To govern the country, we must first govern the party, and only when the party is prosperous can we strengthen the country.

　　In the new era, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has promoted the comprehensive and strict administration of the party with unprecedented courage and determination, opened up a new realm of the century-old party’s self-revolution, and explored a successful path of relying on the party’s self-revolution to jump out of the historical cycle rate.

　　Embarking on a new journey, promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader issued a call to the whole party — —

　　"We must stand at the height of the party’s long-term governance, the country’s long-term stability and the people’s happiness and well-being, regard the comprehensive and strict management of the party as the party’s long-term strategy and eternal topic, always adhere to the problem orientation, maintain strategic strength, carry forward the thorough spirit of self-revolution, and always blow the bugle, stick to the strict tone, strict measures and strict atmosphere for a long time, and carry out the party’s great self-revolution to the end."

　　The way to win — — "Only by being brave in self-revolution can we win the historical initiative"

　　At the end of 2023, Huairentang, Zhongnanhai, Beijing.

　　For two days in a row, the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held a special democratic life meeting to study and implement the theme education of Supreme Leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, summed up the achievements, checked the shortcomings, conducted party spirit analysis, and carried out criticism and self-criticism.

　　"Being brave in self-revolution is the most distinctive character and greatest advantage of our party. Comrades in the Political Bureau of the Central Committee should always be strict with themselves according to the standards of Marxist politicians, and set a benchmark and set an example for the whole party in leading an honest and clean life. The important speech made by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader at the meeting reflects the clear requirement of continuously promoting the party’s self-revolution under the above rate.

　　Become a body and the world becomes, and rule the body and the world.

　　The key to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation lies in the party. The great cause opens a new chapter, and the great project needs to open a new situation.

　　Uphold the consciousness of "the party’s self-revolution is always on the road" and alert the whole party to keep sober and firm in solving the unique problems of the big party at all times — —

　　On October 27th, 2022, less than a week after the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China closed, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader led the 20th CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) to Yan ‘an, the "starting point of victory" of the China Revolution.

　　In the former residence of Comrade Mao Zedong in Yang Jialing, a yellowed photo attracted the attention of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. It was in early July, 1945 that Comrade Mao Zedong greeted Huang Yanpei and his party at the airport.

　　At that time, in the caves in Yan ‘an, Huang Yanpei put forward the question of how to jump out of the historical cycle rate of "its prosperity is also rich, and its death is also sudden". Comrade Mao Zedong gave the first answer, that is, "let the people supervise the government".

　　Now, the Party Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has given the second answer in the great practice of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way in the new era, which is self-revolution.

　　During this trip to Yan ‘an, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once again stressed: "Be brave in advancing the party’s self-revolution, unswervingly promote the comprehensive and strict administration of the party, always maintain the party’s advanced nature and purity, and ensure that the party will always be the strong leadership core of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause."

　　On June 30, 2023, party member cadres who visited Baota shan, Yan ‘an, Shaanxi, revisited the oath of joining the Party. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Bowen photo

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, strictly administering the Party in an all-round way is an important part of the great changes in the new era and an important political guarantee, which has had an all-round and deep-seated impact.

　　In the face of the historic and pioneering achievements of comprehensively and strictly administering the party in the new era, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always been calm and sober.

　　On October 12, 2022, at the Seventh Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said earnestly: "A big party and a big country is not only our advantage in doing great things and building great achievements, but also makes us face many unique problems in managing the party and the country."

　　A few days later, at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward a major conclusion to the whole party: "As the largest Marxist ruling party in the world, our party must always win the support of the people and consolidate its long-term ruling position, and must always remain sober and firm in solving the unique problems of the big party."

　　What is the unique problem of the big party?

　　"How to always Do not forget your initiative mind, keep in mind the mission, how to always unify thoughts, unified will and unified actions, how to always have a strong ruling ability and leadership level, how to always maintain the entrepreneurial spirit of officials, how to always find and solve their own problems in time, and how to always maintain a clean and honest political ecology are all unique problems that our big party must solve." In January, 2023, at the Second Plenary Session of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a profound analysis with "Six How to Always".

　　At the critical juncture of history, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people always have worries and are prepared for danger in times of peace. They examine themselves with a thorough spirit of self-revolution, showing their strong historical consciousness and mission.

　　Knowing that "a powerful political party is forged in self-revolution", we should constantly deepen our understanding of the regularity of managing the party and the party on the basis of practice — —

　　On the afternoon of June 30th, 2023, on the eve of the Party’s birthday, the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee conducted the sixth collective study on opening up a new realm of Marxism in China.

　　When it comes to theoretical innovation, it is necessary to answer the new topics of the times in a timely and scientific manner. The Supreme Leader’s General Secretary clearly requires: deepen the regular understanding of the party’s self-revolutionary strategic thinking in the comparison of the fate of Marxist political parties in the world and the realistic test faced by our party in its long-term governance.

　　From clearly proposing "self-revolution" in the field of party building to emphasizing that being brave in self-revolution "is the most distinctive character of our party"; From putting forward the important exposition of "two revolutions leading the great social revolution with great self-revolution" to highlighting the decisive role of the new great project of party building in the "four greats" … …

　　In the new era, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core profoundly summed up the historical experience of the Party, especially the fresh experience since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, put forward the important conclusion of the Party’s self-revolution and formed strategic thinking.

　　In the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the requirement of "improving the system of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way" is particularly striking. This is the first time that this expression was put forward in the report of the Party’s National Congress.

　　How to promote this "overall and groundbreaking work"?

　　"To improve this system, we need to adhere to the system of governing the party and governing the party according to regulations, highlight the organic connection, linkage integration and coordination of all aspects of party building, highlight the perfection of institutional mechanisms and the scientific and effective laws and regulations, and highlight the use of governance concepts, systematic concepts and dialectical thinking to manage the party and build the party." General Secretary of the Supreme Leader indicates the path requirements.

　　Practice continues to expand and understanding continues to deepen.

　　The national organizational work conference held in June 2023 put forward "the important thought of the supreme leader general secretary on party building" and systematically summarized it with "thirteen persistences".

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader’s important thought on party building greatly enriched and developed the Marxist theory of party building with a series of original achievements, which marked that our party’s understanding of the laws governing the construction of the Marxist ruling party reached a new height.

　　Keep in mind the fundamental question of "what is the Communist Party of China (CPC) and what to do" and ensure that the Party will never deteriorate, change color and taste by relying on self-revolution — —

　　In winter, the sun shines in the Memorial Hall of the New Fourth Army on Jianjun East Road, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province. On the morning of December 3, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made a special trip here on his way back to Beijing from his inspection tour in Shanghai.

