General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress: "Without a solid material and technical foundation, it is impossible to build a socialist modern power in an all-round way." Building a modern industrial system is a major strategic deployment made by the CPC Central Committee from the height of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. We should seriously study and profoundly understand the great significance of this strategic deployment, accurately grasp the principle requirements, solidly promote the construction of a modern industrial system, and lay a solid material and technical foundation for building a socialist modernization power in an all-round way and realizing the goal of the second century.

　　First, fully understand the great significance of building a modern industrial system

　　(A) building a modern industrial system is an inevitable requirement to promote high-quality development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s industrial structure has been continuously adjusted and optimized, and the industrial system has become more complete, which has strongly supported the building of a well-off society in an all-round way. Entering a new stage of development, new changes in the development environment at home and abroad and the new mission of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way have put forward new requirements for economic development. China’s economic development has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and it is undergoing quality change, efficiency change and power change. To promote high-quality development, it is required to shift from quantitative expansion to qualitative improvement, put the quality of development in a more prominent position, strive to improve the quality of development, and form a high-quality and diversified industrial supply system. Promoting high-quality development requires continuously optimizing the allocation of production factors, continuously improving labor efficiency, capital efficiency, land efficiency and resource efficiency, continuously improving total factor productivity, and forming an efficient industrial supply system. High-quality development is the development in which innovation becomes the first driving force. It requires changing from relying mainly on resources and low-cost labor to innovation-driven, speeding up the conversion of old and new kinetic energy, constantly improving the industrial basic capacity, promoting the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries, cultivating strategic emerging industries with international competitiveness, and establishing a modern industrial system with high quality and high efficiency.

　　(2) Building a modern industrial system is an urgent need to win the initiative of big countries. At present, the international economic and political structure has undergone profound and complex changes, and the competition among big countries is becoming increasingly fierce. Geopolitical factors and epidemic shocks are accelerating the adjustment of global industrial division of labor to regionalization and diversification. Industrial competition has become the main battlefield of great power competition, and the modern industrial system has become the most critical "winner". China’s industrial chain as a whole is at the low end, big but not strong, wide but not deep. We must speed up the construction of a modern industrial system and build a complete and resilient industrial chain supply chain in order to firmly grasp industrial security, economic security and national security in our own hands. At the same time, although China’s industrial system is large in scale and numerous in categories, there are still many "breakpoints" and "blocking points". In particular, China’s industrial development faces outstanding problems such as external repression and containment that may be upgraded at any time, and key core technologies are subject to people. Only by seizing the opportunity of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation to reshape the global economic structure, speeding up the construction of a modern industrial system, improving the ability of independent innovation, filling in the shortcomings and weaknesses, strengthening the strengths of the long board, and seizing the commanding heights of future industrial competition, can we be invincible in the competition of big countries.

　　(3) Building a modern industrial system is an important measure to build a socialist modern country in an all-round way. Modern industry is an important symbol of a modern country. Countries that have realized modernization, such as Europe, America and Japan, have successively experienced scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and successfully cultivated their own modern industries. However, some countries have been among the high-income countries for a short time by relying on their resource advantages, but in the end they all "fell behind" because they did not have modern industries, and even fell into the "middle income trap". Our party takes the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as its own responsibility and has long been committed to promoting the construction of a modern country. Industrial modernization has always been an important goal and task of China’s modernization drive. As early as 1954, Zhou Enlai put forward the goal of building modern industry, agriculture, transportation and national defense at the First National People’s Congress. In 1964, China proposed to establish an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system after three five-year planning periods, and then fully realize the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology. Since the reform and opening up, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the achievements made in China’s socialist modernization are inseparable from China’s continuous promotion of industrial modernization. Entering a new stage of development, building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and improving economic strength and scientific and technological strength, we must firmly grasp the key of industrial modernization and consolidate the material and technological foundation of modern industrial system.

　　Second, accurately grasp the principles and requirements of building a modern industrial system

　　(1) Persist in promoting new industrialization. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the Communist Party of China, put forward that the focus of economic development should be on the real economy and new industrialization should be promoted. This is the general goal of building a modern industrial system in the new era and new journey. To implement this requirement, we must firmly grasp the real economy, resolutely reverse the tendency of "deviating from reality to emptiness", guide all kinds of factor resources to concentrate on the real economy, especially the manufacturing industry, and promote the strategic transformation of the manufacturing industry from quantitative expansion to quality improvement. It is necessary to strengthen the guidance of high-end industries, promote industrial transformation and upgrading, develop high-end manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing, cultivate leading industries with core competitiveness, build a strategic and overall industrial chain, form an industrial system with stronger innovation and higher added value through open cooperation, and accelerate the construction of a manufacturing power, a quality power, a space power, a transportation power, a network power and a digital China, so as to comprehensively improve the modernization level of the industrial system.

