"One shot of HPV vaccine can effectively prevent cervical cancer, which is equivalent to two or three shots." This is the latest suggestion from the Advisory Expert Group on Immunization Strategy (SAGE) of the World Health Organization (WHO).

As a female malignant tumor, the incidence rate is second only to that of breast cancer. Cervical cancer is the only cancer with clear etiology-HPV-induced lesion. It is also the only cancer that human beings can prevent at present-vaccination with HPV vaccine.

However, due to low production capacity and insufficient supply, many people have not been vaccinated with this vaccine so far. # I am anxious about producing HPV vaccine # The topic that HPV vaccine is hard to find has repeatedly become a hot search.

SAGE’s latest assessment can change this situation?

What does it mean that HPV vaccine is effective with one shot?

At present, there are five HPV vaccines approved for marketing in the world, all of which need 2 or 3 injections. The suggestion that one shot is enough representsUnder the premise of constant production capacity, the vaccination speed of HPV vaccine will be more than twice as fast as it is now.

However, SAGE’s suggestion is not the final conclusion. WHO said that before the formal revision of the position paper on HPV vaccine, a meeting will be held to discuss the interests.

Even if the WHO revised the vaccination program recommendations in the future and adopted them in China, it will take a long time.According to the policy of National Medical Products Administration, if the vaccine needs to be changed, it needs to perform a series of clinical data support to ensure that the vaccine is effective for the local population in China. This process is often calculated in years.

Moreover, although studies have shown that the protective effect of single-dose HPV vaccine is really good, so far, single-dose HPV vaccine still lacks the support of clinical data. SAGE would make such a "quick" suggestion, considering the current situation that HPV vaccine is out of stock. Nothemba (Nono) Simelela, Assistant Director-General of WHO, said: "This single-dose proposal is likely to enable us to achieve the goal of eliminating cervical cancer faster."

WHO in the "global strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer" proposed cancer eradication methods are:By 2030, 90% of girls will be vaccinated with HPV before the age of 15. However, due to the shortage of vaccines, this figure will reach 13% in 2020.

China also faces similar problems.

According to the estimation of Song Yifan and others from the Immunization Planning Center of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, since GlaxoSmithKline became the first HPV vaccine approved for marketing in China in July 2016,By the end of 2020, the HPV vaccination rate of school-age women in China will be 2.24%.Although the vaccination rates in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities are among the highest in China, they only reach 7% and 8%.

It took only a few short years for COVID-19 vaccine to go from research and development to marketing to mass inoculation. Compared with this, the vaccination rate of HPV vaccine has grown slowly. Why? The answer is that production capacity can’t keep up.

Although the history of HPV vaccine research and development has been more than 30 years,But today, only four vaccine manufacturers in the world are producing HPV vaccines.Moreover, before Wan Tai Bio and watson biological’s domestic bivalent vaccines went on the market, for a long time, the whole world relied on GlaxoSmithKline and Merck to provide vaccines.

As the only four-valent and nine-valent HPV vaccine supplier in the world at present, Merck promised in early 2022 to substantially increase the supply of HPV vaccine to China. However, compared with hundreds of millions of school-age women in China, the supply that Merck can increase is still "a drop in the bucket".

And it may be China vaccine enterprises that can finally solve this supply and demand problem.

Domestic HPV vaccine, production capacity soared

On the last day of 2019, Xinkening, a bivalent domestic HPV vaccine developed by Wan Tai Biotech, was approved for marketing, with a price of 329 yuan/needle, which can be vaccinated by women aged 9 to 45. At that time, sirrah, which was also a bivalent HPV vaccine, needed 580 yuan for one shot and could not be vaccinated under 20 years old.

Cheaper price and wider vaccination age allowed Xinkening to surpass sirrah in the first year of listing.Quickly seized the domestic bivalent HPV vaccine market. By 2021, Wan Tai Bio will issue 10.66 million bivalent HPV vaccines a year.

With the recent listing of the second domestic bivalent HPV vaccine, Wozehui, the shortage of HPV vaccine is expected to be further alleviated. Watson biological, who is responsible for the production of Wozehui, said that "a modern production base with a capacity of 30 million doses of HPV bivalent vaccine has been built".

However, compared with bivalent HPV vaccine, which is more and more easy to get, many people want to get tetravalent or even nine-valent HPV vaccine.

The so-called "price" refers to the number of HPV virus models prevented by vaccines. At present, more than 200 HPV models have been discovered, not all of which will cause cancer.Most cases of cervical cancer are infected with one of 14 high-risk HPV.The bivalent HPV vaccine covers two of the most common, and the nine-valent vaccine covers seven of them and two low-risk HPV.

Because the higher the valence, the more kinds of HPV viruses can be prevented, which makes Jiuvalence the most tight HPV vaccine at present.

How hard is it to grab nine prices? Let’s take a look at Shenzhen, which uses the lottery method to decide the vaccination opportunity: The results of the third phase of the nine-valent HPV vaccine lottery in 2022 show that there are 527,000 applicants in this period, while the index is only 21,000, and the winning rate is only 4%.

This situation is also expected to be solved by domestic vaccines in the future.

At present,At least 14 kinds of HPV vaccines from pharmaceutical companies in China have entered the clinical research stage or been approved in clinical trials, and nearly half of them are 9-valent HPV vaccines.Among them, the fastest-growing nine-valent vaccines have entered the clinical phase III, which means that the domestic nine-valent vaccines are getting closer and closer to the end of the market.

In addition to the nine-valent, higher-priced HPV vaccines have also entered clinical trials. According to the data released by Shenzhou Cell, the tetravalent HPV vaccine they developed covered all 12 high-risk HPV subtypes published by WHO, and the prevention rate of cervical cancer increased from 90% to 96%.

So many companies are scrambling to develop HPV vaccine, which is also related to the profit potential of this market. With a bivalent HPV vaccine, the revenue of Wan Tai Bio’s vaccine business increased by 360.75% in 2021.

The more intense the domestic vaccine "rolls", the higher the chance of ordinary people hitting HPV vaccine in the future.

Price is the key to popularize HPV vaccine.

In addition to increasing the production of HPV vaccine,The entry of domestic vaccines will also bring a significant impact, which is to reduce the price of HPV vaccine.

The single price of Xinkening is 43.3% lower than that of imported bivalent HPV vaccine. Wozehui, which went on the market in March 2022, further reduced the bivalent purchase cost, with a price of 319 yuan each.

SAGE recommended a single dose of HPV vaccine, not only considering the problem of low vaccine productivity, but also considering the high cost of vaccination.

A survey published in China Public Health last December showed that three-quarters of the women interviewed in Guangzhou were willing to take HPV vaccine.But more than 70% of people can’t accept spending more on HPV vaccine than 1000 yuan.

This means that in addition to the domestic bivalent HPV vaccine, the current imported tetravalent and nonavalent vaccines are too expensive for most people.

If you don’t want to wait, the cost will be higher. Because there is a 26-year-old age limit for the 9-valent HPV vaccine in China, many girls are worried that they will not be able to fight at the end of the queue for too long, so they will pay extra money to go to private hospitals to fight at the spot price of 9-valent HPV vaccine, and the final cost is often twice the guiding price.