　　The ballad engraved on the wall of the exhibition hall, "Eat cabbage, be a soldier, be a new fourth army", records the Song Gong monument & HELIP, which tells the story of the joint efforts of the army and the people to build a seawall during the Anti-Japanese War. … The general secretary said with emotion: "The people’s hearts are determined by the historical choice. Jiangshan is the people and the people are the mountains."

　　He who wins the hearts of the people wins the world.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "To carry out self-revolution, we should also pay attention to relying on the people and relying on the support and help of the people to solve our own problems."

　　Because "communist party is a party that serves the people", there is no fear of people’s supervision; Because "there is no special interest of its own", it dares to make self-revolution. The two answers that jump out of the historical cycle rate reflect the irrefutable truth — — "People’s hearts are related to the life and death of the party."

　　Only "I would like to be selfless and determined to devote myself to serving the Chinese people and China’s development" can have the fearless courage to "offend thousands of people and live up to 1.4 billion". Always regard the people as the fundamental starting point and foothold of building, rejuvenating and strengthening the party, which is the courage, confidence and motivation to carry out the party’s self-revolution to the end.

　　Treat both the symptoms and the root causes — — "Play a set of self-revolutionary ‘ Combination boxing ’ "

　　During the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the Guangxi delegation to discuss the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress.

　　Looking back on the magnificent course of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said with emotion:

　　"Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has taken ‘ Sharpen a sword in ten years ’ The determination to promote the comprehensive and strict management of the party, with ‘ If you offend thousands of people, you will not bear 1.4 billion ’ Our mission is to advance the unprecedented anti-corruption struggle. " "Especially after ten years, our self-revolutionary ‘ Combination boxing ’ It goes down in history. "

　　The Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress has drawn a grand blueprint for building a strong country and national rejuvenation. The last chapter is "Unswervingly administering the Party strictly in an all-round way and deepening the new great project of Party building in the new era", which shows the determination and courage of a big party to face the future and continue its self-revolution.

　　Maintain a high-pressure situation and persist in strict tone, strict measures and strict atmosphere for a long time — —

　　"Li Pengxin, former deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is suspected of serious violation of the law and is currently undergoing disciplinary review and supervision investigation by the State Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection."

　　On December 11, 2023, with the release of the "one-sentence news" on the website of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the number of middle-ranking cadres who were publicly released by the website in 2023 has reached 45.

　　Anti-corruption is the most thorough self-revolution. The intensive release of the "tiger-fighting" information shows the firm will to comprehensively and strictly manage the party to the end.

　　From insisting on fighting corruption and punishing evil with a zero tolerance attitude, to strictly investigating key issues, keeping a close eye on key targets, systematically rectifying key areas, and then insisting on bribery and bribery, punishing new corruption and hidden corruption, and continuing to exert strength in a protracted battle;

　　From the strict investigation of the "four winds" issue, to the key rectification of formalism and bureaucracy, to the insistence on party spirit, party style and party discipline, and the promotion of normalization and long-term work style construction, the "golden business card" is getting brighter and brighter;

　　From focusing on the "big country" to strengthening political supervision, to the first and second rounds of the 20th Central Committee to complete the full coverage of the enterprises in charge, and then to carry out the education and rectification of the national discipline inspection and supervision cadres, all kinds of supervision are multi-pronged;

　　… …

　　Since the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the party has been strictly managed in an all-round way, with the same rhythm, strength and scale, and the sword is always hanging high and shocking.

　　Tightening the "fence" of the system and perfecting the party’s self-revolutionary system — —

　　On December 27th, 2023, the revised "Regulations on Disciplinary Actions in the Communist Party of China (CPC)" was published in full, which was the third revision of this regulation by the CPC Central Committee since the 18th CPC National Congress.

　　Strict political discipline and rules, continuous efforts in full coverage of the whole chain, encouragement and guidance of party member cadres, and promotion of discipline and law enforcement … …

　　As a basic law to regulate the behavior of Party organizations and party member, the revision of the Regulations on Disciplinary Actions of Party Discipline has released a strong signal that the discipline will become stricter in the future.

　　Xiao Zhi governs affairs, and great wisdom governs the system.

　　On January 5, 2024, in the theme square of discussion and consultation in Liuliao Village, Fushi Town, Rong ‘an County, Guangxi, the town, village cadres and villagers were discussing. Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Xiaobang photo

　　From perfecting the system of discipline inspection and supervision laws and regulations, promoting the inner-party laws and regulations to keep pace with the times, to continuously deepening the reform of discipline inspection and supervision system, promoting the standardization, rule of law and regularization of discipline inspection and supervision work, and then continuously improving the supervision system of the party and the state in accordance with the requirements of unified leadership, comprehensive coverage, authority and efficiency of the party … …

　　On October 11, 2023, in Jinsha Village, Hongyao Town, Lianshui County, Huai ‘an City, Jiangsu Province, Zhang Jinchun (middle), a representative of Lianshui County People’s Congress, listened to the opinions and suggestions of party member people on village-level development. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ji Chunpeng photo

　　Since the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party has been strictly managed in an all-round way, the system construction has been steadily advanced, and the system of self-purification, self-improvement, self-innovation and self-improvement has been further improved, providing a solid guarantee for the great self-revolution of the Party.

　　Build a solid ideological foundation and lead the action consciousness with a high degree of ideological consciousness — —

　　In 2023, a "new learning competition" for the Communist Party of China (CPC) people in a new era — — Study and implement the theme education of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and carry it out in-depth throughout the Party.

　　After the theme education was launched, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader went to Beijing for investigation and came to Guangdong. In four days, I traveled thousands of miles from west to east across the land of western Guangdong, went deep into enterprises, ports and rural areas, had cordial exchanges with workers, farmers, entrepreneurs and scientific and technological personnel, and set an example for the whole party with extensive and in-depth research.

　　During the inspection, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Developing theme education is a major task of party building this year. Party organizations at all levels must resolutely implement the work arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, and educate and guide party member and cadres to work hard to build their souls, enhance their wisdom, correct their habits and promote their work. "

　　What kind of inner-party political life there is, what kind of party style and political style there is.

　　The Party’s mass line education and practice activities, the special education of "three strictness and three realities", the study and education of "two studies and one doing", the theme education of "Do not forget your initiative mind, bearing in mind the mission", the study and education of Party history, and the theme education of studying and implementing the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era … … Centralized education and regular education within the Party have been carried out in succession, which will supplement calcium and strengthen bones for the cadres in party member.

　　From carrying out warning education, doing a good job in promoting the correction of the "second half of the article" by cases, to strengthening the construction of a clean culture, strengthening the consciousness of not wanting to rot by self-cultivation, and then strengthening the education of ideals and beliefs to stand up the spiritual backbone of communist party people … … Since the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party has been strictly managed in an all-round way, and a series of measures have been taken to strengthen the foundation and build the soul, constantly refining the sharp ideological weapons of self-revolution.

