (data); According to their own rating methodology, ESG rating companies finally integrate many secondary ESG index data into a tertiary ESG rating (data).

[10] For example, AMI(Access to Medicine Index) uses the data of Sustainalytics, while FTSE4Good Index Series (FTSE 4 Good Index) uses the research service of Vigeo-EIRIS.

References:

Billio, M., Costola, M., Hristova, I., Latino, C., & Pelizzon, L. (2021). Inside the ESG Ratings:(Dis) agreement and performance. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(5), 1426-1445.

Eccles, R. G., & Stroehle, J. C. (2018). Exploring social origins in the construction of ESG measures. Available at SSRN 3212685.

Kotsantonis, S., & Serafeim, G. (2019). Four things no one will tell you about ESG data. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 31(2), 50-58.

Original title: Data Problems and Suggestions of Industry Research | ｜ESG Evaluation

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　　● Installing elevators in old communities not only helps to alleviate the problem of "travel difficulties" of the elderly in the aging society, but also is a powerful measure to promote the transformation of old communities. At present, the modes of installing elevators mainly include agent leasing, self-construction by residents and investment by property rights units or collective organizations.

　　● At present, there are still various problems in practice. For example, it is difficult to get residents’ satisfaction by installing elevators. Some residents refuse to install elevators because of sharing the cost and causing inconvenience to their lives. Some residents regret after installing elevators, which leads to many community contradictions and disputes.

　　● In terms of policy design, local governments can further improve the voting rules for installing elevators within the legal framework; Formulate quantitative compensation standards according to disputed matters; According to the frequently disputed problems in the process of elevator installation and the technical problems that residents are generally concerned about, relevant action guidelines or operation manuals shall be worked out.

　　□ Trainee reporter of this newspaper Sun Tianjiao Zhang Shoukun

　　□ Our reporter Han Dandong

　　At 10 am on January 15th, 76-year-old Uncle Wang was sitting on the community promenade in Gaojiayuan Community, Chaoyang District, Beijing, chatting with his neighbors. This is the first time he went downstairs in nearly half a month.

　　The residential area where Uncle Wang lives was built in 1980s, and it is a six-story unit building with no elevator. He lives on the top floor. Because of the inconvenience of his legs and feet, he usually doesn’t go downstairs. The necessities of daily life are sent by his son who lives in the same city every few days.

　　"If only there were an elevator outside the building, it would be much more convenient to go up and down." Uncle Wang is looking forward to it.

　　Nowadays, in cities, there are more and more elderly people like Uncle Wang who are "difficult to climb the stairs" and "not free to go downstairs". According to the statistics of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other relevant departments, the number of old houses built in China from 1980 to 2000 is about 8 billion square meters, and more than 70% of the urban elderly people live in old buildings without elevators. It is estimated that the number of elevators needed to be installed in old buildings in China is more than 2 million.

　　In recent years, the national and local authorities have paid more and more attention to the elevator installation project in old residential areas. According to the official news of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, since 2019, 112,000 old urban communities have been newly started and renovated nationwide, and nearly 20,000 elevators have been installed in various places in combination with the renovation of old urban communities.

　　In terms of quantity, the gap of installing elevators in old communities is still large. However, according to a recent investigation by the reporter of the Rule of Law Daily, there are still various problems in practice. For example, it is difficult to get residents’ agreement on installing elevators. Some residents refuse to install elevators because of cost sharing and inconvenience in life, and some residents regret after installing elevators, which has led to many community contradictions and disputes.

　　Experts interviewed by the reporter agreed that it is indeed necessary to install elevator projects in old communities, but it is necessary to establish a more clear and understandable policy system and update rules to form a more perfect interest coordination mechanism.

　　Install elevators in old communities.

　　High-rise residents have received constant praise.

　　Uncle Zhang, who lives in Building 50, Tiantan Dongli, Dongcheng District, Beijing, is luckier than Uncle Wang — — The outdoor elevator has been installed in the residential unit building where he lives.

　　Uncle Zhang is over 70 years old this year, and a family of five lives on the sixth floor of Unit 4. Before the elevator was installed, everyone in the family was full of complaints about going up and down the stairs: grandson usually goes to school and wants to play with his friends, always complaining that climbing stairs is tiring and wasting time; The old couple usually buy food or take heavy things outside, and it is particularly difficult to move upstairs.

　　In 2018, the community installed outdoor elevators for units 3 and 4, which made it much more convenient for residents to swipe their cards and go upstairs and downstairs.

　　At the end of December 2021, the reporter came to the community to see that in addition to the elevators already built in Units 3 and 4, a new external elevator was being built between Units 1 and 2. A passing unit resident said, "We were envious when we saw that they had an elevator. Now we finally have it, so we don’t have to climb the stairs."

　　The reporter interviewed a number of elderly people randomly and found that after the installation of elevators in old communities, high-rise residents received constant praise.

　　In the Beili Community of Fatou, Chaoyang District, Beijing, the reporter saw that the highest floor of this old community built in the 1980s is 6 floors. In front of Building 16, four completed external elevators have been erected, and several elevators are under construction in front of Building 17.

　　On the wing of Building 17, the reporter saw Ms. Han who went downstairs for a walk. Ms. Han, 78, lives with her wife on the 4th floor, Unit 3, Building 17. Because there is no elevator, it is inconvenient to go up and down the stairs. My son once proposed to buy a house with an elevator for them, but the parents could not bear to part with the neighborhood, so they gave up.

　　"Fortunately, it is necessary to install an elevator now. For our family, it really saves time, effort and money." Ms. Han said.

　　According to Yang Qinfa, director of the Institute of Real Estate Policy and Law of East China University of Political Science and Law, the installation of elevators in old communities not only helps to alleviate the problem of travel difficulties for the elderly in an aging society, but also is a powerful measure to promote the transformation of old communities. At the same time, it is a major livelihood project to promote the installation of elevators in old residential areas. Apart from the broad market prospect of elevator industry, the installation of elevators in old residential areas can also promote the development of industrial chains related to real estate, which is also of great significance to stimulate residents’ consumption.

　　During the interview, the reporter found that the current mode of installing elevators in old communities is not exactly the same.

　　When Ms. Wang, who lives in the 6th floor, Unit 2, Building 17, an old residential area in xiaodian district, Taiyuan, Shanxi, installed the elevator in her residential area, she adopted a more traditional way of joint investment by residents. According to Ms. Wang, at that time, the government subsidized a lot of funds. The first to second floor residents did not bear the installation cost, and the expenses shared by the third to sixth floors varied according to the floor height, with a maximum of about 18,000 yuan. As the top resident, Ms. Wang contributed a total of 18,300 yuan.