However, the state that HPV vaccine is rare will not last forever.Zhang Jun, deputy dean of the School of Public Health of Xiamen University, said that the domestic HPV vaccine is expected to be in short supply for about three years, and then the supply will exceed the demand, and the price will drop sharply, and it will enter the era of national immunization planning.

Although the HPV vaccine has not been included in the national immunization program or medical insurance coverage, National Health Commission encourages qualified areas to pilot free vaccination of HPV vaccine first and gradually promote it.

At present, dozens of cities in China have started to pilot free HPV vaccination programs.The target population of primary vaccination is mostly girls around the age of 14.

And this is also the best age for HPV vaccination. Some scholars have analyzed the effect of HPV vaccination in the UK from 2006 to 2019 and found that,The incidence of cervical cancer in women who are vaccinated with HPV vaccine at the age of 12 ~ 13 is 87% lower than that in those who are not vaccinated;Vaccination at the age of 14 ~ 16 reduced the incidence by 62%. At the age of 16 ~ 18, the vaccination rate was only 34% lower.

But missing the best age doesn’t mean it won’t work. And even if you are over 26 years old, you may still be priced at nine in the future. Merck has started the phase III clinical trial of nine-valent HPV vaccine in China, and the suitable age group of nine-valent HPV vaccine is expected to be relaxed to 9-45 years old.

Perhaps, the post-90s generation will be the only generation in China with age anxiety because they can’t get the nine-valent HPV vaccine.

References:

1.WHO-《One-dose Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine offers solid protection against cervical cancer》， https://www.who.int/news/item/11-04-2022-one-dose-human-papillomavirus-(hpv)-vaccine-offers-solid-protection-against-cervical-cancer

2. National Medical Products Administration -HPV vaccine and prevention of cervical cancer, https://www.nmpa.gov.cn/directory/web/nmpa/yaopin/ypjgdt/20190722080001877.html.

3. Song Yifan et al.-Estimated Vaccination Rate of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine for Women Aged 9-45 in China from 2018 to 2020.

4. China News Network-"Multinational enterprises in urgent need of HPV vaccination for Chinese people: will greatly increase supply", https://www.chinanews.com.cn/cj/2022/01-11/9649162.shtml.

5. Beijing News-"After 17 years of research and development, the second domestic HPV vaccine was approved. Will there be a shortage of vaccines in the future?" 》， https://www.bjnews.com.cn/

6. Shenzhen Health and Health Commission-"1564 young ladies won! In March, the results of Shenzhen nine-valent HPV vaccine lottery were released! 》， https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/

7. The Paper-"The world’s first 14-valent HPV vaccine entered the second clinical phase in China. Is it safe after" adding "? 》， https://m.thepaper.cn/

8. Wan Tai Biology-Wan Tai Biology Annual Report 2021

9.Milena Falcaro et al.-The Effects of the National HPV Vaccination Programme in England, UK, on cervical cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence: a register-based observational study》

　　Beijing, April 14th (Reporter Xie Qing) "National security and social stability are the prerequisites for reform and development. Only with national security and social stability can reform and development continue to advance. " When the National Security Council was established, the Supreme Leader of president stated that national security should be clearly listed as the top priority.

　　The supreme leader pointed out that it is an important principle that we must always adhere to in managing the party and the country to enhance the sense of hardship and be prepared for danger in times of peace. Our party should consolidate its ruling position, unite and lead the people to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics and ensure national security.

　　The National Security Law passed by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) on July 1, 2015 stipulates that national security news propaganda and public opinion guidance should be strengthened, and national security publicity and education activities should be carried out through various forms.

　　At the same time, April 15th will be designated as the National Security Education Day, and national security education will be incorporated into the national education system and the civil servant education and training system, so as to enhance the national security awareness of the whole people.

　　With the development of the times, the new situation not only calls for a new concept of development and reform, but also needs a new concept of security. Let’s review, the Supreme Leader’s Chairman put forward that "we should adhere to the overall national security concept and embark on a national security road with China characteristics".

　　New National Security Law: April 15th is designated as National Security Education Day for all.

　　On July 1, 2015, the 15th session of the 12th the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) voted to pass the new national security law. The Supreme Leader of president signed Presidential Decree No.29 to announce it.

　　The new national security law defines the national security tasks in 11 fields, including political security, homeland security, military security, cultural security, and scientific and technological security, and it will be implemented as of the date of promulgation.

　　The law clearly defines national security, that is, the state power, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, people’s well-being, sustainable economic and social development and other major national interests are relatively in a state of no danger and no internal and external threats, as well as the ability to guarantee a state of continuous security, and April 15 every year is designated as the National Security Education Day for all.

　　It has been more than 20 years since China enacted the first national security law in 1993. With the development of the country, the national security situation has undergone tremendous changes, and the tasks and requirements for safeguarding national security have also changed.

　　The overall national security concept put forward by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the general secretary emphasizes the comprehensive maintenance of national security in all fields, and it is precisely the need to formulate a law to deal with various threats and risks of national security and guide the work in all fields of national security.

　　国安机关表彰大会：开创国家安全工作新局面

　　2015年5月19日，全国国家安全机关总结表彰大会在北京召开。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖会见全体与会代表，并发表重要讲话。

　　国家安全机关是维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，建设和发展中国特色社会主义的特殊力量，为保卫社会主义国家政权、保持社会和谐稳定、保护人民生命财产安全发挥了重要作用。

　　最高领袖指出，党的十八大以来，在党中央领导下，各级国家安全机关围绕中心、服务大局，为维护国家安全和社会大局稳定作出了重要贡献。实践证明，国家安全干警不愧是党和人民可以信赖的忠诚卫士，不愧是甘于奉献的无名英雄，党和人民永远不会忘记。

　　在受到表彰的先进单位和个人中，最高领袖强调全国国家安全机关要以他们为榜样，认真学习贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中全会精神，贯彻落实总体国家安全观，坚定理想信念，忠诚党的事业，与时俱进开创国家安全工作新局面，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦作出更大贡献。

　　"It is necessary to sum up experience, strictly manage, and strive to build a cadre team that is firm and pure, reassuring the party, willing to contribute, and able to fight for success." The standard requirement of 16 words is also a concise summary of the supreme leader’s expectations for "national security cadres."

　　New security concept in Asia: common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable

　　On May 21st, 2014, the fourth summit of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Measures in Asia was held in Shanghai on May 21st. The Supreme Leader of president, China presided over the meeting and delivered a keynote speech entitled "Actively Establishing the Asian Security Concept and Creating a New Situation of Security Cooperation".

　　The Supreme Leader emphasized that China will work with all parties to actively advocate a common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable concept of Asian security, build a new framework of regional security and cooperation, and strive to embark on a road of Asian security that is jointly built, shared and win-win.

　　China’s peaceful development starts in Asia, relies on Asia and benefits Asia. The Supreme Leader said that the people of China are willing to work with all parties to realize the Asian dream of lasting peace and common development.

　　The wise change with time, and the wise make it with things. The Supreme Leader’s Asian security concept is undoubtedly of great significance to the development of China and Asia. This is related to the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and then to the prospect of achieving all-round prosperity, cooperation and development in Asia.