　　Evergreen way, you win by yourself.

　　As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Looking around the world, no political party can take its own construction seriously like the Communist Party of China (CPC), and promote its self-revolution in a scientific and systematic way with such a high degree of consciousness. This is the remarkable advantage of our party and the winning way to lead the times."

　　In the new era, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people are conscientious and persistent, pushing forward the practical innovation, theoretical innovation and system innovation of managing the party, and pushing the century-old Party to be quenched into steel in revolutionary forging, which gives more vitality and forms the unique advantages of the rule of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the rule of China.

　　Start a new journey — — "The only way to take a new road to catch the exam"

　　On December 26th, 2023, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a symposium to commemorate the 130th anniversary of Comrade Mao Zedong’s birth in the Great Hall of the People.

　　"Chinese-style modernization is a socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China (CPC). Only by always being sober and firm in solving the unique problems of the big party and building the party stronger can we ensure that Chinese-style modernization will be stable and far-reaching." The important speech of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader shows the far-reaching significance of consistently promoting the comprehensive and strict administration of the party on the new journey.

　　Chinese-style modernization is the largest modernization in human history and an unprecedented great cause. The arduous and heavy system engineering can never be realized easily and with gongs and drums.

　　On the way forward, there are both infinite scenery and flying clouds.

　　Looking around the country, economic recovery faces heavy tasks, cyclical and structural contradictions overlap, and there are still many deep-seated contradictions in reform, development and stability;

　　Looking around the world, the changes of the world, the times and the history are unfolding in an unprecedented way, and the world has entered a new period of turbulence and change;

　　Looking at ourselves, the Party’s construction, especially the building of a clean and honest party style and the struggle against corruption, faces many intractable and frequent problems, and the "four major tests" and "four dangers" the Party faces will exist for a long time … …

　　He who hits the hardest iron must be an iron man. Strictly administering the party in an all-round way is the only way for the party to maintain its vitality and take a good new road to catch the exam.

　　To continue to promote the Party’s self-revolution in the new journey, we must always adhere to the fundamental political direction, uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership, persist in taking the Party’s political construction as the guide, and push the whole Party to more deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments", strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences" and achieve the "two safeguards", and unite into a "hard steel" under the banner of the Party, with one heart and one mind.

　　Strictly administering the party in an all-round way and starting a new course, giving full play to the role of political guidance and political guarantee — —

　　"We will continue to intensify the punishment of corruption in the field of grain purchase and sale, and carry out a bottom-cleaning type for clues about grain-related problems ‘ Look back ’ " "Investigate deeply ‘ Shadow shareholder ’ ‘ Shadow company ’ ‘ National skin and people’s bones ’ And related party transactions, withdrawal of funds, transfer of benefits and other cases "… …

　　In the beginning of 2023, the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection issued the "Opinions on Deepening the Special Remediation of Corruption in the Field of Grain Purchase and Sale" to mobilize and redeploy the special rectification of corruption in the field of grain purchase and sale.

　　Since 2023, from the financial system and state-owned enterprises to sports and medical care, anti-corruption in key areas and key links has been deepened, escorting high-quality economic and social development.

　　To continue to promote the Party’s self-revolution in the new journey, we must closely focus on the biggest politics of promoting Chinese modernization, closely focus on the primary task of high-quality development, focus on the outstanding problems that restrict high-quality development, focus on the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, improve the supervision system, and promote new progress and breakthroughs in Chinese modernization with the new atmosphere and new actions of managing the party.

　　Strictly administering the party in an all-round way and starting a new course, inspiring the struggle force of seeking truth and being pragmatic and taking responsibility — —

　　"We must implement it to the letter and ensure that the final effect conforms to the decision-making intention of the CPC Central Committee. We must resolutely implement it and make overall plans to grasp the timeliness and effectiveness. We must be realistic and pragmatic, and resolutely correct formalism and bureaucracy. We must dare to do good deeds, adhere to the correct orientation of employing people, and give full play to the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of leading cadres at all levels. " At the Central Economic Work Conference in 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized the "Four Grasps to Implement" hit the floor.

　　The key to the success of China lies in the Party and the people.

　　From the accurate use of "four forms", adhere to "three distinctions", better stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the broad masses of party member cadres; We will continue to rectify formalism and bureaucracy, severely correct problems such as Wenshan meeting the sea, overweight at different levels, and excessive traces, so as to reduce the burden on the grassroots; Then adhere to the correct orientation of employing people, do a good job in the selection and training of outstanding young cadres, and strive to build a high-quality cadre team worthy of the heavy responsibility of national rejuvenation … …

　　To continue to promote the Party’s self-revolution in the new journey, we must adhere to the combination of strict management and love, and pay equal attention to encouragement and restraint, and push the broad masses of party member cadres to take an active role with more firm ideals and beliefs, more excellent ability and quality, more strict discipline style and more full spirit, and constantly form a strong atmosphere and vivid situation for forging ahead in a new journey and building a new era.

　　Strictly administering the party in an all-round way and starting a new course, and always standing firm on the fundamental position of taking the people as the center — —

　　"In the first half of this year, the country investigated and dealt with more than 36,000 unhealthy practices and corruption problems in the field of people’s livelihood, and criticized education to help and deal with more than 52,000 people." In August 2023, this data published on the website of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection aroused widespread concern in society.

　　"The times are the writers, we are the respondents, and the people are the reviewers."

　　From severely punishing the "flies and ants" who eat the interests of the masses, resolutely investigate and deal with corruption problems around the masses in the fields of employment and entrepreneurship, education and medical care, and old-age social security; Go to the Central Office and the State Council to issue the "Implementation Measures for the Responsibility System for Rural Revitalization", and compact the five-level secretary to grasp the responsibility for rural revitalization. The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection issued an opinion requesting to vigorously rectify unhealthy practices and corruption in the field of rural revitalization; Then, to promote the implementation of grass-roots supervision, smooth the channels of mass supervision, and standardize the operation of grass-roots power … …

　　To continue to promote the Party’s self-revolution in the new journey, we must conform to the thoughts, worries and hopes of the masses, constantly win the trust of the people with the new achievements of strictly administering the Party in an all-round way, build the ruling foundation of the Party, and ensure that the Party always wins the historical initiative of maintaining flesh-and-blood ties with the people and the people’s wholehearted support, which has always become the most reliable backbone of all people.

　　On October 8, 2023, in Jiangmen Village, Anhuang Township, Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province, Yang Ning (left), secretary of the General Party Branch of Jiangmen Village and director of the village committee, and his colleagues were preparing for the live broadcast in the rural revitalization live broadcast room. Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Xiaobang photo

　　Wind and rain travel hard to catch the test road, and beat the drums to urge the levy to start again.