　　Beijing Tiantan Dongli Building No.50 and Fatou Beili Community are different. It is understood that residents did not spend a penny when installing elevators in these two communities. After the elevators are built, residents can take the elevator card, just like taking a bus. Whoever takes the elevator will pay for it.

　　In front of the elevator in Building 50 in Dongli, Tiantan, the reporter found that non-resident visitors can also take the elevator by scanning the QR code through their mobile phones. The single price is 1.5 yuan, regardless of the floor. According to Uncle Zhang, residents in the building will get a "preferential price" after they get a card, which varies from 0.5 yuan to 0.9 yuan according to different floors. "Our family lives on the top floor, and every time we take the elevator, we have to spend 0.9 yuan. My grandson often goes back and forth after having the elevator. In fact, the cost is not small. Our family spends more than 100 yuan on the elevator every month."

　　At present, the elevators in Fatou Beili Community only support credit card use, and foreign visitors can’t ride without a card.

　　Yang Qinfa said that at present, there are three main modes of installing elevators, namely, residents’ self-construction, agent leasing and property rights units or collective organizations’ investment.

　　Yang Qinfa believes that among the three ways, the best way for residents is "agent leasing": the elevator is built by a third party, and residents in the community only need to pay a certain ride fee when using the elevator, and the maintenance fee, maintenance fee and electricity fee of the elevator are borne by the third party. This method can solve the problem of capital contribution among residents, but the difficulty lies in the will of the elevator company because of the great pressure on it. Therefore, at present, the owner’s self-financing and self-construction method is also being implemented.

　　Many problems cannot be ignored.

　　One-vote veto is controversial

　　Although the call for installing elevators is strong, the reporter randomly visited 12 old residential areas in Beijing and Tianjin and found that only three have installed elevators, and the number and proportion are still relatively small, and they have not covered all residential buildings. In addition, some residents have different troubles in the residential areas where elevators have been installed or planned.

　　Mr. Liu, a 76-year-old resident on the first floor of Unit 6, Building 16, Fatou Beili Community, said, "We are old neighbors for decades, so I agreed without any hesitation when I asked the residents about installing the elevator, but I encountered some troubles after installing the elevator."

　　Because he lives on the first floor, Mr. Liu immediately felt that the lighting in the room was affected after the elevator was built. Usually, the lighting in the living room is quite good, but even during the day after the elevator, you have to turn on the lights at home, otherwise you can’t see clearly.

　　In addition, outside the window of Mr. Liu’s kitchen is the elevator. When the elevator is designed, it extends a eaves, which is just as high as the window on the first floor. As a result, rain water will drip into Mr. Liu’s kitchen along the eaves when it rains, and the kitchen will become damp over time.

　　Ms. Wang of Taiyuan also feels that there are some problems: "The elevators in the community are installed outside the building, which takes up a lot of outdoor space, which affects the neatness, neatness and beauty of the outdoor, and therefore reduces the number of parking spaces."

　　Ms. Wang recalled that at that time, the low-rise residents in the next unit did not agree to install elevators, because it would reduce the rent and the selling price of second-hand houses. They even asked other residents to pay compensation, otherwise they would resolutely oppose it, so that everyone could not install elevators. "The residents of that unit also quarreled many times, and the neighborhood Committee could not mediate, and eventually it was not installed."

　　It is not uncommon for low-rise residents to oppose the installation of elevators. In Building 16, Beili Community, Fatou, no elevators have been installed in Units 2 and 4. The reporter learned from the residents that this was because the low-rise residents of Units 2 and 4 explicitly opposed it when soliciting the opinions of residents at that time, so they were not built at the same time.

　　It is reported that at present, the procedures for installing elevators in old residential areas in Beijing mainly refer to the Manual for Comprehensive Renovation of Old Residential Areas in Beijing issued by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in April 2020, in which the requirement for soliciting residents’ opinions is that "the intention and preliminary plan of installing elevators in existing multi-storey houses should fully listen to the opinions of all owners within the scope of the proposed installation of elevators, and be agreed by the owners whose exclusive parts account for more than two-thirds of the total construction area of the unit and more than two-thirds of the total number, and other owners have no objection".

　　This means that once residents clearly express their opposition, even if the proportion of owners who agree is up to standard, the unit still cannot be equipped with elevators.

　　Like Beijing, the "one-vote veto" system in which one person opposes the total denial of the installation of elevators in old residential areas has been "evaded" in many places through relevant regulations.

　　For example, in January, 2021, Shanghai Housing and Urban-Rural Development Management Committee and Shanghai Housing Authority jointly issued the Notice on Adjusting the Vote Proportion of Owners Adding Elevators to Existing Multi-storey Houses in this Municipality, which stipulated that applicants should fully negotiate on the intention and specific scheme of adding elevators, and solicit the opinions of all owners of the building where they are located. Owners with exclusive parts accounting for more than two-thirds of the area and more than two-thirds of the owners participated in the voting, and owners with exclusive parts accounting for more than three-quarters of the area participated in the voting.

　　The Interim Measures for the Installation of Elevators in Existing Houses in Qingdao also stipulates that if the owners fail to reach an agreement after full friendly consultation, the owners whose exclusive parts account for more than two-thirds of the area of this unit (this building) and whose number accounts for more than two-thirds will participate in the voting, and the written consent will be signed by the owners who participate in the voting for more than three-quarters of the exclusive parts and who participate in the voting.

　　According to Yang Qinfa, because the installation of elevators is a major issue related to joint ownership and management, in accordance with the provisions of Article 278 of the Civil Code, the legal voting procedures should be agreed by the owners who participate in voting for more than three-quarters of the exclusive area and more than three-quarters of the voting people. "The above regulations can obviously solve the current situation that one person’s opposition can hinder the installation of elevators."

　　However, Yang Qinfa said that there are more detailed regulations on elevator installation in various places, and at present, most of them are based on their local regulations. Whether to adopt the "one-vote veto system" on the issue of installing elevators in old communities to solicit residents’ opinions is still controversial.

　　Work together to solve difficult problems.

　　Fully protect the convenience and benefit the people.

　　In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the installation of elevators in old communities. The reporter found out that the renovation of old residential areas in the "14 th Five-Year Plan" for housing in many places involved the installation of elevators. For example, the "14 th Five-Year Plan for Urban Housing Development in Jiangsu Province" puts forward that "the shortcomings of public services such as child care, old-age care, and housekeeping should be filled, and the greening transformation and the aging transformation of existing multi-storey houses with elevators and barrier-free facilities should be encouraged"; The Tenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Urban Housing in Zhejiang Province puts forward measures such as accelerating the installation of elevators in residential buildings and vigorously improving the quality of living.