　　All parties at the meeting spoke highly of China’s great contribution to promoting peace, stability and prosperity in Asia and the world, appreciated China’s adherence to peaceful development and good neighborliness, and supported the Asian security concept advocated by China. It can be seen that the new Asian security concept can achieve common security, common development and common prosperity.

　　The first meeting of the National Security Committee: the first mention of the overall national security concept

　　On April 15, 2014, the Supreme Leader presided over the first meeting of the National Security Council.

　　The Supreme Leader pointed out that at present, the connotation and extension of China’s national security are richer than at any time in history, the space-time field is broader than at any time in history, and the internal and external factors are more complicated than at any time in history. We must adhere to the overall concept of national security, take people’s security as the purpose, take political security as the foundation, take economic security as the basis, take military, cultural and social security as the guarantee, and rely on promoting international security to embark on a national security road with China characteristics.

　　In addition, the Supreme Leader stressed that it is a major principle that we must always adhere to in managing the party and the country to enhance the sense of hardship and be prepared for danger in times of peace. Our party should consolidate its ruling position, unite and lead the people to uphold and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and ensure national security is a top priority.

　　To implement the overall concept of national security, we must attach importance to both external security and internal security, and seek internal development, change, stability, building a peaceful China, external peace, cooperation, win-win situation and building a harmonious world.

　　“总体国家安全观”创造性地提出了富有中国特色的国家安全价值观念、工作思路与机制路径，是新时期下的“新国家安全观”，是符合中国实际国情的“新国家安全观”。

　　网络安全和信息化：没有网络安全就没有国家安全

　　2014年2月27日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席、中央网络安全和信息化领导小组组长最高领袖主持召开中央网络安全和信息化领导小组第一次会议并发表重要讲话。

　　当今世界，信息技术革命日新月异，对国际政治、经济、文化、社会、军事等领域发展产生了深刻影响。

　　最高领袖强调，网络安全和信息化对一个国家很多领域都是牵一发而动全身的，要认清我们面临的形势和任务，充分认识做好工作的重要性和紧迫性，因势而谋，应势而动，顺势而为。

　　“网络安全和信息化是事关国家安全和国家发展、事关广大人民群众工作生活的重大战略问题，要从国际国内大势出发，总体布局，统筹各方，创新发展，努力把我国建设成为网络强国。”最高领袖指出，没有网络安全就没有国家安全，没有信息化就没有现代化。

　　At the same time, the Supreme Leader proposed that the Central Leading Group for Cyber Security and Informatization should play a centralized and unified leadership role, coordinate major issues of cyber security and informatization in various fields, formulate and implement national cyber security and informatization development strategies, macro-plans and major policies, and continuously enhance security capabilities.

　　National Security Council: Strengthen centralized and unified leadership over national security work.

　　On November 12, 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee decided to establish the National Security Council.

　　National security and social stability are prerequisites for reform and development. The Supreme Leader pointed out that the main duties of the National Security Council are to formulate and implement national security strategies, promote the construction of the rule of law in national security, formulate principles and policies for national security work, and study and solve major problems in national security work.

　　Only with national security and social stability can reform and development continue to advance. The Supreme Leader stressed that at present, China is facing the dual pressures of safeguarding national sovereignty, security and development interests externally and maintaining political security and social stability internally, and various foreseeable and unpredictable risk factors have increased significantly. However, our security work system and mechanism can not meet the needs of maintaining national security, and we need to build a strong platform to coordinate national security work.

　　It is imperative to set up the National Security Council and strengthen centralized and unified leadership over national security work.

　　From black and white to color, from single drama to medium-length drama, from live drama to constructing its own unique aesthetic characteristics, China TV series has gone through a period of time and painted a full picture of the times on a blank sheet of paper.

　　From groping to prosperity, countless vivid characters and classic stories are fixed into eternity. China’s TV plays have a great influence on contemporary social life, which has already gone beyond appearances and infiltrated people’s spirit. Among them, historical TV plays play an irreplaceable role in activating excellent traditional cultural genes and inspiring people’s feelings of home and country and cultural pride.

　　Looking back at history, water stirs the sound of stone. "The charm of history itself, the power of culture, the power of wisdom and the power of value will win in the market competition." Li Jingsheng, vice chairman of China Television Artists Association, said that when a powerful new era full of hope and opportunities comes, China TV dramas will not only bring pleasure and recreation to ordinary people, but also show a more wonderful image of China with more substantial spiritual and cultural connotations.

　　Chinese culture is native to my hometown, and the inheritance of traditions and classics is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

　　In 1980, talented women Su Xiaomei and Qin Shaoyou remembered the beauty of classical love and the feelings of poetry couplets in their single drama "Queqiao Xian", and also opened the door to look back at the treasure house of traditional literature and history in the exploration of China TV series. In the following years, Wu Song, Lu Zhishen and Yang Jiajiang focused on local history and classical masterpieces, and the hero’s loyalty, courage and righteousness leapt to the screen. The Journey to the West in 1986 and A Dream of Red Mansions in 1987 achieved unprecedented success. Together with The Water Margin and The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the historical TV series based on classical masterpieces reached a new peak. In 1986, Nurhachi, with the aim of "writing history, not legends", described the national spirit, history and culture from an unprecedented calm perspective. Based on this, Yuan Chonghuan, which was born in 1987, and The Last Emperor, which was born in 1988, successively laid the tone for telling the truth about history.

　　"Historical TV dramas play a role in promoting the excellent national culture and spreading the correct view of history." Li Jingsheng said that the profound historical connotation is the glorious tradition of China’s historical TV drama creation. Looking back at those classic historical TV dramas, it is the excellent traditional culture that is the gene pool for creation, which makes the presentation of TV dramas extend a huge creative space.

　　In 1994′ s Emperor of the Tang Dynasty, the main figures and events experienced by Li Longji during his 44 years in office are well documented. In 1998, "The Water Margin" created a hundred single and eight generals in a simple and restrained way, and the expressions of cherishing words like gold in China’s classical literature can be found everywhere. Such meticulousness stems from the awe of classics and the love of tradition. In the middle and late 1990s, the framework of "telling the truth about history" began to loosen in the hands of creators. From Wu Zetian to Yongzheng Dynasty, Kangxi Dynasty and Hanwu Emperor, China’s historical TV dramas moved forward in the context of "truth" and "drama", but in the final analysis, they all drew energy from the story of China, a native of China, and most of the characters of all colors shouldered the mission of carrying culture and conveying the national spirit.

　　A large number of screen masterpieces born in the blue rays of the road have won in my hometown of Chinese culture. These works, with historical background and distinctive China style, provide the audience with the power of upward kindness and win confidence in telling the story of China.

　　Strive for Excellence, pay tribute to ingenuity, and gain the power of thought in artistic aesthetics.