　　Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we will constantly push forward the comprehensive and strict administration of the party, deepen the new great project of party building in the new era, persist in leading the great social revolution with great self-revolution, and promote the great self-revolution with great social revolution. In the new era, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people will surely hand over new and more excellent papers on the road of catching the exam!

　　Text reporters: Zhu Jichai, Sun Shaolong, Gao Lei

1905 movie network news Recently, a concept poster was released by a film directed by Lee Dong Wook and Park Jung min. The film is being filmed in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, and will be finished in March 2023.

The film director Yu Minhao once directed The Insider, which tells the story of independence fighters who fought desperately to find their motherland taken away by the Japanese Empire in Harbin in 1909.

Hyun Bin will play the role of Lieutenant General An Zhonggen, the chief of staff of the Korean Army; Park Jung min will play the role of Yu Deshun, an independent fighter who considers the country before leaving his name; Zhao Youzhen will play the role of Jin Shangxian, an independent fighter who works hard with An Zhonggen (Hyun Bin) to find the lost motherland; Quan Yudun will play the role of Mrs. Kong, the independent army; Liu Zaiming will play Cui Zaiheng, the assistant of An Zhonggen’s righteous man; and Park Xun will play Morita Xiong of the Japanese Empire.

　　At present, Delta mutant strain has become the most important epidemic strain in COVID-19 in the world, and the recent outbreaks in many places in China are also closely related to this mutant strain. What are the characteristics of Delta mutant strain? What is its communication ability? Recently, the authoritative experts of the National Health and Wellness Commission gave an answer.

　　Delta mutant strain was first found in COVID-19 cases reported by Indian in September, 2020. On May 10th this year, the World Health Organization announced that Delta mutant strain would be included in Covid-19 mutant strain that needs global attention. At present, the mutant strain has been prevalent in more than 130 countries and regions, and it has become the main strain in the global COVID-19 pandemic. Delta mutant strain has the characteristics of fast transmission, fast replication in vivo and long negative conversion time.

　　Feng Zijian, a researcher at the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that the Delta mutant strain did not lead to subversive changes in the biological characteristics of Covid-19, and it was still spread through respiratory droplets and contact with pollutants. In addition, indoor and poorly ventilated narrow spaces can also form air transmission, or aerosol transmission. Fine particles of respiratory secretions can hover in the air, and inhalation by others can cause infection. Even if the person who discharges the virus leaves this space, there will still be viruses in the air for a certain period of time.

　　The existing epidemic prevention and control measures, including wearing masks, washing hands frequently, keeping social distance and avoiding crowd gathering, are still effective for Delta mutant strain. However, due to its increasing infectivity, these measures should be implemented more strictly and seriously. The existing vaccines still have good preventive and protective effects, which can reduce the risk of virus transmission in the population, reduce the transmission power of infected people, and effectively reduce the incidence of severe illness and mortality after infection.

　　Personal epidemic prevention and control, do a good job of one prevention, two reductions and three reports.

　　Everyone should be the first person responsible for health, especially in the event of an epidemic, we should further improve our awareness of prevention and protect our health. Let’s take a look at the experts’ suggestions on personal epidemic prevention and control.

　　He Qinghua, a first-class inspector of National Health Commission CDC, said that the public should report one prevention, two reductions and three reductions in response to epidemic prevention and control.

　　"Prevention" means to continue to do personal protection, adhere to hygiene habits such as wearing masks, washing hands frequently, and eating rice noodles, reduce gathering, actively cooperate with the implementation of various epidemic prevention measures, and take the initiative to vaccinate.

　　"Reduction" refers to reducing cross-provincial and cross-city travel and suspending travel. If it is really necessary to travel, you should arrange your trip reasonably and do personal protection to avoid the risk of travel infection. In high-risk areas, personnel flow should be strictly restricted.

　　"Report" refers to timely reporting of abnormal situations, actively paying attention to the information of epidemic risk areas and risk places, and information released by the government and local governments, involving people who have been investigated or who have been to high-risk areas, and actively reporting suspicious contact history and residence history to the local villages, communities, units and hotels.

　　In addition, we should actively cooperate with the prevention and control measures such as nucleic acid detection, isolation control and health monitoring. If you have symptoms such as cough, fever, sore throat, fatigue, diarrhea, etc., you should go to the fever clinic for screening and diagnosis immediately under the condition of personal protection. During the treatment, don’t take public transportation, and don’t get together in crowded places.

　　Community prevention and control should be classified management.

　　With the resurgence of epidemics in various parts of China, some areas where epidemics have occurred have taken stricter community prevention and control measures. How can community prevention and control play the role of the first line of defense and control the risk increment? The expert gave advice.

　　He Qinghua, the first-class inspector of National Health Commission CDC, said that community prevention and control should be classified, and closed management should be implemented immediately for communities with positive cases, and infected people should be immediately transferred to designated medical institutions for centralized treatment. Close contacts, secondary close contacts and all personnel in the unit where positive cases are located should take centralized isolation measures and do a good job in disinfection evaluation of the environment.

　　All residents in the closed community should stay indoors, be isolated at home, do a good job in life service guarantee, implement health monitoring, nucleic acid detection and medical service guarantee, and strictly do a good job in the recovery and transshipment of domestic garbage.

　　For the non-closed communities where the epidemic occurred, it is necessary to strengthen the control of foreign personnel, and implement measures to prevent and control the normalized epidemic, such as temperature measurement, code inspection and wearing masks.

　　For patients who go to primary medical institutions, it is necessary to standardize the pre-examination and triage, and strengthen the investigation of high-risk positions and the history of residence in high-risk areas. (CCTV reporter Wang Chen)

　　Zhongxin. com, Hangzhou, February 7 (Zhang Yuhuan, Zhang Yudi) On the 7 th, the first day of rework after the Spring Festival holiday, the rain and snow in the Yangtze River Delta region "went to work". The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a blue warning of blizzard. It is estimated that there will be heavy snow in parts of central and southern Anhui, southern Jiangsu and northwestern Zhejiang from 8: 00 on the 7 th to 8: 00 on the 8 th, and there will be heavy snow in the local area. On the morning of the 7th, orange or yellow warning of blizzard has been issued in many places in the Yangtze River Delta. Affected by rain and snow, some highway sections in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other places were closed or controlled.

　　From the evening of the 6th, sleet or snow appeared in some mountainous areas and plains in Huzhou, Hangzhou and other places in Zhejiang, among which heavy snowstorms appeared in some mountainous areas in the northwest. On the morning of the 7th, the downtown area of Hangzhou was also in a state of whiteness. Tourists from the West Lake held umbrellas to take photos at the Broken Bridge, Su Causeway and other scenic spots, and roads and eaves were also covered with a layer of "snow roof".