　　Yang Qinfa said that the installation of elevators in old residential areas involves different interests of residents in the community and requires a lot of coordination work; On the other hand, it involves complicated examination and approval procedures. For elevator installation enterprises, they are obviously more inclined to engage in elevator installation business in new houses with higher efficiency.

　　For the further improvement of installing elevators in old residential areas, Yang Qinfa proposed that policy design should be changed from rule-oriented to goal-oriented in the process of standardization. The service object of urban renewal is residents, so it is particularly important to establish a clear division of powers and responsibilities, standardized operating procedures, easy-to-understand policy system and renewal rules.

　　"Compared with regular policies, target-oriented policies tend to adopt the method of mobilizing governance in the specific implementation process, that is, pooling the main bodies and resources of the grassroots administrative system and community governance system as much as possible, which is conducive to promoting the efficient implementation of policies." Yang Qinfa suggested that in policy design, local governments can start from the following three aspects: to further improve the voting rules for installing elevators within the legal framework; Determine the compensation basis of relevant interests, and formulate quantitative compensation standards according to disputed matters, such as construction noise compensation; Accelerate the formulation of the code of conduct for elevator installation, and formulate relevant code of conduct or operation manual around the controversial common problems and technical problems that residents are generally concerned about in the process of elevator installation.

　　At the same time, he also noticed the problem of government responsibility boundary in the process of elevator installation. In the initial stage of urban renewal projects such as installing elevators, the government still needs to take the initiative to play its role, organize and coordinate various forces, and form a driving and demonstration. When the time is ripe, we will gradually withdraw and hand over the "right to speak" to residents, who will actively coordinate, declare and promote the project.

　　"For example, it is difficult for the owners to reach an agreement on the distribution of relevant interests through self-negotiation. The relief and compensation mechanism should be improved, such as clarifying that the examination and approval authorities include the administrative reconsideration organs of construction, planning, fire protection, housing management and other departments, and establishing a professional administrative mediation mechanism for the transformation of old communities. In addition, it is also necessary to combine local economic levels, transaction prices of second-hand houses and other factors, and formulate a unified bottom-up method for residents who benefit from the appreciation of elevator houses to compensate for the depreciation of elevator houses, and guide residents who benefit from installing elevators to compensate residents whose interests are damaged, which is in line with the principle of fairness and reduces the infringement on the legitimate rights and interests of damaged residents. " Yang Qinfa said.

　　In terms of funds, Xu Fei, a lawyer of Beijing Yinghe Law Firm, suggested that social capital should be fully introduced and a variety of funds should be used to solve the problem of financial difficulties in adding elevators. At the same time, the volume of a single elevator project will be expanded, and bidding will be conducted jointly to reduce the cost of adding a single elevator.

　　For the daily maintenance of elevators, Xu Fei believes that professional elevator maintenance units or property management companies should be introduced for custody to strengthen the daily management and maintenance of elevators.

　　Yang Qinfa also suggested that an interest coordination mechanism should be established in the process of co-governance. On the one hand, we can explore the implementation of the "divided household system" for members of community neighborhood committees, go deep into every household in the responsibility area, listen to and collect residents’ views and opinions on installing elevators, register them in categories, and reflect them to the government and enterprises for communication; On the other hand, under the leadership of the relevant authorities, the community can set up a discussion platform for renovation with the participation of neighborhood committees, construction units and residents’ self-governing organizations, so as to provide open, fair and just ways and opportunities for participants with different opinions to solve disputes.

　　"Installing an elevator is not a one-step process, and its process is complicated. In the stage of coordination of residents’ interests, project approval and publicity, elevator installation and acceptance and later operation and maintenance, in order to achieve different goals, multiple subjects need to cooperate with each other. " Yang Qinfa said.

Xinhua News Agency, Washington, May 28th Financial observation: increasing tariffs pushes up inflation and weakens US economic growth

Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Chenglin Xu Yuan

A number of investment and research institutions in the United States recently issued a research report warning that the US government’s provocation of economic and trade frictions and tariff increases will significantly push up the inflation level in the United States, weaken the momentum of economic growth, and aggravate the risks facing the global economy.

Lewis Alexander, chief American economist of Nomura Securities, said on the 28th that the tariff cost will be passed on to the price of imported goods in the United States, which in turn will push up the domestic price level in the United States. He said that if the United States imposes a 25% tariff on about $300 billion of goods exported from China to the United States, the inflation level in the United States will rise by 0.5 percentage point in the next 12 months.

A research report released by Gita Gopinath, chief economist of the International Monetary Fund, and two other economists recently said that after the United States imposed tariffs on China, the price increase of imported goods was consistent with the tariff increase, indicating that the tariff cost was basically borne by American enterprises and consumers.

According to a report released by the Federal Reserve Bank of new york, the US government recently raised the tariff on $200 billion of goods exported from China to the United States from 10% to 25%, which will increase the annual burden of an ordinary American family by $831.

Personal consumption expenditures accounts for more than 70% of the American economy. Rising prices will curb consumption and have a negative impact on economic growth. Recently, many well-known banks and consulting institutions lowered their growth forecasts for the US economy. Among them, JPMorgan Chase lowered its growth forecast for the US economy in the second quarter from 2.25% to 1%, Oxford Economic Consulting Group from 1.6% to 1.3%, and Barclays Bank from 2.2% to 2%.

In addition, continuing to impose tariffs will also damage the global economic growth prospects and market confidence. According to the research report of Morgan Stanley, an investment bank, if the United States imposes a 25% tariff on the remaining 300 billion US dollars of goods imported from China, the global economy will go into recession.

The report of the International Monetary Fund also shows that if tariffs are imposed on all trade between China and the United States, the global gross domestic product (GDP) will be reduced by about 0.3% in the short term, and half of the impact will come from the frustration of business and market confidence.

Recently, the voice of the capital market for the Fed to cut interest rates has become increasingly strong, reflecting the impact of economic and trade frictions on market confidence. Athanasios Wamwakides, foreign exchange strategist of Bank of America Merrill Lynch, believes that if the US imposes tariffs again and triggers China’s counter-measures, it will damage the US economic prospects and increase the chances of the Fed cutting interest rates.

Since the beginning of this year, affected by many factors, such as the expected slowdown in economic growth, capital market volatility, and increased uncertainty in economic and trade negotiations, the Federal Reserve has suspended the pace of raising interest rates since the end of 2015, and the federal funds rate has remained at 2.25% to 2.5%, far from the level before the 2008 financial crisis.