　　(2) Adhere to the strategic guiding role of national development planning. Guiding industrial development with planning is the institutional advantage of China’s socialist market economy. It is necessary to do a good job in overall planning and top-level design to enhance the sense of direction and guidance. Adhere to the combination of goal-oriented and problem-oriented, clarify the priority of development, and continue to exert efforts to supplement shortcomings and strengths to enhance accuracy and effectiveness. Coordinate overall planning with highlighting key points, formulate a clear timetable and road map for the established goals, advance steadily and step by step, and avoid rushing headlong into mass action and disorderly competition; Consider the development needs and practical ability, medium-and long-term goals and short-term goals as a whole, and do something different. It is necessary to strengthen the system concept, pay attention to the internal correlation of various industries and elements, coordinate the development of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain and large, medium and small enterprises, coordinate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and the cultivation and growth of emerging industries, and improve the overall level of the industrial system.

　　(3) Insist on correctly handling the relationship between the government and the market. Market is the driving force of industrial development. It is necessary to give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and strive to optimize the industrial development environment. Strict fair competition review, strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition, get rid of local protection and administrative monopoly, continuously eliminate regulations and practices that hinder the unified national market and fair competition, and reduce direct intervention in microeconomic activities. Adhere to equal access, fair supervision, openness and order, honesty and law-abiding, build a unified national market, and accelerate the construction of a high-standard market system. Strengthen the basic position of fair competition policy, strengthen the coordination between industrial policy and competition policy, accelerate the construction of an industrial policy system conducive to the construction of a modern industrial system, improve industrial regulations and departmental rules, improve the channels for enterprises to participate in industrial policy formulation, and strengthen the integration of policy design and implementation methods with international common rules.

　　(4) Adhere to the leading position of enterprises in the construction of modern industrial system. Enterprise is the micro-subject and important carrier of industrial development. It is necessary to stimulate the development momentum and vitality of all kinds of enterprises and strengthen their dominant position. Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, speed up the layout optimization and structural adjustment of state-owned economy, improve the core competitiveness of enterprises, and enhance the leading role of state-owned enterprises in the construction of modern industrial system. Optimize the development environment of private enterprises, protect the property rights and entrepreneurs’ rights and interests of private enterprises according to law, carry forward the entrepreneurial spirit, and make the vast number of private enterprises become the new force in the construction of modern industrial system. Support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and specialized new enterprises, and vigorously cultivate leading enterprises with leading power in industrial ecology and "single champion" enterprises with control over industrial chain nodes. Encourage state-owned enterprises and private enterprises to carry out various forms of cooperation to form industrial clusters with coordinated development of large, medium and small enterprises.

　　(5) Insist on building industrial development on the support of science and technology. Science and technology is the key to industrial competitiveness. The history of industrial development in various countries shows that strong science and technology leads to strong enterprises, and strong enterprises lead to strong industries. To build a modern industrial system, we must take strengthening scientific and technological innovation as the top priority, so that industrial development has strong scientific and technological support. It is necessary to give full play to the advantages of the new national system under the socialist market economy, strengthen technical research, and overcome a number of key core technologies that are subject to people in the fields of high-end chips, operating systems, new materials and major equipment. Strengthen the deep integration of Industry-University-Research led by enterprises, strengthen the goal orientation, and improve the level of transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the dominant position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises, and promote the deep integration of talent chain in innovation chain industrial chain. Guide enterprises to increase investment in research and development, attract high-end scientific and technological talents, and encourage enterprises to strengthen applied basic research and cutting-edge technology research and development. Strengthen the construction of common technology platform and speed up the solution of key common technologies that restrict industrial development. Focus on the frontier of future scientific and technological competition, promote the first breakthrough in the fields of information technology, biotechnology and artificial intelligence, and seize the leading role in future industrial development.

　　Third, the key tasks of solidly promoting the construction of a modern industrial system

　　(1) Consolidate the leading position of advantageous industries. China’s industrial system is relatively complete, which plays an important role in the global division of labor system and the industrial chain supply chain system. Some industries have been in the leading position in the world and become the cornerstone of supporting China’s international competitiveness. We must consolidate and give full play to this advantage. It is necessary to implement the industrial base reengineering project, and improve the quality and technical performance of basic products around core basic components and basic manufacturing processes, basic electronic components, key basic materials and key basic software. Implement major technical equipment research projects to enhance the advantages of the whole industrial chain in the fields of high-speed rail, power equipment, new energy and communication equipment. Guide and support traditional industries to accelerate the application of advanced and applicable technologies, increase investment in technological transformation and equipment, upgrade traditional industrial chains with new technologies and new formats, and promote the high-end, intelligent and green development of manufacturing. In the field of relationship security development, we will speed up the filling of shortcomings, enhance the ability to ensure the supply of strategic resources, and ensure the normal operation of the economy in extreme cases.

　　(2) Promote the development of strategic emerging industries integration clusters. Strategic emerging industries are pioneering, represent the direction of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and are the decisive force to lead the country’s future industrial development. Integration and clustering is a new model of industrial development and a new trend of new industrialization. It is necessary to seize the development opportunities of strategic emerging industries, promote the deep integration of informatization and new industrialization, and vigorously develop strategic emerging industries with high scientific and technological content, strong market competitiveness, great driving role and good economic benefits. We will build a number of internationally competitive advanced industrial clusters in the fields of information technology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment and environmental protection, and build a number of new growth engines with their own characteristics, complementary advantages and reasonable structure. It is necessary to plan future industries in a forward-looking way, strengthen the multi-path exploration and cross-integration of cutting-edge technologies and subversive technologies, actively shape future technology application scenarios, cultivate and incubate a number of future industries, and strive to seize the commanding heights of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation.