　　According to the Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory, as of 11: 00 on the 7th, the accumulated snow depth at a single station was 44 cm in Yunshang Grassland, Anji, Huzhou, and 40 cm in Laodian, Lin ‘an District, Hangzhou and Longtangshan, Lin ‘an District. Yuhang in the province issued an orange warning of blizzard, and Tonglu, Anji, Deqing, Huzhou and Lin’ an issued a yellow warning of blizzard.

　　According to meteorologists, due to the low temperature in the early stage, although the intensity of cold air was not strong and the temperature conditions barely reached the snowfall conditions, due to the sufficient water vapor, the amount of sleet and wet snow was relatively large and evenly distributed, and at the same time, the temperature near the ground dropped to nearly 0℃, thus producing rare snow in some urban areas in northern Zhejiang.

　　According to the Central Meteorological Observatory, as the precipitation area continued to move eastward on the 7 th, there were small to medium snow or sleet in parts of Jiangsu, Anhui and northern Jiangnan, including parts of central and southern Anhui, southern Jiangsu and northwestern Zhejiang. There are heavy blizzards.

　　In terms of temperature, the highest temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is only about 5℃ for three consecutive days from the 7th. For example, the highest temperature in Hefei, Anhui Province and Nanjing, Jiangsu Province on the 7th is only 1℃, and the lowest temperature is below freezing point, so the feeling of wet and cold will run through the whole day. In the coming week, due to the continuous rain and snow, the temperature in most parts of the south is difficult to improve, and the wet and cold will continue.

　　Affected by rain and snow, some highways in Zhejiang were closed, and the Hangzhou-Huizhou Expressway was closed in both directions. Some expressway sections in Jiangsu take control measures such as speed limit and vehicle type restriction. The meteorological department reminded that the large-scale rain and snow weather process coincided with the peak of the Spring Festival return trip, and it was necessary to guard against the adverse effects of road snow, ice and low visibility on traffic travel.

Green is the brightest background for high-quality development, and beautiful ecological environment is people’s expectation for a better life. The government work report clearly pointed out that the green transformation of development mode should be promoted. The broad masses of cadres and people in Gansu Province said that they would thoroughly practice the supreme leader’s thought of ecological civilization, always regard the construction of ecological civilization as a major political task and the bottom line task to promote its implementation, promote the mutual promotion of ecological protection and economic development, and add new green and vitality to the Gansu picture scroll with beautiful mountains and rivers and excellent ecology.

Seize policy opportunities to make the sky bluer, the mountains greener and the water cleaner.

The "happiness index" of people’s life is closely related to the "ecological face value" of green water and green mountains.

On the morning of March 5, the first session of the 14th National People’s Congress held the first "ministerial channel". Huang Runqiu, Minister of Ecology and Environment, said that ten years’ practice shows that the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature embodies the essential difference between Chinese modernization and western modernization.

People who live in Lanzhou all the year round have a particularly real feeling for sky blue, water green and mountain green.

"The ecological environment in Lanzhou is getting better and better!" Zhou Fawei, a 70-year-old "old Lanzhou", said with deep feelings, "The air in Lanzhou is getting better and better, and the water in the Yellow River is also clean. I can see blue sky and white clouds when I look up, and I feel particularly comfortable walking and boxing along the Yellow River every day."

Ge Jiantuan, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and director of the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, said that Gansu Province has always regarded the construction of ecological civilization as a major political task and the bottom line task to promote its implementation. The ecological function of the Yellow River Basin has undergone positive changes, the water conservation function of the Yangtze River Basin has been significantly enhanced, and the ecological protection of Qilian Mountain has achieved great results from chaos to governance. The ecological environmental protection has undergone historic, turning and overall changes, with bluer sky, greener mountains and clearer water, and a stronger ecological security barrier in the western part of the country.

Over the years, Gansu Province has focused on precise pollution control, scientific pollution control and pollution control according to law, formulated implementation opinions on deepening the fight against pollution, and promoted the transformation of environmental pollution prevention from "resolutely doing a good job" to "deeply doing a good job". In the assessment of the central pollution prevention and control campaign, Gansu Province was awarded "excellent" for two consecutive years.

Zhang Ping, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, vice president of Gansu New Social Class People’s Association and director of Lixin Certified Public Accountants Gansu Branch, said that Gansu should seize the policy opportunity, make full use of the geographical advantages of Lanzhou, Lanzhou New District and Baiyin in the zigzag region of the Yellow River, and build a "Hetao Plain in the middle of Gansu", which can not only achieve wind and sand fixation, do a good job in ecological protection, but also lay a good foundation for undertaking industrial transfer in the east.

Promote energy conservation and carbon reduction, and make the road of green development wider and wider.

In recent years, under the guidance of the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", Gansu has been exploring new paths in promoting high-quality economic and social development, and the road to green development has become wider and wider. Focusing on the implementation of major tasks such as ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, ecological environmental protection of Qilian Mountain and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and ecological construction of Lanxi urban agglomeration, we will increase the planning and reserve of eco-environment-oriented development (EOD) model projects, promote participation in carbon emission market transactions, emission trading, etc., and form a development path of "industrial ecologicalization and ecological industrialization" in line with the actual situation of the province.

Qingyang is rich in oil, gas and scenery resources. Oil and gas production has accounted for 1/20 of the national output, and the development of coal and scenery resources is accelerating. "Qingyang will adhere to the green and low-carbon development path, focus on building a 100-million-ton coal production base and a 10-million-kilowatt green and intelligent comprehensive energy base, and make Qingyang contributions to national energy security." Huang Zeyuan, deputy to the National People’s Congress and secretary of Qingyang Municipal Party Committee, said.

At the same time, Gansu strengthened planning policy guidance and continued to promote green, low-carbon and high-quality development. We will further promote carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, strengthen zoning control of ecological environment, actively promote the development of green environmental protection industries, and continuously optimize the business environment.

"Gansu Province has fully completed the assignment and settlement of carbon emission quotas in the first performance cycle of the first batch of 19 power generation enterprises included in the national emission trading market, with a total quota of 15,800 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent paid, and the total transaction volume of participating in the national carbon market reached 4.55 million tons, with a cumulative transaction volume of about 198 million yuan. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the cumulative decline rate of carbon emission intensity in the province reached 35.44%, exceeding the national target task. " Chang Qinchun, director of the Climate Change Division of the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, said.

Last year, with the continuous improvement of ecological environment quality as the core, Gansu continued to promote ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, firmly held the bottom line of ecological environment safety, and jointly promoted high-level ecological environment protection and high-quality economic and social development. Positive progress was made in all aspects of ecological environment protection.