This means that even if the Fed chooses to support the US economy by cutting interest rates in the future, the room for cutting interest rates is not as good as before. Lyle brainerd, director of the Federal Reserve, said recently that compared with the past, the space for the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates has narrowed, and the ability to use traditional interest rate instruments to cope with the economic downturn has correspondingly weakened.

Text | Wang Zhongyang lp

I will automatically pop up the relevant entry of "Michelle J" when I search for the relevant information of "Chef Fang with a Pot in the Flower Room". I will talk about this actor who plays the female host "Fang Yibiao" later.

Last week, when our editor-in-chief ordered me to talk about Ruan Lingyu, he told me by the way that Chef Fang could also be talked about in the choice space. This online drama was compared with others when I swore last year, which meant "Look at others, look at you, look at the big Lao Li next door". At that time, Chef Fang with a pot in the flower room was defined as "a seriously underestimated online drama". Considering that the Chinese New Year is coming soon, if you want to talk about fighting, killing or ghostly things, at least you have to wait until the end of the New Year.

I read the novel "Chef Fang" first and then watched the online drama. It was many years later. At that time, when it was released in 2012, I monitored the national box office screening one night. I had nothing to do in the morning, and found a post called "Chef Fang with a pot in the flower room". At that time, I thought I would stop watching it if it wasn’t scary. Who knows, I couldn’t stop watching it and watched it directly until dawn.

The novel is not long, the plot is coherent, and the character "Fang Yibao" is also three-dimensional. The image of a charming, lovely, intelligent and upright girl comes to my eyes through the story. At that time, the criticism and praise of the novel were half, some people said it was "Xiao Qingxin" and others said it was "Xiao Bai Wen".

I have a fair evaluation of it, not amazing, but I don’t hate it.

Five years later, when the online drama of the same name was launched, I was indifferent at first, which was similar to my first impression of The Ferry of the Soul:

Looking at no coffee and no flowers, you must be embarrassed to call mom.

In addition, I still have some "fears" before watching this drama, because when Kerui’s Strange Tales of the Urban Demon was changed into an online drama, my "original powder" was greatly hit after watching it, and I vowed never to watch or change the screenwriter again, especially the online drama.

But in the end, just like The Ferry of the Soul, I was very surprised by The Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room. This online drama is not adapted to the original. Except for adding two or three auxiliary characters, it is basically loyal to the original. The most important thing is that the portrayal of the female host "Fang Yibao" and the male host "Shen Yong" in it is also very consistent with my basic impression of the novel characters.

So this drama became a work in my favorites in the following years, and it was often compared with some masterpieces by some great directors and editors. The so-called-

Jianghu has a spoonful of female names,

The food adds fragrance and smiles.

The prodigal son will never change his gold,

I don’t like red makeup, I like braised pork.

one

First words: a spoonful of stories and a spoonful of wine

I’m not very good at talking about the content of TV series, because TV series is not like movies, and a story is divided into dozens of episodes, especially the content like series is often very scattered. Movies are different. The basic framework of 90 minutes is understandable, so people often pay more attention.

Later, I watched more TV dramas, and I had some immature ideas. I wonder if I can assume that if I am a normal person, then my perception ability is relatively normal when I accept a story. Will the content that makes me feel "scattered" not be because of my IQ, but because the writer and director have some "small problems", and the result seems to be "scattered"?

Of course, if it may offend people, then continue to assume that there is something wrong with my IQ.

It’s just that no matter whether it’s "The Ferry of Soul" or "The Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room", this kind of series won’t confuse my thinking. What they have in common is that "there are only a few characters, but the story has been refurbished", and they finally achieve sublimation by constantly breaking through the barriers like monsters.

For example, the appearance of "Fang Yibiao" is a very "ordinary" appearance. She was originally a female cook who traveled the rivers and lakes alone. She opened a wonton stall somewhere and met an old rich man who was fooled by a fortune teller. The old rich man didn’t want his daughter to marry the magistrate, Shenyang, who had a famous dissolute son "Shen Yong" in the city. It can not be said that everyone loved her, but also that God hated ghosts.

So he followed the fortune-teller’s advice and went to the street to look for a substitute. He bumped into Fang Yibao. When the girl saw his haggard face, she made him a bowl of wonton, but he was grateful and knocked him unconscious and stuffed him into a sedan chair … Thus, a story of irony and "liveliness" began.

Say "ironic" because the characters are really funny. Both Shen Yong and Fang Yibao are lovely people, such as "Shen Yong". The whole city says that he is an asshole. In fact, he is in a rebellious period and can’t get his father’s approval, so he changed his tricks. As a result, he met Fang Yibao, who can beat him with a rolling pin. This girl is not an ordinary shrew, and she is illiterate. However, her cultural quality is extremely low.

Not flashy, down-to-earth, know what is good and what is bad.

This is interesting. The ancients said that "the prodigal son will never change his money", and Chef Fang just let Fang spoonful use a rolling pin to show the audience "about how I trained my naughty husband who didn’t rely on four or six". Looking at these two little guys on the screen, you chase after me. There is no kissing scene and sex scene, but it just makes people feel natural and comfortable, much like the modality of boys and girls in the lush years.

It is said that "the color is lively and fragrant" because the author Ya Ya must be a foodie. In Chef Fang, she showed dozens of different cooking methods, which made people’s forefinger move when they read the words. In the play, through various dishes, it made my mouth water.

The best thing is that I have personally practiced the tricks taught to everyone by "Fang Yi Shao", such as how to use stinky tofu and pig’s head to sandwich sesame cakes, and how to put the bottom material in noodles, which is really delicious. In my opinion, this benefits me more than the story itself, and it is much more reliable than the "Twenty-four Bridges and Moonlit Night" by Mr. Jin Yong.

Of course, I don’t want to blow the whistle on "Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room", because it does have some shortcomings, such as the language of the characters is too modern, and the clothes are a little confusing. You can’t tell which dynasty these people lived in, although the story itself is an overhead history. But this is an unavoidable injury in this play.

There’s another problem—

After all, the Cinderella whose ending can’t be avoided is not a mortal, but a royal princess who once lived among the people. As for Shen Yong’s father, Shen Yibo, and the fortune teller mentioned at the beginning, they were also arranged to fall into the whirlpool of palace fighting, and the palace fighting also had no technical content.

However, the flaws do not hide Yu’s flaws. The Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room is not a "palace fight drama" in itself. It is a suspense drama of love and food in a costume drama. This kind of drama can let me take it out from time to time, not by how well-made and well-performed it is, but by "simplicity".

two

Repeat: Three Two Surprises, Three Two Springs

"Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room" gradually perfects their respective understanding of life, responsibility, love, affection and friendship through short stories that men and women have experienced passively or actively. Inspired by Fang Yibao, Shen Yong began to follow the magistrate’s father, Shen Yibo, and Shen Yibo gradually relied on his son from the beginning.