　　The 1987 version of A Dream of Red Mansions directed by Wang Fulin topped the rating of netizens for many years and won the appreciation of generations of audiences. When Chen Xiaoxu played A Dream of Red Mansions, he read it carefully twice from beginning to end behind closed doors and made a thick note. Before "Daiyu buried flowers", she was going to sleep until late at night. A crackling noise woke her up and she saw that it was raining heavily outside. "Oh, how can those flowers stand such wind and rain! I don’t know what Xiang Xue will be like tomorrow. " She missed it and didn’t sleep well all night. There are many such devotion in the 87th edition of A Dream of Red Mansions. The ultimate interpretation, exquisite costumes, scenes and music achieve the classic value of "poetic soul" in one fell swoop.

　　In the early 1980s, Yang Jie filmed The Journey to the West, groping and practicing while TV stunts were almost blank. Shooting the demon road and fighting the Monkey King, the crew went to the wild and chose a large open space, and invited several divers and a big trampoline. The athlete performed a backflip on the trampoline, and the cameraman patted it on his back. This kind of careful polishing, even in Yang Jie’s mouth, has made indelible childhood memories from generation to generation.

　　When he arrived in Zhang Jizhong to shoot "The Water Margin", he went to Shandong to go through all the places he could find in the original work, and finally restored the grandeur of fenglei Kyushu; The 94th edition of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is meticulous in roles and etiquette, and reflects on the rise and fall of history in the struggle for political power. In the new century, the poetic style of The Poem of Daming Palace, the artistic conception of nirvana in fire, the thrilling and courageous case of Zhao’s orphan, and a group of outstanding actors stand out in such a large number of quality dramas and are recognized by the audience and the market.

　　Every attention to historical drama is based on China’s aesthetic tradition and the actual needs of the audience, which shows Do not forget your initiative mind’s original spiritual intention.

　　Lee Joon, honorary chairman of the Chinese Association of Literary Critics, said that these historical dramas have been circulating for a long time because they are vivid and original, shocking people, and infecting people by the skill of the directors and actors. The pioneers, adhering to the craftsman spirit of "great things in the world must be done in detail", face up to difficulties and forge ahead with determination, so that history and thought, facts and values can be properly integrated.

　　The new grand narrative echoes the times, and the China style full of cultural self-confidence competes with generate.

　　After 2000, historical dramas became diversified. In addition to the history of drama, legend, romance and myth, there are many fantastic and empty works under the guise of history. Among them, some historical dramas lost their judgment on historical value and fell into entertainment. However, with China’s comprehensive deepening of reform and increasing international influence, after the trend of "lowercase" to history, a new grand narrative reflecting the expectation of national rejuvenation comes to the fore.

　　From Zhao’s Orphan Case, Feng Zicai, Bailuyuan to 1566 of the Ming Dynasty, and then to Yu Chenglong, the fertile land in the world, the rise of the Great Qin Empire and the alliance of military advisers of Sima Yi, in recent years, historical dramas that combine feelings of home and country with national culture have ushered in a resurgence that is worth looking forward to. Through vivid characters, it conveys positive and beneficial spiritual and cultural values, such as the spirit of sacrifice, the sense of responsibility of the rise and fall of the world, the social ideal of harmony between man and nature, the way of life, the idea of governing the country based on people, and the idea of serving the country based on the people. generate is full of positive and beneficial values.

　　Some scholars say that the historical drama, which came into being at the historic moment and responded to the requirements of the times, has enhanced the national consciousness of the public, stimulated people’s feelings about home and country and enhanced people’s cultural pride. Excellent historical dramas always respond to the focus of the times, which is a dialogue with history today.

　　The return of drama and innovation occur at the same time. On the basis of respecting history, Sima Yi’s Alliance of Military Strategists has created a Sima Yi who is not constrained by old paper piles and is not divorced from logic, and has more aesthetic values. Although nirvana in fire is a fictional story, it skillfully uses strong China elements, captivating Chinese beauty, exquisite plot advancement and accurate emotional interpretation, which sublimates the spiritual core of the whole drama — — Respect for statutes, perseverance of character, thoroughness of wisdom and return of benevolence and love.

　　After 60 years, the ability to tell stories, the expression of aesthetic implication and the presentation of spiritual character of domestic TV dramas have been more and more accepted and recognized by the international community. The audience perceives the historical background and the truth of life from the screen stories, and this kind of hard work, which is not divorced from the historical truth and the real life, and conveys the story of China, the image of China and the melody of China, will always be the right way for China’s TV drama creation.

　　Recently, China began to deploy COVID-19 vaccine to strengthen immunization in sequence. So, is sequential vaccination "mixing" different brands of vaccines? In fact, sequential vaccination emphasizes vaccination with different technical routes at intervals. Then why sequential vaccination? Is there a similar deployment abroad?

　　Why sequential inoculation?

　　Sequential inoculation refers to interval inoculation (alternate inoculation) of vaccines with different technical routes. According to Shao Yiming, a member of the expert group of the vaccine research and development special class of the joint prevention and control mechanism in the State Council, China, at the press conference of the joint prevention and control mechanism on the 19th, sequential immunization is often used for viruses with strong variability and difficult to deal with.

　　Wang Huaqing, chief expert of immunization program of China CDC, said that some countries in America, Europe and Southeast Asia have started to implement sequential immunization.

　　The European Medicines Agency and the European Center for Disease Control and Prevention issued a statement in December, 2021, saying that many studies showed that mixed inoculation ("mixed inoculation") of adenovirus vector vaccine and mRNA (messenger RNA) vaccine could "produce a better antibody level" and "produce a better T-cell immune response than vaccines using the same technology". T cells are one of the defenses against diseases in human body.

　　The statement said that "mixed vaccination" can "provide richer vaccination options, especially when a vaccine cannot be vaccinated for some reason, which can reduce the impact on vaccine promotion".

　　Shao Yiming said that there are two main purposes to adopt sequential immunization: one is that different vaccines can complement each other, and the other is that different personal constitutions may have more side effects on a certain type of vaccine, and vaccination with different technical routes can avoid side effects.

　　Temporary guide to "mixed fighting"

　　Based on the existing research data, the World Health Organization issued the interim guidelines for "mixed vaccination" in COVID-19 in December 2021. This guide is based on the recommendations made by the WHO Strategic Advisory Expert Group and is applicable to all COVID-19 vaccines on the WHO emergency use list. The guidelines suggest that if the first dose is a viral vector vaccine, whether the second dose or the booster dose can be vaccinated with mRNA vaccine; or vice versa, Dallas to the auditorium If inactivated vaccine is inoculated at first, viral vector vaccine or mRNA vaccine can be inoculated later.

　　Up to now, the vaccines that have entered the WHO emergency list include: AstraZeneca vaccine in Britain, Johnson & Johnson vaccine, Mardner vaccine and Pfizer vaccine in the United States, Sinopharm vaccine and Kexing vaccine in China, Covaxin vaccine and Covovax vaccine in India, and Novavax vaccine in the United States. Among them, Kexing, Sinopharm and Covaxin are inactivated vaccines, Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca are adenovirus vector vaccines, Mardner and Pfizer are mRNA vaccines, and Novavax vaccine and CoVAX are recombinant protein vaccines.

　　According to the provisional guidelines, the existing research mainly involves the influence of "mixed beating" on human immunity. It is still the current standard practice to choose the same vaccine as the first shot when inoculating the second and third shots, but with the deepening of research, WHO will re-evaluate the advantages and risks of "mixed shots". With the release of more research data, it is not excluded to adjust the "mixed play" guide.