Fulfill the upstream responsibility and make the ecological security barrier in the west stronger.

The government work report pointed out that promoting the green transformation of development mode. Further promote the prevention and control of environmental pollution. We will strengthen the construction of urban and rural environmental infrastructure and continue to implement major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems. Promote clean and efficient utilization of coal and technology research and development, and accelerate the construction of a new energy system. We will improve policies to support green development, develop circular economy, promote resource conservation and intensive utilization, promote energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas, and continue to fight the battle for blue sky, clear water and pure land.

Yang Zhenlin, deputy to the National People’s Congress, member of the Standing Committee of Gannan Prefecture Committee and secretary of Xiahe County Committee, said that he would resolutely build an ecological security barrier, strive to build Gannan into a practical highland to implement the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, take a green development road, and promote the upgrading of agriculture and animal husbandry.

In recent years, Gansu has made great efforts to shoulder the upstream responsibilities and obligations, and further promoted the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Take the lead in launching local legislation on ecological protection and investigating the pollution situation in the Yellow River basin, complete the investigation of sewage outlets in important branches and tributaries of the Yellow River basin, and establish a basic database of ecological environment. Signed cooperation agreements with Shaanxi, Ningxia, Qinghai and Inner Mongolia for joint prevention, control and treatment of rivers. Promote the ecological construction of Lanxi urban agglomeration. The excellent proportion of water quality in 41 national examination sections along the Yellow River Basin reached 92.68%, and the water quality in the exit section of the main stream reached Grade II for seven consecutive years. "The Yellow River is also beautiful" has become a beautiful business card.

The majestic Qilian Mountains, stretching for thousands of miles, gave birth to glaciers, rivers, grasslands and wetlands, and raised one side of the people. In recent years, Gansu has firmly grasped the great political responsibility of ecological protection in Qilian Mountain, and rectified and restored the ecology of Qilian Mountain with the determination of a strong man to break his wrist. After several years’ efforts, the human activities in Qilian Mountain have obviously decreased, the number of wild animals and plants has obviously increased, the water conservation capacity has been continuously improved, and the original features have been gradually restored.

"Zhangye City has built a good ecological security barrier in the western part of the country, so that green waters and green mountains are always there, and the beautiful Qilian Mountain shows a new picture of harmonious coexistence between man and nature." Guo Jianping, director of Zhangye Ecological Environment Bureau, said.

At the same time, Gansu continued to promote the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, fields, lakes, grass and sand, actively explored the path of transforming green mountains and green hills into Jinshan Yinshan, and accelerated the pace of construction of nature reserves with national parks as the main body. Strictly abide by the red line of cultivated land, consolidate the foundation of food security, strengthen the guarantee of factors, support the construction of major projects in the province, promote exploration and development, and cultivate the kinetic energy of economic growth, which provides a solid natural resource guarantee for building an ecological security barrier and green and high-quality development in the west.

Environment is people’s livelihood, green hills are beautiful, and blue sky is also happiness. Gansu will firmly establish the concept of Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, coordinate industrial structure adjustment, pollution control, ecological protection, respond to climate change, and jointly promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, greening and growth, promote high-quality economic and social development with high-level protection of ecological environment, promote comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, guard the ecological security barrier in the western part of the country, and strive to promote the construction of beautiful Gansu where man and nature coexist harmoniously.

Although the upheaval in the Middle East continues, the "Arab Spring", which was full of passion and optimism, has been gradually replaced by pessimism, suspicion and anger, and even has the saying of "Arab Autumn" or "Arab Winter". It starts with a bang and ends with a scribble, which is a true portrayal of the chaos in the Middle East in the past year.

On December 17th, 2010, the self-immolation of a hawker in Tunisia triggered a "butterfly effect", which not only caused Ben Ali, who had been in power for 23 years, to step down, but also triggered an unprecedented political turmoil throughout West Asia and North Africa. Almost all Arab countries were involved in it, and several strongmen’s regimes that had been in power for decades were overthrown, and the turmoil has not been completely settled. So far, this vigorous political upheaval has been going on for a whole year, and people are still full of doubts about the related issues related to the upheaval in the Middle East, so it is necessary to make a comprehensive inventory.

The political ecology in the Middle East is beyond recognition, and different types of countries face different situations.

After experiencing the "Arab turmoil" like big waves, the political ecology in the Middle East has changed beyond recognition: Tunisia, Egypt, Yemen, Libya and other countries have changed their dynasties, the Syrian Bashar regime is facing an unprecedented severe test, and the Gulf monarchy represented by Saudi Arabia is temporarily safe and sound. In countries where political upheaval has taken place, the intensity and intensity of the turmoil are also different: there has been no major bloodshed in the alternation of political power in Egypt, Tunisia and other countries; The regime change in Libya, Syria, Yemen and other countries has evolved into a full-scale armed conflict with heavy weapons, highlighting the true nature of jungle politics.

This raises a question, which type of country is most prone to turmoil, and what causes such a huge difference in the way of regime change? According to people’s general understanding, the more advanced the regime, the more stable the political situation should be. The Republic is obviously more advanced than the monarchy, so according to this logic, the former should be more stable than the latter. However, the reality of the turmoil in the Middle East is just the opposite. Up to now, the regime in the Middle East has basically collapsed or suffered a serious crisis, while Jordan and the Gulf monarchies, which implemented the traditional monarchy and were the least optimistic in advance, have survived safely to this day. Some people think that this is related to the wealth of the country, but this cannot explain why Libya, which is also a rich country, has political turmoil and even regime change, while the Gulf countries can survive; The same poor countries, why Egypt and Yemen are in serious turmoil, while Jordan is safe and sound. Therefore, it is obviously not enough to simply explain the turmoil in the Middle East from the perspective of people’s livelihood.

Which countries in the Middle East are more prone to turmoil is directly related to their internal social and political structures. On the surface, the regimes in the Middle East countries are divided into two categories: republic and monarchy, but there is not much difference between the two regimes in terms of actual governance. If we can see the essence through the phenomenon, we can find that there are actually three types of political ruling structures in Middle East countries, and the degree of turmoil in Middle East countries is directly related to this.

The first type is the isomorphic elite rule mode in which a few elites rule the majority of the people, such as Egypt and Tunisia.

Tribes/sects in such countries are not strong in color, and there is no difference between those in power and their powerful state departments and the people on the issue of identity and ownership. Therefore, the contradiction between those in power and the people in such countries is mainly class contradiction, and the nature of regime change in such countries is relatively simple. Although the confrontation is fierce, it is not a "zero-sum game" to the death. For example, after Egypt’s Mubarak mobilized troops to enter Cairo’s Tahrir Square, the protesters welcomed the troops, and the troops refused to shoot at the people. Mubarak felt that the general situation was over and took the initiative to resign, so that the regime change in the country was completed in a bloodless way. At the same time, the Republican system of government in these countries determines that the highest power of the country belongs to the state apparatus, and both those in power and the people recognize the fact that "family inheritance" is illegal from the bottom of their hearts, so such attempts by those in power can only be half-covered and half-covered, and they are often pushed down.