　　(3) Building a new service industry system with high quality and high efficiency. Modern service industry has become the leading industry and accounts for a large proportion, which is an important feature of modern industrial system. It is necessary to focus on the needs of industrial transformation and upgrading, give play to the key role of scientific and technological innovation and high-quality and efficient services, and promote the extension of producer services to specialization and high-end value chain. Accelerate the development of modern service industries such as research and development, design, consulting, patents, brands, logistics, law and finance, promote the deep integration of modern service industries with advanced manufacturing industries and modern agriculture, and promote a virtuous circle of science and technology, industry and finance. Adapt to the needs of residents’ consumption upgrading, promote the development of life service industry to high quality and diversification, and accelerate the development of health, pension, childcare, culture, tourism, sports, housekeeping, property management and other service industries to better meet the needs of people’s high-quality life. It is necessary to deepen the reform and opening up in the service sector, further relax market access, build a coordinated and efficient modern service industry supervision system, and continuously improve the quality and efficiency of the service industry.

　　(4) Building an efficient and smooth circulation system. Circulation connects production and consumption. Efficient and smooth circulation system, promoting production efficiency and deepening industrial division of labor, is an indispensable and important part of modern industrial system. It is necessary to promote the hardware and software construction of modern circulation system as a whole, develop new circulation technologies, new formats and new models, improve the system norms and standards in the circulation field, and reduce logistics costs. It is necessary to improve the logistics network of bulk goods and containers that are suitable for industrial layout and consumption pattern, develop railway container transportation in an orderly manner, promote the high-quality development of road freight, strengthen the capacity building of air freight, and vigorously develop multimodal transport of goods. Accelerate the establishment of a modern cold chain logistics system that is smooth, efficient, safe, green, intelligent, convenient and powerful, improve the layout of national backbone cold chain logistics bases, strengthen the construction of production and marketing cold chain collection and distribution centers, and improve the quality and efficiency of cold chain logistics services. Develop modern postal express service, promote express delivery into villages and factories, build an international express transportation network, and promote the convenience of international delivery service. Improve the modern commercial circulation system and cultivate a group of modern circulation enterprises with global competitiveness. Accelerate the development of the Internet of Things, promote the digitalization, intelligent transformation and cross-border integration of the circulation system, cultivate and develop the emerging service industry of the Internet of Things, and realize the benign interaction and common development of online and offline.

　　(5) Accelerate the development of the digital economy. Digitalization is a new feature of the times, and the digital economy is becoming the key field of the new round of international competition. It is necessary to grasp the historical opportunity of a new generation of science and technology and industrial transformation with digital technology as the core, promote the deep integration of digital economy and real economy, empower the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and give birth to new industries, new formats and new models. Use the application of new Internet technologies to transform traditional industries in all directions, all angles and all chains, and accelerate the digital, networked and intelligent transformation of manufacturing, agriculture and service industries. We will speed up the establishment of basic systems and standards for data resource property rights, transaction circulation, cross-border transmission and security protection, promote the formation of a complete supply chain for data collection, mining, cleaning, labeling, storage and analysis, and promote the development and utilization of data resources. Improve the basic research and development capabilities of digital technology, accelerate the construction of a new generation of digital infrastructure such as mobile communications and data centers, and promote efficient communication, development and utilization of information. Give full play to the advantages of China’s market size, human resources and financial system, support the development and growth of digital enterprises, promote the healthy and sustainable development of platform economy, and build a digital industrial cluster with international competitiveness.

　　(6) Building a modern infrastructure system. Infrastructure is an important support for economic and social development, and modern infrastructure system is an important part of modern industrial system. It is necessary to build a modern socialist country in an all-round way, optimize the layout, structure, function and system integration of infrastructure, and build a modern infrastructure system. Strengthen the construction of network infrastructure such as transportation, energy and water conservancy, and serve to build a unified national market. Strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as railways, highways, water transport, aviation, pipelines and logistics, and accelerate the formation of an integrated transportation system. Accelerate the construction of a modern energy system, optimize the layout of power production and transmission channels, and enhance the capacity of new energy consumption and storage. Strengthen the construction of water conservancy infrastructure and build the main skeleton and artery of national water network. Accelerate the construction of new infrastructure such as 5G networks, data centers, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, and Internet of Things, and form a cyberspace with Internet of Everything, human-computer interaction, and integration of heaven and earth. Strengthen advanced information, science and technology, logistics and other infrastructure to support industrial upgrading, enhance the core competitiveness of the economy and promote high-quality development. Promote urban infrastructure construction and create a high-quality living space. Strengthen the construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure and promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Strengthen the construction of national security infrastructure and enhance the ability to cope with extreme situations. (This article Source: Economic Daily Author: Xue Feng)