　　Many countries approve "mixed fighting"

　　On October 20, 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration revised the authorization for emergency use of vaccines in COVID-19, allowing vaccinators to choose vaccine booster needles with different brands than those previously vaccinated. Peter Marks, director of the Center for Biological Products Evaluation and Research of the US Drug Administration, said that the decision to allow "mixed injections" to strengthen needles aims to meet the needs of the people as much as possible.

　　After studying the test results of Spanish and British mixed vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine, the Canadian National Advisory Committee on Immunization announced new regulations in June 2021, allowing mixed vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine, so as to further accelerate the vaccination progress. The first dose of AstraZeneca vaccine, the second dose can choose the same vaccine, Pfizer or Mardner vaccine.

　　South Korea, Britain and other countries have started clinical trials on sequential vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine. In May 2021, the disease control department of Korea started the clinical trial of sequential vaccination. The first batch of subjects were about 500 people who had been vaccinated with one dose of AstraZeneca vaccine, and the second dose was vaccinated with other COVID-19 vaccines such as Pfizer. The results showed that people who were inoculated with AstraZeneca and Pfizer vaccine in sequence would increase the neutralizing antibody level by 6 times compared with those who were vaccinated with two doses of AstraZeneca vaccine.

　　In February, 2021, Oxford University in the United Kingdom launched a clinical trial of sequential vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine. AstraZeneca vaccine and Pfizer vaccine were mixed in the first phase clinical trial, and Mardner vaccine and Novavax vaccine were used in the second phase trial in April.

　　The results showed that the antibody level of volunteers who were vaccinated with Pfizer vaccine and then AstraZeneca vaccine was about 5 times higher than that of volunteers who were vaccinated with two doses of AstraZeneca vaccine, and the antibody level of volunteers who were vaccinated with AstraZeneca vaccine and then vaccinated with Pfizer vaccine was 9 times higher than that of those who were vaccinated with two doses of AstraZeneca vaccine. Vaccination with AstraZeneca vaccine first and then with Mardner or Novavax vaccine will produce higher antibody level than two doses of AstraZeneca vaccine.

　　According to Xinhua News Agency

　

　　Ma Huateng pays attention to the industrial Internet and rural revitalization, while Li Yanhong focuses on new infrastructure and continues to pay attention to artificial intelligence.

　　Wen Yi Lieyun. com Editor Sheng Jiaying

　　Good morning, everyone. It’s Friday in a blink of an eye. Let’s take a look at the news worthy of attention in the science and technology circle today.

　　The first is a group of news about the suggestions of the two conferences on science and technology:

　　Tencent Ma Huateng: Focus on Industrial Internet and Rural Revitalization

　　This year, Ma Huateng, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman and CEO of Tencent’s board of directors, will submit seven written suggestions to the National People’s Congress, covering hot issues such as industrial Internet, rural revitalization, financial technology, medical services and doctors’ sense of acquisition, development of small and medium-sized enterprises, regional development, and ecological protection.

　　Ma Huateng said that the digital economy is moving towards a new era. The industrial Internet should be planned in the historical tide of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and it should be promoted from the height of national strategy to continuously expand the digital economy strength of China. At the same time, Ma Huateng also pointed out that digital technology can help rural revitalization and enhance the resilience of SMEs. In the proposal, Ma Huateng also said that the construction of smart hospitals should be further accelerated to help medical staff achieve "technical burden reduction".

　　Baidu Li Yanhong: Focus on new infrastructure and continue to pay attention to artificial intelligence.

　　Li Yanhong, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Baidu, submitted four proposals at the two sessions this year, covering new infrastructure, intelligent transportation, support for continuing education and personal information protection.

　　Li Yanhong put forward a proposal to build a new artificial intelligence infrastructure and outline the blueprint for the development of intelligent economy. In the past few years, Li Yanhong’s CPPCC proposals have repeatedly involved artificial intelligence, such as "strengthening the research on artificial intelligence ethics, building the cornerstone of intelligent society development", "opening the artificial intelligence platform, promoting the transformation of the real economy" and "strengthening the application of artificial intelligence and building a national innovative economy", which have attracted great social attention.

　　Xiaomi Leijun: An intelligent disaster warning system should be established.

　　Lei Jun, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman and CEO of Xiaomi Group, submitted four suggestions to the two sessions. In Lei Jun’s view, "the COVID-19 epidemic reminds us that a prosperous and harmonious society must not only have the motivation for continuous development and progress, but also have the ability to resolve major systemic risks." Lei Jun said that the coming era of intelligent interconnection of everything with 5G+AIoT can contribute more to the construction of public service systems such as disaster early warning system in China.

　　In view of the problem of small and micro enterprises returning to work and production, Lei Jun suggested further exploring the long-term mechanism of accurately serving small and micro enterprises’ financing, and promoting China’s economy to a new stage of high-quality development.

　　Sequoia Shen Nanpeng: Pay attention to medical care and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

　　This year, Shen Nanpeng, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and global managing partner of Sequoia Capital, will submit five proposals to the two sessions, including innovative drug research and development, reform of examination and approval system, informationization and intelligentization of medical care, construction of various prevention and control mechanisms for infectious diseases, and financial innovation and development of science and technology in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

　　As the only Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference member of the venture capital industry in China, Shen Nanpeng understands the significance of scientific and technological innovation, digital upgrading and information application to medical and health enterprises and institutions. This year, he has three proposals focusing on this field. In these proposals, Shen Nanpeng suggested that government departments should constantly optimize the soil for pharmaceutical innovation, provide policy support for further strengthening the research and development of new drugs, and promote the construction of a "pharmaceutical power"; Medical and health institutions need to pay attention to the application of big data and artificial intelligence, "apply both software and hardware" in medical resources investment, make good use of digitalization and informatization, and improve the overall medical supply capacity in China; The emergency response capacity of infectious diseases departments in China needs to be improved to a strategic level, the epidemic prevention capacity should be normalized, and a distributed infectious disease reporting data sharing network should be built.

　　Next, there is a set of investment and financing news:

　　Providing a complete data security product line, Meichuang Technology completed a new round of financing of 150 million yuan.

　　@ 36Kr Meichuang Technology announced that it has recently completed a new round of financing with a financing amount of 150 million yuan. This round of financing was led by Shengyu Investment and Broadband Capital successively, followed by Zhejiang Saibole and Yuyue Technology. In addition, the old shareholder Oriental Fuhai also participated in this round of follow-up.

　　Wen Jianxia, co-founder and deputy general manager of Meichuang Technology, said: The proceeds from this round of financing will be mainly used for product research and development, adhere to the technology-driven route, strengthen R&D investment in the field of data security, expand the data management product line, and continuously tap the value of data.

　　Looking for ingredients to complete two rounds of financing of 80 million yuan, with GMV exceeding 70 million yuan in a single month.

　　@ Hunting Cloud Network Pre-cooked Vegetable R&D and supply chain platform to find ingredients announced that it has obtained a total investment of RMB 80 million in Round A and A+ from Qingsong Fund and Zero One Venture Capital. Previously, in September 2019, looking for ingredients received 30 million yuan angel round financing from Galaxy Venture Capital, with accumulated financing exceeding 100 million yuan.