In the process, different people are met in each case, and the degree of good and evil is different, which is inseparable from the "one scoop" food offensive. Not blunt, not "big lady", and even can say that she is "silly and sweet" interpreted by "anti-big lady".

The online drama is faithful to the novel, and the style of the novel is quite "sweet". It just seems that I am not tired, I don’t need to think, I am completely relaxed, and I can continue to watch.

Speaking of which, I’m a little skeptical myself. I think I’ve always liked to watch something with a little depth. I talk about Chef Fang and praise it as a bit like Mozart’s hand-waving. But on second thought, I like it far more than some film and television dramas that are often worth over 100 million yuan, full of stars and of great significance to the times. Perhaps it’s because of its high purity. "Purity" means that it can let me find a kind of "sense of relaxation" and a beautiful yearning for interpersonal relationships and the essence of life.

It outlines a simple happiness through the tolerance and love of the Shenfu family for "Fang Yi Shao" from beginning to end, and the yearning of a bunch of official servants for "wealthy family" to cook every time. It is also the first time I feel:

It is more "a beautiful thing" to outline life and resolve contradictions with delicious food than "chicken soup is coming"

Incidentally, Michelle J, the actor who plays "Fang Yibiao", looks good in costume, which happens to be in my aesthetic sense. It’s perfect for this girl who looks "fleshy and MengMeng" to perform a relaxed and humorous play, but it’s a pity that she is said to have retired.

In this drama, all the leading actors and supporting actors, such as Lei Mu, Chang Cheng, Li Xiaohong, Fang Yao and Ben Hu, the adopted son of Shen Jie, are online. Unfortunately, no better works have been seen since then.

In fact, the investment and production scale of this drama is not large, and it won’t cost much in the later period. Some treasures can be found in it, including young singer Sun Zihan and his full set of theme songs and ending songs, such as Cooking Love, Memories So Hurt, Always Stupid, etc. At first glance, you can know that it is the "Lian Heng" between the music company and the production unit, but there is a saying that the content level of lyrics and composition is good.

It has been almost five years since the drama was launched in 2017. In the past five years, China’s online dramas have gradually matured, and even have the momentum of catching up with "orthodox" TV dramas. I didn’t care before. Later, when I was forced to write articles and look up information, I began to gradually correct my previous prejudice against this kind of online film and television drama.

　

I even began to have some doubts about the "traditional works" that I once thought were orthodox.

three

Last words: half a table is crazy and half a table is drunk.

Someone once commented that the theme of "Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room" is very grounded, so it is popular. I don’t quite agree with this statement. Because film and television dramas, as well as any other forms of artistic expression, should be grounded in itself.

What is "grounding gas"? According to the official language, it is "close to people’s lives, reflecting people’s stories, and showing the beauty of working people through artistic re-creation".

Of course, I’m not calling people names, I’m not a junior four …

Where have you been? Don’t get me wrong. I’m talking about the "little four" who bullied his teacher and destroyed his ancestors in Farewell My Concubine. He insisted on arguing with his master, "Why isn’t Peking Opera beautiful when it comes to the working people?"

I mean, there is no shame in making money, but you should have a clear understanding of your position. You can’t look down on the "working people" while making money. Art itself is to earn other people’s money. In the end, it seems to be a very elegant thing to feel that you are not "grounded", which is "when you stand up again", isn’t it?

In the past twenty years, my feeling is that "grounding gas" should be a subconscious move in the film and television industry. Professionals can certainly evaluate the lens, light and shadow, wide angle and performance of a film and television drama, and money makers can also use data, coffee spots, lineups, money piles and "Do you know how hard they (I intentionally) work?" As a gimmick for marketing and money. However, we must not really take these as the standard for creating works, let alone underestimate the IQ of the audience, nor ignore the needs of the audience.

No matter how famous people are, they should have a clear understanding in their hearts: you know best whether your work is sincere or false, and you know well whether others praise you from the heart or whether the scene is polite. Only sometimes, when some "masterpieces" come out, they are always crowned with various expectations, and only after they come out, they regret to find that "they look like Zhao Dan from a distance and look at Fui-On Shing from a distance".

Therefore, only by modestly lowering your posture and going deep into the audience and looking for what they like to see can you make your artistic creation level "evergreen" forever.

If nothing else, take "The Ferry of the Soul" as an example. tales of mystery, who first appeared in the world, is frank and pure; The same is true of Chef Fang. The main creator may think that the story itself is already very good, and it is too melodramatic to add his own ideas at random to express or criticize anything. Because it is very simple, besides letting you learn some cooking skills, it tells you how to get along with men and women, father and son and family with stories, and there are not so many Shakespeare-style lines and Bollywood-style mirrors.

In this way, Chef Fang is also "perfect". The perfection lies in that it has no sequel, no "third season" and no "thoughts". It is simply like "Chef Fang" himself:

I am just a little girl, and I have no great ambition.

The above can be regarded as a drunken remark by "Chef Fang".

?

　　On May 14th, local time, the U.S. released the results of the four-year review of China’s tariff increase of 301, and announced that on the basis of the original tariff increase of 301, it would further increase the tariff increase on electric vehicles and other products imported from China. Among them, the import tariff on electric vehicles has been increased from 25% to 100%. A spokesman for the Ministry of Commerce said on the 14th that China resolutely opposes and makes solemn representations.

　　After the news was announced, the European Union, which conducted a countervailing investigation on China’s electric vehicles, was cautious.

　　On the 14th local time, Olof Gill, a spokesman for the European Commission (hereinafter referred to as the "European Commission"), said that the European Commission had taken note of the US decision and was evaluating its possible impact on the EU, and the US move was not coordinated between Washington and Brussels.

　　Usually, as a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), it is necessary to communicate within the framework on issues such as increasing tariffs. The European side’s speech means that the steps of the United States do not conform to WTO rules.

　　Jill added, althoughThe concerns of the two sides of the strait may be similar, but "we are solving these problems through our own means in line with WTO rules."

　　At a recent bilateral press conference, German Chancellor Angela Scholz and Swedish Prime Minister Christerson were both disapproving when asked about the US tariff increase on electric vehicles in China.

　　"As far as tariffs are concerned, we all agree that it is a bad idea to undermine global trade." Christerson said.

　　Scholz, on the other hand, said that since the results of the countervailing investigation conducted by the European Commission on electric vehicles in China have not yet been announced, he could not make a final statement on this.