The second type is the alien elite rule mode in which minority tribes and sects are in power, such as Libya, Syria, Yemen and Iraq before.

The consciousness of tribes or sects in these countries is quite distinct, most of the people in power belong to a certain tribe or sect, and most of the members of their power core circle come from the same tribe or sect, and the policy of governance also gives priority to the interests of their own tribes and sects. For example, there are hundreds of tribes in Libya, and Gaddafi’s elite armed forces and even personal guards all come from their own Kadafa tribe, and the oil interests are mainly tilted towards this tribe. There are about 200 tribes in Yemen, mainly divided into four tribal alliances. Saleh has been able to sit on the presidency for more than 30 years precisely because he comes from the most powerful "Hashed" tribal alliance in Yemen.

This specific social and political structure makes those in power form a "concentric circle" sectarian tradition and the rules of the game. They are endlessly and unconditionally loyal to their own people, but have no sympathy for people and regions outside the tribe. They regard other tribes as their legitimate victims and can plunder or kill them at will. Reflected in real politics, it is that those in power tend to take high-handed measures against the opposition, rather than sit down and negotiate on an equal footing. In their minds, if the opposition is not suppressed, people will think that he is weak and will lose respect. This tribal opposition and violent tendency can well explain why seemingly normal political protests in these countries have rapidly evolved into deadly violent confrontation.

The third is the traditional elite rule mode, mainly hereditary monarchy countries, such as Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Morocco.

In terms of political structure, the rulers of these countries include all kinds of elites in traditional society. For example, Saudi Arabia is a political marriage between the Saudi royal family and Wahhabi Sect, and its members hold important positions in various government agencies, which makes the government have strong executive power. From the perspective of economic structure, most of these countries are rich oil-producing countries, and the source of their wealth is underground resources instead of taxing the people. On the contrary, the government has to provide various benefits to the people, thus forming a kind of "asylum system" rule. As the saying goes, "no taxes, no representation", the people do not have much confidence to demand more political rights. In addition, the founding of such countries is originally a "family rule" and hereditary rule. Therefore, if people want to rise up against such regimes, they often face the double obstacles of legalism and orthodoxy. In addition, these countries "turned over a new leaf" after this round of Middle East wave, vigorously promoted reforms, and even eased the antagonism of the domestic people.

To some extent, it is precisely because of the differences in social and political structure that different types of countries in the Middle East show different viability in the "Arab turmoil".

From "Arab Spring" to "Arab Autumn": Impact Assessment of Current Middle East Turbulence

Turbulence is widespread in the Middle East countries, which is largely due to the accumulation of internal disadvantages, and has reached the point where it is necessary to change. Therefore, the "Arab turmoil tide" is not only a strong resistance to the status quo, but also an element of exploring new ways for national prosperity. In this sense, this "Arab turmoil" can indeed be called the "Arab Spring".

However, over the past year or so of turmoil in the Middle East, the effect of this kind of political exploration is obviously not satisfactory. From an economic point of view, the turmoil in the Middle East has aggravated the economic recession of these countries and may lead them into a vicious circle. According to the report released by the International Monetary Fund in October, the drastic changes in the Middle East have caused at least $55 billion in economic losses to the affected countries. Among them, Libya and Syria were the hardest hit, followed by Egypt, Tunisia, Bahrain and Yemen. The GDP of these countries has decreased by at least $20.6 billion, and the fiscal balance has deteriorated. Libya suffered the most, and the country’s economic activities basically stopped, with a GDP loss of $7.7 billion and a national financial loss of $6.5 billion. In Egypt, public expenditure increased to $5.5 billion in the first nine months of 2011, while fiscal revenue decreased by $75 million. In Yemen, riots caused losses of $858 million to government finances. In Tunisia, 80% of enterprises in the country were hit by the turmoil, which led to a sharp rise in the number of unemployed people, and now it has exceeded 700,000. At the same time, prices in the country have soared and some necessities are in short supply. The economies of Tunisia, Egypt and other countries are very dependent on tourism, and the domestic political turmoil has made many tourist attractions inaccessible, which has made the economic situation worse.

In the political field, although many countries have completed regime change, the political situation is still a mess. In Tunisia, statistics show that since March this year, there have been an average of 110 to 150 demonstrations or sit-ins and 150 to 180 traffic blocking incidents nationwide. After the completion of the parliamentary election in October 2011, the power struggle among political parties became increasingly fierce, which forced the parliament, which was sworn in shortly, to adjourn. In Libya, armed forces of different factions stationed in the capital Tripoli have clashed from time to time. In Womis, southwest of Tripoli, since December 10th, the local armed forces of Zintan and the local Mashashiya tribe have exchanged fire for three consecutive days. On December 10, the convoy of the chief of staff of the Transitional Government Army was attacked in Tripoli, and some officials accused Zintan militants of trying to "assassinate". On December 12th, the largest demonstration broke out in Benghazi after Gaddafi’s downfall. Tens of thousands of people took to the streets and shouted slogans such as "The revolution started in Benghazi and resolutely defended the fruits of the revolution" to express their strong dissatisfaction, indignation and disappointment with the "Transitional Committee". In Egypt, since the military took over the state power, domestic demonstrations still broke out frequently, resulting in casualties. Protesters, represented by youth organizations, demanded that the military hand over power as soon as possible, and held demonstrations several times to brew a "second revolution."

Middle East countries are in a "painful period" of breaking the old and establishing the new.

Middle East countries are still in chaos, partly because these countries are in a "painful period" of breaking the old and establishing the new, and it takes time and patience to return to normal. But the more important reason is that the medicine is not symptomatic. Arab countries are suffering from a "decline syndrome". Lebanese scholar Antoine Mesala once said, "There is no Arab regime that has a serious minority problem and a serious majority problem". According to the author’s understanding, the so-called minority problem is actually due to the lack of democracy and freedom (specifically, the lack of "freedom" rather than "democracy"), resulting in the neglect of the legitimate rights and interests of the minority; The so-called majority problem is actually that a few powerful people oppress and extract the majority people, which leads to polarization between the rich and the poor, rampant corruption and increasingly prominent class contradictions. At present, the Arab people are protesting, mainly because they have not solved the "majority problem". Therefore, in order to get the country out of the predicament and get on the right track, we should first strengthen the "people’s nature" of the political power. In other words, the key to measure the success of a revolution is not what kind of regime is implemented, but which class will come to power in the future and what kind of ideology will be implemented, that is, "what flag to raise and what road to take."