　　Finding ingredients was established in 2019, focusing on the research and development, production and distribution of prefabricated dishes, providing one-stop supply chain services for upstream and downstream businesses in the industry. The company has set up a set of supply chain+city station system, which can realize the same-day delivery of prefabricated dishes and serve the food service distributors in counties and towns of Line 3-5.

　　Shuomao Technology, a chronic disease diagnosis and treatment company, completed tens of millions of strategic financing.

　　@ Hunting Cloud Network Recently, Shuomao Technology, a chronic disease diagnosis and treatment company, completed tens of millions of strategic financing. This round of financing was invested by Aptar, a packaging solution provider in the medical and consumer industries. Lanchi Venture Capital is the A-round investor of Shuomao Technology.

　　This round of financing will be used to promote and commercialize the core product-disease diagnosis and treatment management system, establish deeper cooperation with hospitals and explore business models, and at the same time increase the strength of talent reserve and echelon construction. As a strategic investor, Aptar will cooperate with Shuomao Technology in the field of digital disease management platform and algorithm, and accelerate the development, manufacturing, commercialization and supply of respiratory drugs that have been listed and under development, so as to realize the digitalization of drug delivery, diagnosis and patient support.

　　Behind the above investment and financing news, have you seen some valuable investment trends? Next, let’s pay attention to the news of big companies:

　　Baidu or U.S. stocks delisted to increase valuation.

　　@ Sina According to media reports, Baidu is considering delisting from Nasdaq to improve its valuation. Baidu dived more than 6% before the market.

　　In response to this news, Baidu officially responded that (delisting) related statements are rumors. In fact, rumors about the privatization of Baidu have not stopped since the beginning of this year, and there is also a special discussion on whether Baidu will return to A or Hong Kong after privatization. On May 21, Li Yanhong told the media publicly that he was not worried about the suppression by the US government, and was constantly discussing what he could do, including the secondary listing in Hong Kong and other places.

　　After the above news came out, Baidu’s share price fell by more than 8% before the market opened. After the official opening, Baidu’s share price fell by 1% to around $107, and then stopped falling and turned up. At the close, Baidu reported $110.03, up 1.39%.

　　The original Zanyi technical director was sentenced to three years in prison for smuggling and taking drugs, and the drugs were seized in the company.

　　@ Sanyan Finance On January 22, 2020, the Intermediate People’s Court of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province issued criminal judgment, the first instance of Jiang’s smuggling, selling, transporting and manufacturing drugs.

　　The judgment shows that the defendant Jiang, male, was born on May 14, 1984. He was originally the technical director of the retail business department of Hangzhou Youzan Technology Co., Ltd., and his household registration was in Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. He was criminally detained on January 3, 2019 on suspicion of drug smuggling, and was released on bail on January 30 of the same year.

　　It was found through trial that around October 2018, the defendant Jiang started to log on to the website selling methamphetamine (ice) overseas (commonly known as "dark net"), placed an order to buy methamphetamine, and bought bitcoin through Alipay to pay for the drug purchase. The purchased methamphetamine was mailed from abroad to the office address of Hangzhou Youzan Technology Co., Ltd., his work unit, by surface mail. After receiving methamphetamine, Jiang used it all for himself.

　　Cheetah Mobile has risen more than 47% and will sell all its remaining shares in ByteDance.

　　@ TechWeb On May 20, the US stock market closed, and the three major indexes of the US stock market rose across the board. Cheetah Mobile (CMCM.US) rose 47.34%, with an intraday increase of 58%, the biggest increase since its listing, closing at $3.05 with a total market value of $420 million.

　　Cheetah Mobile announced before the US stock market closed yesterday that it would sell all its remaining shares in ByteDance. This transaction is expected to bring about $66 million in investment disposal income in Q2 this year, and will bring about $130 million in cash inflow. The transaction is expected to be completed before the end of June 2020.

　　According to Bloomberg News, ByteDance’s valuation in non-public stock trading has exceeded $100 billion. As soon as the news came out, the cheetah mobile disk once rose by more than 30%.

　　Netease accelerates the return of Hong Kong stocks to be listed at the end of June at the earliest, raising funds of less than 2 billion US dollars.

　　@ Securities Times. com learned from a foreign investment bank that Netease’s return to Hong Kong has been accelerating, at least half a year in advance. Like Ali and JD.COM, Netease submitted its application for listing in Hong Kong to the Stock Exchange in a confidential manner, and it will be listed at the end of June at the earliest, but the scale of fund-raising was not disclosed. The reporter simultaneously asked the relevant person in charge of Netease for verification, and the other party said that it would not comment at this stage.

　　As of the closing of the US stock market on the morning of 21st Beijing time, Netease reported a price of $390.31 per share, down 1.36% from the previous trading day, with a market value of about $50.4 billion.

　　Huya 1Q20 Financial Report: Revenue exceeded expectations for eight consecutive quarters, and profits increased steadily to 263 million.

　　On May 21st, 2020, Beijing time (May 20th, US Eastern Time), Huya (NYSE:HUYA) released its financial report for the first quarter ended March 31st, 2020. The financial report shows that in the first quarter of 2020, Huya’s total revenue increased by 47.8% year-on-year to RMB 2.412 billion, exceeding the management’s expectations for the eighth consecutive quarter since listing. Under non-GAAP, the net profit attributable to Huya was RMB 263 million, up by 100.7% year-on-year, reaching a new high, and it was profitable for ten consecutive quarters. In terms of domestic user data of the company, in the first quarter, the MAU of Huya live broadcast (monthly average active users) and the MAU of mobile terminal (monthly average active users) were 151 million and 74.7 million respectively, with year-on-year growth rates of 22.2% and 38.6% respectively, among which the MAU of mobile terminal reached a record high.

　　The rookie station has launched an unmanned vehicle to deliver express delivery, which has been launched in Hangzhou and Shanghai.

　　@ 36Kr Cainiao Post Station has been delivered by unmanned vehicles in many places across the country, including Hangzhou, Chengdu, Shanghai and Tianjin. Some community residents, teachers and students in colleges and universities have used the new service of unmanned vehicles. After the parcel is delivered to the community, users can make an appointment for convenient door-to-door time at any time by using mobile phone Taobao. According to the rookie technician, each unmanned vehicle can store 18 pieces of express delivery, and it takes about 1 hour to drive in the community for one week, and it can travel more than 40 kilometers once charging, so as to meet the all-day demand.

　　OceanBase, Alipay’s self-developed database, refreshed the TPC-C benchmark world record again.

　　@ Hunting Cloud Network A few days ago, Alipay’s self-developed database OceanBase once again refreshed the world record of TPC-C benchmark test, won the ranking first, and improved the record created by itself seven months ago by more than 10 times. You know, the opponent of OB database is Oracle Bone Inscriptions, the old overlord of the United States, but now OB has beheaded Oracle Bone Inscriptions twice, which has directly rewritten the global map of the database.