　　Zhao Yongsheng, director of the French Center for Economic Research in university of international business and economics and doctoral supervisor of Sorbonne University in Paris, told the First Financial Reporter that on the whole, the EU and the United States have taken different measures against electric vehicles in China, highlighting obvious differences, and there are also obvious differences in strategies and effects. The US has blatantly violated WTO rules, and the European side still insists on conducting investigations while observing WTO rules. However, in recent years, it can also be seen that the European side has taken some other targeted measures against individual companies, directly imposing fines and disguised forms.

　　There are many voices against taxation in Germany.

　　It is reported that the relevant investigation initiated by the EU in September 2023 is drawing to a close, and the preliminary ruling date will expire on July 4 at the latest, but it is reported that it may be earlier.

　　Scholz said that at present, at least 50% of electric vehicles imported from China in Europe come from western brands, which are produced in China and then exported to Europe. "On this issue, this may be different from other countries and North America." He added that it should not be forgotten that European manufacturers are successfully selling cars in the China market.

　　Christerson’s position is even more obvious. When asked whether the EU should follow the example of the United States, he said: "We don’t want to disintegrate global trade, which is a stupid idea."

　　He explained that it is not a good idea for big import and export countries like Germany and Sweden to use punitive tariffs as a solution.

　　The First Financial Reporter noted that in recent media interviews by politicians, business executives and business groups in Germany, there were many voices opposing the imposition of tariffs on "imported electric vehicles from China" and warning the European Commission.

　　Oliver Zipse, president of BMW, warned that sanctions will lead to countermeasures, for example, important raw materials for electric vehicles will become scarce, and the European market has not been flooded by cheap China cars.

　　According to a study organized by Transport & Environment, about one out of every four electric vehicles sold in Europe in 2024 came from China, but most of these vehicles were actually produced in China by western car dealers, such as Spring, BMW Mini and iX3, which are owned by Renault subsidiary Dacia.

　　Jandera, president of the German Federation of Wholesale, Foreign Trade and Services (BGA), said that the EU should not adopt a protectionist policy towards China products. Otherwise, everything will be more expensive in the end, and the losers are market participants, consumers and enterprises.

　　Jandera added that if the EU follows the example of the United States, the German automobile industry will suffer greatly, because there is not a car in the EU that does not use parts from China, and European manufacturers also import their electric car models from China. "So, we will hurt ourselves. We must accept competition. " He said.

　　German Transport Minister Volker Wissing also warned that Europe should not impose punitive tariffs. "It is the wrong way to start a trade war with punitive tariffs." He said, "Our market should not be closed, but strengthened through competition. German companies are not afraid of competition. Our company produces top products for the world and will continue to do so in the future. "

　　There are still differences within the EU.

　　However, there are still disputes within the EU, among which there are great differences between Germany and France.

　　An anonymous French official said that the European side will not set a 100% tax rate, so that China’s electric vehicles generally cannot enter the European market, but the European side really needs to respond effectively. At present, the European Commission is convinced that some measures need to be taken for electric vehicles. This decision of the United States will only strengthen the determination of the European Commission.

　　Some scholars have suggested that although the US tariff is aimed at China, it may also use the same means for EU exports. Francesca Ghiretti, a non-resident researcher at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in the United States, said: "An unavoidable question is whether the EU will become the target of similar major unilateral measures if there is a new (American) government."

　　At present, the countervailing investigation conducted by the EU needs to be based on evidence, and the investigation time may be as long as 13 months, which reflects the EU’s prudence and consideration of procedural integrity to some extent.

　　Zhao Yongsheng told China Business News that the EU’s measures against China’s electric vehicles are based on trade policy procedures, which require long-term investigation, and the EU will not openly violate WTO regulations, which is ostensibly more compliant, while the United States politicizes the issue of China’s electric vehicles.

　　It is reported that once the investigation is completed, the EU may decide to impose a tariff on cars imported from China that is more than the current 10%, which will increase the current tax rate from 10% to 20%. The specific additional tax rate has not yet been determined, but it is likely to exceed 20%. In addition, the EU may also consider reducing import quotas, imposing fines, and restricting the way China’s electric vehicles enter the public procurement market. After the publication of countervailing investigation, China electric vehicle enterprises may face complicated licensing applications and may be required to disclose subsidized R&D and assets.

　　Zhao Yongsheng said that the EU also has a large number of other policy tools, such as the recent frequent use of the Regulation on Foreign Subsidies Distorting the EU Internal Market.

Blessed are Chengdu people! In the future, photos of ID cards can be taken with beautiful "selfies"! On September 11th, 136 "one-stop service accreditation points" in Chengdu were officially put into operation. In the future, 31 service items in five categories, such as ID card and household registration, can be handled without going to the government affairs center and directly going to the 136 newly added "one-stop service accreditation points" in Chengdu. What’s more comfortable is that there are "selfie artifacts" at these registration points, and photos of ID cards, entry and exit documents and driver’s licenses can be taken by themselves until they are satisfied!

Self-help shooting

Self-portrait ID photo taken until satisfactory.

But there is no beauty function.

According to a website survey, 80% of the respondents are not satisfied with their ID cards. In the future, Chengdu people will no longer have to worry about their ugly ID photos!

Tianfu Morning Post reporter found this "self-service camera" in the "one-stop service accreditation point", and a black curtain was intimately hung outside the machine, so that you can play freely in a closed environment. In the camera, there are still some things to be aware of, such as "Please wear clothes with collars and don’t wear heavy makeup". The public can take photos of relevant documents by themselves after reading.

Before shooting, you can confirm your identity by swiping the second-generation ID card or manually entering the ID number. After entering the photo page, you can pose correctly according to the prompts. The self-service camera also has an adjustment button, which can be adjusted up or down. After posing, you can click the photo button. Of course, if you are not satisfied with the shooting, click to shoot again, and if you are satisfied, click to take photos.

As long as you are not afraid of being urged by the little friends waiting in line behind, the photo can be taken to your satisfaction. However, it needs special reminder that the camera does not have a beauty function.

How to choose a site

Five urban areas achieve "full coverage"

24 points of new urban construction in suburbs

It is understood that Chengdu has added 128 new ones on the basis of eight built at the beginning of this year, and completed the construction of 136 "one-stop service accreditation points" in an all-round way. After two months of trial operation, inspection and acceptance, it officially started operation on September 11th, exceeding the annual target and task three months ahead of schedule.

So far, Chengdu Public Security has established a new service system of Chengdu Public Security Window, which is based on the public security accreditation center, supplemented by "one-stop service accreditation point", supplemented by mobile service, and "Chengdu Public Security Micro-household administration" as the carrier, combining "point-to-face" with "static" and "virtual entity" with "online and offline", further solving the "last mile" problem of serving the masses.