However, after the current Arab upheaval, for various reasons, the successor obviously did not seriously think about these core issues. Moreover, because the Arab people are tired of the strongman politics that has been maintained for many years, just as the pendulum will inevitably move in the opposite direction after moving in one direction, the political transformation in the Middle East is developing towards decentralization and democratization. Indeed, Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and other countries have made political reconstruction schedules and started the process of "political democratization" after completing the "regime change". But obviously, democratization will not automatically solve the "majority problem" of the country.

In fact, as early as the 1920s, some Arab countries (such as Egypt and Jordan) had established parliamentary democracy to varying degrees (this period was called the "free Arab period"). But it turns out that this system can’t solve all kinds of deep-seated problems facing the country. These democracies, which are talked about by some people, are actually a huge "tofu dregs project". In fact, no country in the third world has achieved national prosperity by first realizing democratization. On the contrary, many countries have lost their effectiveness and have to rely on external powers after implementing democratization. Based on this, it is not difficult to understand why most Arab countries pursued military/strongman politics during the most prestigious period in the world in the 1950s and 1960s. Therefore, hastily starting democratization will only lead this magnificent political movement astray.

From a practical point of view, the final result of this democratization movement of "only asking for votes, not asking for opinions" is to make the political Islamic forces that have been dormant for many years become the biggest beneficiaries. In Tunisia, the Baath Movement Party won 89 of the 217 seats in the Constituent Assembly election on October 23, 2011, becoming the largest party in the Constituent Assembly; In the first stage of Egypt’s elections, Islamic parties, mainly the Freedom and Justice Party of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Bright Party of the Salafist faction, won more than 60% of the votes, while the secular Egyptian League and the veteran Waffle Party only won 20% of the votes; Morocco’s House of Representatives held an early general election on November 25th, and the moderate Islamic party Justice and Development Party won 107 of the 395 seats, far ahead of other political parties. When the Libyan transitional government was established on November 24th, its leaders also indicated that Islam would be the legislative basis in the future.

The reason why Islamic forces can gain power is not that they represent some advanced productive forces or advanced culture, but largely because these countries have practiced high-handed rule for many years and there is no political opposition in the modern sense, thus enabling religious forces like the Muslim Brotherhood to accumulate strength and grow stronger. Are these Islamic forces capable of leading the country out of the predicament? From the perspective of class attributes, although the Muslim Brotherhood claims to represent the middle and lower classes, its top level is almost all billionaires, so it is doubtful whether its future policies can truly represent the lower classes. From the ideological point of view, its leading ideology is Islamic doctrine, but it is difficult to provide effective guiding principles for national modernization; From a historical perspective, these political Islamic forces have always played the role of "opponents", and it is doubtful whether they can lead the country out of the predicament and embark on the road of prosperity. Therefore, although the democratization of these countries is in full swing, people in Egypt and other countries continue to protest and try to carry out the "second revolution". Obviously, they are dissatisfied with this solution and try to find a new way to break through.

Western intervention has changed the nature of the "Arab turmoil" and the road to Arab revival has become more difficult.

The turmoil in the Middle East was originally an endogenous turmoil, which was mainly caused by internal factors, and the focus of public protests was mainly aimed at domestic authorities. However, because most of the countries in turmoil are pro-Western countries, the turmoil in the Middle East has greatly impacted the vested interests of the West that have been maintained in the Middle East for many years. After a short period of hesitation and vacillation, western countries began to take the opportunity to reshape the Middle East order, turn unfavorable factors into favorable ones, and safeguard their own interests to the maximum extent. Obviously, the western intervention in the Middle East obviously pursues "multiple standards": trying to protect the current regime in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries, encouraging and conniving the government to suppress popular protests; For Egypt, Tunisia, Yemen and other countries that are in serious turmoil and the situation is difficult to clean up, they will make use of the situation and try to bring their future trends into the western track; For Libya, Syria, Iran and other countries that are anti-western or have a bad relationship with the West, it will add fuel to the flames and even directly carry out military strikes. However, the external interference by the west for selfish purposes has made the regional situation more complicated.

In particular, the Libyan war launched by NATO in March 2011 marked the beginning of the political struggle in the Middle East and entered a new stage of western military intervention and forced shaping of the regional pattern. On the surface, the war was authorized by the United Nations. In fact, it not only ignored the spirit of regional organizations in Resolution 1973, but also exceeded the stipulation that Resolution 1973 only authorized the establishment of a "no-fly zone". NATO claimed to "prevent a humanitarian disaster", but before Libya’s war, there were only a few hundred casualties in internal conflicts, and the situation has basically subsided. The indiscriminate bombing and the expansion of the war in the West caused more than 30,000 deaths and more than 50,000 injuries in Libya, and a large number of basic facilities were destroyed. Therefore, it is essentially an unjust war. The internal contradictions in Libya were far from the need to change the dynasty, but the western military intervention forcibly changed the original political process of the country, which plunged Libya from a stable and rich country with the highest living standard in Africa into chaos. The political situation in Libya in the post-Gaddafi era is likely to become a vassal of the West and a bridgehead for advancing into Africa.

What is particularly lamentable is that such an unjust war of the West against Arab countries has actually been actively endorsed by many Arab countries, and even directly participated in the "encirclement" of the Qaddafi regime. We should know that if the Arab world wants to achieve national rejuvenation and get rid of the vicious circle, it is the basic premise to achieve internal Arab unity. The performance of most Arab countries in the Libyan war shows that the Arab world is getting farther and farther away from realizing the dream of national rejuvenation. This seemingly massive upheaval in the Middle East will not make the countries in the region truly embark on the road of revival, but will still be the victims of the politics of western powers. Facts also show that after the successful intervention in Libya, the appetite and confidence of the West to transplant the "Libya model" in the region doubled. Therefore, just after the end of the Libyan war, the West began to step up pressure on Syria and Iran, which made the situation in Syria and Iraq increasingly tense. Syria is located in the heart of the Arab world, and once its situation gets out of control, it is likely to cause unexpected turmoil throughout the Middle East.

Sow the dragon seeds, but reap the fleas. The turbulent upheaval in the Middle East was originally a progressive movement with civil rights, people’s livelihood and nationality as its main demands, but the nature of this "Middle East Wave" has become increasingly stale due to the combined effects of various negative factors inside and outside. Although the upheaval in the Middle East continues, the "Arab Spring", which was full of passion and optimism, has been gradually replaced by pessimism, suspicion and anger, and even has the saying of "Arab Autumn" or "Arab Winter". It starts with a bang and ends with a scribble, which is a true portrayal of the chaos in the Middle East in the past year.