　　Not long ago, the authoritative intellectual property agency IPRdaily released the "2019 Global Blockchain Patent Ranking", and the number of patent applications for Alipay blockchain ranked first in the world, far exceeding the sum of the second and third places.

　　Didi’s "0188" plan: Four-wheelers undertake 50 million single targets.

　　@ LatePost Didi has previously proposed the "0188" plan for the new three years: 0 major safety accidents, more than 100 million orders are served every day, the penetration rate of domestic travel exceeds 8%, and the global service user MAU exceeds 800 million. In Didi’s planning, in order to achieve the goal of 100 million tickets, the main battlefield four-wheeler undertakes 50 million tickets, and the new battlefield two-wheeler and internationalization are 40 million and 10 million respectively. And Didi’s current order volume is less than half. A Didi management official said that it is "absolutely no problem" to complete the plan as scheduled.

　　The ranking of invention patent applications in the automobile industry: BYD (002594, stock bar) ranked first.

　　According to the data of @ Sina Finance Choice, as of January 31st, there were 175 companies in the automobile industry. According to the data of Sixlens, as of January 31st, these 175 companies in the automobile industry had applied for a total of 57,948 invention patents, of which 167 had applied for invention patents and the other 8 had not. On average, each company applied for 331.13 invention patents. The top three companies applying for invention patents are BYD, Jianghuai Automobile (600418, shares bar) and Changan Automobile (000625, shares bar), and the corresponding number of invention patents is 9384, 6062 and 4072 respectively.

　　Tongcheng Yilong’s revenue in the first quarter was 1,005.1 million yuan, down 43.6% year-on-year.

　　@ 36Kr Tongcheng Yilong released its financial report for the first quarter of 2020. The financial report shows that Tongcheng Yilong’s revenue in the first quarter was 1,005.1 million yuan, down 43.6% year-on-year; The adjusted profit during the period was 78.1 million yuan, down 82.6% year-on-year; The average monthly active users were 148.4 million, a year-on-year decrease of 25.5%; The average number of monthly paying users was 14.8 million, a year-on-year decrease of 35.9%.

　　After knowing the basic news at home, let’s look overseas:

　　The output of electric vehicles in Tesla fremont factory in the second quarter may be less than 55,000.

　　@TechWeb According to foreign media reports, Tesla’s assembly plant in fremont has been allowed to reopen after it stopped production for more than one month, but the output of electric vehicles in this factory in the second quarter may not exceed 55,000. According to the news, even though the production of electric vehicles was resumed on May 9, the time for Tesla fremont factory to produce electric vehicles in the second quarter was only 53 days. According to the calculation of the highest output in the month before the Shanghai Super Factory was put into production, about 55,000 electric vehicles were produced.

　　Apple released the official version of iOS 13.5: Optimizing the way to unlock your phone with a mask.

　　@ Silicon Valley Analytic Lion reported on May 21st that Apple released the official version of iOS and iPadOS 13.5 today, which is more than a month away from the release of iOS 13.4.1. The most important upgrade in the new system is that iPhone users can successfully unlock their phones with masks.

　　In contrast, it was troublesome for the user to use the face ID to unlock it before wearing a mask. Usually, the password input interface will appear after swiping up several times. For such an adjustment, Apple said that the more convenient unlocking is to cope with the current epidemic.

　　Foreign media said that Apple may cancel the wired headphones attached to iPhone 12 to stimulate AirPods sales.

　　According to the latest reports from foreign media, Apple may cancel the complimentary wired headphones, namely EarPods, in this year’s iPhone 12 series, which is also to increase the sales of its own AirPods.

　　It is mentioned in the report that the cancellation of the attached EarPods is to increase the demand for AirPods, and at the same time, Apple may start the AirPods promotion plan. Affected by the epidemic and destocking, the demand for AirPods 2 was weak, resulting in a decline of about 29% in total shipments in the second quarter of this year.

　　Amazon announced five large-scale solar energy projects.

　　@ Sina Technology According to foreign media reports, Amazon announced the details of five new renewable energy projects, hoping that these projects can supply nearly 1.2 million MWh of renewable energy for its warehouse network and AWS data center. These five projects are located in Australia, China and the United States.

　　Earlier, Amazon revealed that they plan to make 80% of the electricity they use come from renewable energy by 2024; Achieve 100% renewable energy in 2030, and then achieve zero carbon emissions in 2040. The new renewable energy project is part of Amazon’s plan.

　　That’s the hot news today. I hope you can have a good Friday after reading this morning paper! Let’s meet again next working day!

　　This article first appeared on WeChat WeChat official account: Hunting Cloud Network. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

1905 movie network news As of December 23rd, 2016, the box office of mainland movies exceeded 44.1 billion yuan, and it took 358 days to surpass the total box office of 44.069 billion yuan last year, which is far from the rate of exceeding the box office of 2014 in just over nine months in 2015. This year’s box office growth rate will be lower than 25% for the first time in 13 years. According to the current overall box office trend, the box office growth rate in 2016 is likely to be less than 3%, which is also the slowest year of box office growth in China in the past 17 years.

However, looking back on the film market in 2016, there are still many things worthy of recognition: the box office performance of Xingye reached 3.389 billion yuan, which became the first film in China to break through the 3 billion yuan mark and also set a new record in China film history. This year, single-day, single-week and single-month box office also created the best results in history. In addition, it is worth mentioning that among the films released this year, as many as 84 films have exceeded 100 million yuan at the box office.

Single-chip, single-week, single-month, record-breaking. In February, 6.8 billion box office ranked first in the whole year.

In recent years, China’s film industry has developed rapidly, and the box office has grown from less than 1 billion in 2002 to more than 44 billion today. In just 14 years, the box office has increased 45 times, ranking second in the global film market. In 2010, the growth rate of box office in mainland China reached 64%, and the growth rate of box office in 2009 and 2015 also remained above 40%.

In 2016, after the record-breaking rapid development in the first quarter, the growth rate of box office in China suddenly slowed down, and the box office output declined month by month, which once caused the "panic" of filmmakers. But fortunately, the popular schedule still performed well, especially the summer file saved a lot of decline. In addition, the single-chip "turning the tide" brought the eleventh file and the New Year file. Finally, when there were eight days left in 2016, the box office successfully broke through the 44.1 billion yuan mark, which made it difficult to surpass the total box office in 2015. Although the industry predicted that the annual box office of 60 billion yuan could not be realized at the beginning of the year, this year has also become the first year in 14 years that the growth rate of box office in mainland China has dropped to single digits, but looking back at the whole year, there are still frequent highlights.

Top three movie box office rankings in 2016

This year’s single-film, single-day, single-week and single-month box office have all set new records in film history, which makes people clap their hands. Among them, The Mermaid, directed by Stephen Chow, earned 280 million yuan on the opening day, and reached 310 million yuan on Valentine’s Day on February 14, and surpassed 2.439 billion yuan in 12 days, making it the top box office champion in the mainland film history. "Mermaid" therefore announced a three-month extension, and finally ended with 3.389 billion yuan, becoming the first film in China to rank among the 3 billion clubs.