This time, the Chengdu Public Security Bureau fully considered the regional population distribution, the radiation effect of the station and the size of the office space of the police station, rationally selected the location, and implemented three kinds of location construction modes. A total of 136 "Chengdu Public Security One-stop Service Registration Points" were officially built in 110 police stations, 25 community convenience service centers and 1 community police office in the city, exceeding the construction task of 120 points established by the municipal party committee and municipal government.

Among them, 112 "11+2" central city, high-tech zone and Tianfu New District have been built, accounting for 82.35%, and 24 suburban new towns have been built, accounting for 17.65%, mainly in areas with large population and large land and strong radiation effect. Jinjiang, Qingyang, Jinniu, Wuhou and Chenghua point settings achieve "full coverage"; Wenjiang, Shuangliu, Qionglai, Pengzhou and Dayi were guided by the needs of the masses, and after extensively soliciting opinions and suggestions, 16 accreditation points were added.

service content

Can handle 31 service items in 5 categories.

12 certificates of household administration issued 14 certificates.

In terms of construction standards, it is implemented in accordance with the relevant standards for standardized construction of police stations; In terms of staffing, a basic staffing model of "1+1+ N" was initially formed, namely, one full-time police officer, one part-time police officer and n police assistants. In terms of standardized management, the standardized service management mode of public security accreditation center is introduced, and information support, quality supervision and business guidance are established.

136 "one-stop service accreditation points" can handle 31 service items in 5 categories. Among them, there are 12 household affairs, 1 traffic police, 3 entry and exit, 1 public security and 14 certificates. By June 30, the construction tasks of 136 accreditation points had been basically completed; At the beginning of July, the Household Administration Bureau took the lead in organizing a two-month trial operation, and inspected and accepted the trial operation at the end of August.

During the trial operation, the city received a total of 170,000 people (times), and handled 112,000 household affairs, entry and exit, public security, vehicle control and certification materials. Among them, there are 88,000 households, accounting for 78.36%; 07,000 entries and exits, accounting for 6.25%; 127 cases of public security, accounting for 0.11%; 778 car drivers, accounting for 0.69%; There are 16,000 proofs, accounting for 14.59%.

One-stop service, service matters at the registration office

★★★ Household administration business

Urban household registration transfer, non-main item change (correction), cancellation of dead person’s household registration, replacement of household registration book, and arrival of newborn baby.

National identity cards are handled in different places.

The name and surname of the people have been changed (corrected).

Change of citizen’s ID number, gender and date of birth (correction).

Application, renewal and replacement of identity cards of registered residents within the jurisdiction of the police station; Redemption and replacement of resident ID cards across districts (cities) in the city.

Apply for and endorse residence permit.

★★★ Entry and exit business

For the first time, registered residents in this city apply for ordinary passports, travel passes to and from Hong Kong and Macao and travel endorsements (excluding the second endorsement), travel passes to and from Taiwan and travel endorsements (excluding the second endorsement).

★★★ Driving management business

Vehicle owner and driver window user registration. Open the internet to handle business authority, and guide the masses to handle car management business online or dial 11185 to handle car management and other business.

★★★ Public security business

Dog registration certificate, dog identification card.

★★★ Certificate issued

1. Certificate of correction for the change of household registration items: Certificate of Change.

2. Certificate of cancellation of household registration: Certificate of Death Cancellation, Certificate of Cancellation of Household Registration for Military Service in the Army, Certificate of Cancellation of Residence Abroad, Certificate of Cancellation of Household Registration for Sentenced Punishment, Certificate of Re-entry/Mistaken Registration of Household Registration.

3. Proof of kinship: Proof of Kinship.

4. Identity certificate of abducted children: Identity certificate of abducted children.

5. Certificate of reporting abandoned baby (child): Report Certificate of Reporting Abandoned Baby (child).

6. Abnormal Death Certificate: Abnormal Death Certificate.

7. Temporary identity certificate: Temporary Identity Certificate.

8. Certificate of No Criminal Record: Certificate of No Criminal Record.

9. Other certificates: Certificate of Residence Registration and Certificate of Change of Door (Building) Number.

Special reminder

Most businesses cannot be handled across regions.

It is worth noting that the "Chengdu Public Security One-stop Service Accreditation Point" mainly serves citizens in all major districts of Chengdu, and most of the citizens’ businesses cannot be handled across regions. For example, citizens in Jinjiang District are handled at the accreditation point in this district. At the same time, for the second-generation ID card that citizens are more concerned about, except that the first application for ID card needs to be handled at the police station where the household registration is located, the subsequent application for replacement of ID card can be realized at the registration office in this district. Friends from other places, as long as they have a residence permit in Chengdu, can enjoy equal treatment according to the management measures of residence permit of Chengdu Public Security Bureau. The processing of off-site ID cards is also being piloted, and it can be completed at some processing points.

"We will further strengthen the management and improvement of one-stop accreditation points. Strive to create a good environment, provide warm services, and regulate their own law enforcement behavior. " Yang Hongwu, political instructor of Chengdu Public Security Household Administration Bureau, said. He mentioned that citizens can make an appointment to handle business through Chengdu Public Security Micro-Household Administration, which provides a more convenient way for citizens. Regarding the addresses and telephone numbers of 136 "Chengdu Public Security One-stop Service Accreditation Points" in the city, the website will also be launched in the near future.

(The original title is "Doing an ID card in Chengdu, photos can be" selfie ".Go to 136" one-stop service registration points "to find selfie artifacts, and you can take photos until you are satisfied")

　　"Lhasa released" WeChat WeChat official account news, and the office of the Leading Group for Lhasa’s response to the COVID-19 epidemic reported the epidemic information as follows:

　　I. Distribution of infected persons

　　September 22nd 0— At 24: 00, there were 129 new cases of Covid-19 infection in Lhasa, including 9 newly confirmed cases and 120 asymptomatic infections. Both the newly confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections were found in closed-loop isolation control. Among them:

　　(1) Chengguan District: 126 new cases (6 confirmed cases and 120 asymptomatic infected persons) were added on that day.

　　(2) Duilong Deqing District (including Liuwu New District): 3 new cases were added that day (confirmed case 3).

　　Second, the delineation of risk areas

　　On September 22, the city’s high-risk areas were adjusted to 14 and the middle-risk areas were adjusted to 73. Specifically:

　　Medium risk area and risk reduction area (4):

　　1. Jintai construction site area in Economic Development Zone;

　　2. Deji Kangsa Area in Economic Development Zone;

　　3. Xiangtiwan Area in Economic Development Zone;

　　4. Sunshine New Town Area of Economic Development Zone.

　　(1) Chengguan District [including Wenchuang Park]

　　13 high-risk areas:

　　1. Chongsaikang community;

　　2. Danjielin Community (east of the middle section of Dorsenger Road);

　　3. Lalu Community in Kutokuhayashi Street;

　　4. Bayi Community of Jinzhu West Road Street (except grid one, two, three and six);

　　5. Lhasa Department Store Staff Community;

　　6. No.3 Water Conservancy Bureau Community, Lane 1, Linkuo East Road;

　　7. Lugu Community (east of the southern section of Dorsenger Road);

　　8. Jiarong Community in Najin Street;

　　9. Renqincai Village, Niangre Street;

　　10. Tour community (north of Jiangsu Road);

　　11. Cha Rong, Eco-Park Road, China UnionPay Tibet Branch;

　　12. Xiasasu community;

　　13. Zhaxi Street Xiongga Community.

　　60 middle risk areas:

　　1. Gaercuo Hotel in No.16 Bakuo Shopping Mall, beijing east road;

　　2. Changdu Office;

　　3. Happy New Village of Niangniang Road;

　　4. The Holy City Garden of Sela North Road;

　　5. No.12 Zaki Road;

　　6. The retirement base of Ali Agricultural Bank of Marinca Community in Shuangdao Street;

　　7. Jiquyuan Community, Jia Marinca Community, Liangdao Street;

　　8. Xianzu Island Ecological Residential District, Xianzu Island Community, Liangdao Street;

　　9. Bailin Community (north of Jiangsu Road);

　　10. Jibenggang Community;

　　11. Wood is like a community;

　　12. Safe and civilized community and its surroundings (Xizang Autonomous Region Sports Bureau Retirement Base, Himalayan Hotel);

　　13. Lhasa No.1 Middle School (dormitory building);

　　14. Tiebenggang Community (west of the middle section of Linkuo East Road);

　　15. Xizang Autonomous Region Film Public Service Center;

　　16. auspicious community;

　　17. No.36 Jiangsu Road;

　　18. Labaihe Balin Wholesale Department Community;

　　19. Jiacuo Community in Kutokuhayashi Street;

　　20. Kutokuhayashi Street Happiness Community (except Guohao Business Hotel, No.15 Niangniang South Road);

　　21. Anjuyuan of Meteorological Bureau;

　　22. Duodi Street (rented house No.47, Group 3, Gagong Anjuyuan, Saikang Fujiang Home and Weiba Village);

　　23. The Sanyi community in Duodi Street;

　　24. Group 5, Gaerxi Village, Niangre Street;

　　25. Baiding Village, Caigongtang Street (except Pure Land Zhizhao Industrial Park in Chengguan District);

　　26. Groups 2 and 4 of Cai Village, Caigongtang Street;

　　27. East District of Langsai 11th District, Caicun, Caigongtang Street;

　　28. Xiangga Highway Community in Caicun, Caigongtang Street;

　　29. Yutao Health in Caicun, Caigongtang Street;

　　30. Enhuiyuan Community in Caigongtang Street (Enhuiyuan Community, Taixi Yueting, Hanlinyuan, Lhasa Teachers College, Lhasa No.2 Senior High School);

　　31. Cemenlin Community (east of the northern section of Dorsenger Road);

　　32. Gemuqi Community;

　　33. Balang School Community;

　　34. Hebalin Community (west of Linkuo East Road);

　　35. District 9 of Langsai, Nizhuolin Community, Zhaxi Street;

　　36. Nizhuoyuan in Nizhuolin Community of Zhaxi Street and its surroundings (Xinfudi Automobile Maintenance Factory);

　　37. West Zone of Shuyuan Community, Nizhuolin Community, Zhaxi Street;

　　38. Tuanjie New Village Community in Zhaxi Street;

　　39. Zhaxi Street Zhaxi Community;

　　40. Zhaxi Street Zhaxi New Village Community;

　　41. Kutokuhayashi Street Snow Community;

　　42. Xin ‘an Residential Garden in the Eastern Suburb;

　　43. Groups 1, 2, 3 and 6 of Ejietang Community in Gamagongsang Street;

　　44. Gemina Elevator Apartment (in Junyi Hotel, Najin Road);

　　45. Jingu Express Hotel;

　　46. Lhasa No.8 Middle School (dormitory);

　　47. Ruyi Elevator Apartment (Zangre South Road);

　　48. Happy Home Area B;

　　49. Danba Community in Jinzhu West Road Street (except Lhasa Company of Xizang Autonomous Region Tobacco Company, No.39 Beijing West Road, Jingxin Hall, Wen Jun Garden No.10 District, Simple Apartment, Shuntong Community, Wojia Courtyard, Xuanhe Apartment, Cui Zonghua Rental House, Ruan Apartment, Zhihua Rental House, Pengxi Apartment and Debu Rental House);

　　50. Abalinka Community in Niangre Street;

　　51. Cisongtang Community in Niangniang Street;

　　52. Najin Village, Najin Street;

　　53. Naru Community in Najin Street (except Future City Community, District D of Chengguan Garden and Chengxiangyuan);

　　54. Tama Village, Najin Street;

　　55. Group 4, Cijuelin Village, Wenchuang Park;

　　56. One, two, three and six grids of Bayi Community in Jinzhu West Road Street;

　　57. Cijuelin Staff Apartment Community in Wenchuang Park;

　　58. Zone 2 of Xingfuyuan in Wenchuang Park;

　　59. Yunlong Hotel on Beijing Middle Road;

　　60. Luodui Community, Jinzhu West Road Street.

　　(2) Duilong Deqing District [including Economic Development Zone and Liuwu New District]

　　1 high-risk area:

　　1. Around the window of Lhasa (except the window of Lhasa).

　　13 middle risk areas:

　　1. Around Jindunyuan (except Lingyue Mansion, Layachao Hotel and Jindunyuan);

　　2. Liuwu Building and its surroundings (except Gangren International);

　　3. Jinma International and its surroundings (except Sangdanlin Phase I Community and Tourism Garden);

　　4. Hailiang Phase I and its surroundings;

　　5. Deyang Village, Liuwu New District;

　　6. Fortune Plaza Phase I and its surroundings (except Ruida Supermarket (Zhongying Black Forest Store));

　　7. Xiangyun Huafu and its surroundings;

　　8. Window of Lhasa Community;

　　9. Nanga Community 1— Group 7;

　　10. Dakang Group of Yangda Community;

　　11. Sang Mu community 1— 5 groups;

　　12. Area A A1 and Area B A2 of Yangda Street Industrial Park;

　　13. Talents Apartment in Economic Development Zone.