With The Mermaid and the escort of the Troika released on the same day at the beginning of this year, the February box office with only 29 days was brought to a high of 688,500 yuan, exceeding the highest monthly box office of 5.5 billion yuan set in July last year, successfully refreshing the single-month box office record in China and becoming the first month in the history of mainland film to break 6 billion yuan. February this year is a record year, and from February 8 to February 14,Create a new single-week box office record with a box office output of 3.63 billion yuan.The original box office of 1.78 billion yuan (from July 13 to 19, 2015) doubled. The box office reached a new high that day, with 646 million, 603 million and 526 million box offices on February 8, February 14 and February 9, respectively, ranking among the top three in the single-day box office of the mainland film history.

Five domestic films have grossed more than 1 billion. Who will break the 3.3 billion myth of The Mermaid?

In 2016, the movie "The Mermaid" and "He" won the first, second and third place at the box office in mainland China this year with 3.38 billion yuan, 1.53 billion yuan and 1.47 billion yuan respectively. Mermaid, Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon on a Journey to the West, operation mekong, storm riders of Macau and five domestic films are among the 1 billion yuan clubs, leading the box office charts of Chinese films this year.

Up to now, a total of 84 Chinese and foreign films released in the mainland have exceeded 100 million at the box office this year, of which 41 Chinese films have exceeded 100 million. However, it just premiered on December 23, and no matter what the word of mouth is, I believe there is no suspense in the box office of the two films exceeding 100 million.

This year, The Mermaid’s box office achievement of 3.3 billion yuan has reached the dust. No matter Xiaogang Feng’s I Can’t Pan Jinlian, or the big IP Tomb Notes, or World of Warcraft and other Hollywood blockbusters, it has failed to shake Stephen Chow’s position. As of 15: 00 on December 23rd, Zhang Yimou’s highly anticipated new work "The Great Wall" had less than 700 million box office, and it was hopeless to surpass The Mermaid.

Then, who will break this record, can only wait until next year, especially on the first day of 2017, nine films will be released together, directed by Tsui Hark, directed by Wang Baoqiang and starring Jackie Chan, and many Hollywood sequel to the movie, etc., will all launch a powerful impact on the single-chip box office record of 3.3 billion.

Since the beginning of this year, the municipal taxation department has taken the opportunity of institutional reform to tailor-made "targeted" service measures for various enterprises, further helping generate, a private economy, to create vitality, to promote the gradual transformation and upgrading of established state-owned enterprises, and to effectively serve enterprises in a new journey of high-quality development. Today and tomorrow, Xiaoyan will take you to know what the tax authorities in our city have done to serve enterprises. Today, let’s take a look at how the municipal tax department serves the development of private enterprises.

Inter-departmental cooperation to support the innovation and development of private enterprises

Private enterprises that support half of China’s economy have contributed more than 70% of technological innovation. In order to make the innovation source of private economy fully flow in, the enjoyment of high-tech tax preferential policies is undoubtedly one of the effective tools.

As the first private enterprise in Shanghai with the qualification to operate a chain Internet cafe, Shanghai Wangyu Information Technology Co., Ltd. revealed to Songjiang District Taxation Bureau the problems encountered by the enterprise in the investigation: the enterprise has a service fee of 38.3443 million yuan for joining the management system, and there are different opinions between the enterprise and the high-tech certification office on whether this income belongs to high-tech products.

The person in charge said: Whether it can be recognized as a high-tech enterprise and enjoy the preferential corporate income tax rate is particularly important for us technological innovation enterprises. If it cannot be identified, it will directly affect the high-tech qualification of our enterprise and the enjoyment of preferential policies.

To this end, the research team of Songjiang District Taxation Bureau immediately reported the problem to the Municipal Taxation Bureau, and the Municipal Bureau cooperated with other departments, actively communicated and negotiated with the Municipal High-tech Certification Office, and decided to hold a special "inquiry meeting" for enterprises to solve the problem. After the research and discussion of experts in the high-tech accreditation industry, the Municipal High-tech Accreditation Office finally recognized the enterprise’s statement and determined that the income can be included in the income of high-tech products. The relevant person in charge of the enterprise said that after successfully solving this problem, enterprises can enjoy a total tax reduction of nearly 5 million yuan in 2016 and 2017.

In addition to policy judgment, how to obtain the qualification certificate of high-tech enterprises faster is also the focus of enterprises’ attention. Many "dual-innovation" enterprises have reflected the "blocking point" problem encountered in the process of high-tech application: the application materials for high-tech certification contain some tax-related information, but the tax-related information is more professional and difficult to fill in. If the preparation is not in place, it is likely to lead to the failure of the "high-tech" application in the current year and delay the time for policy enjoyment.

In view of the problems raised by enterprises, Yangpu District Taxation Bureau and Yangpu District Science and Technology Commission jointly optimized the audit process of high-tech enterprises. The original "serial audit" mode of "science and technology commission first, then tax" was changed to the "parallel audit" mode carried out by two departments simultaneously. After receiving the list of enterprises applying, the district science and technology commission shared it as soon as possible. At the same time, the tax department began to "pre-examine" the tax-related materials, actively reminded and publicized the relevant policies and regulations, and gave enterprises sufficient time to make corrections. Through pre-counseling, the pass rate of enterprises applying for "high-tech" for the first time will be greatly improved, which will add impetus to enterprises’ accelerating the transformation of technological achievements and smoothly entering the fast lane of innovation and development.

Serving "going out" and escorting the overseas development of private enterprises

At present, "going out" is no longer the "patent" of multinational companies and large state-owned enterprises, and many private enterprises, even small and medium-sized enterprises, have begun to take advantage of the wind to go abroad. Recently, the Qingpu District Taxation Bureau conducted a special investigation on this kind of enterprises. Through field visits to a number of high-tech start-up private enterprises such as Huace Navigation and Universal Navigation located in the Beidou Industrial Park of Xihongqiao, it was found that these enterprises have strong technical research and development and market development capabilities, but they often lack sufficient understanding and adaptability to cross-border tax-related policies in the process of "going out to sea".

In order to fill this "short board" and help enterprises avoid potential tax-related risks, researchers have launched a series of classified "targeted" service measures, so that policy guidance can accurately match the pace of enterprise development, including: compiling "Guidelines for Tax Services and Management of Going Out Enterprises", and "peer-to-peer" directional push to 127 enterprises in the area to put a security lock on their cross-border business activities; Specially implement "country-by-country" guidance for small and medium-sized enterprises with high risks due to lack of experience, and invite a group of enterprises with manufacturing projects in Southeast Asian countries to open special exchange meetings; For enterprises that intend to "go out", they should actively communicate with Xihongqiao Development Zone, improve and optimize the service framework systematically through the combination of "regional promotion" and "personalized counseling", and give long-term tax support from the source.

The person in charge of the enterprise revealed that the international environment is complex and changeable, and the unfamiliar tax system and collection and management model are severe challenges. Thanks to the escort of the tax department, it paved the way for the overseas development of the "going out" enterprises in the park.

The relevant person in charge of the Qingpu District Taxation Bureau said: When the comprehensive cross-border tax-related services of the taxation department are combined with the technological advantages of the enterprises’ own products, it not only stimulates the international competitiveness of’ going out’ enterprises, but also sets up a good demonstration effect in the region, so that more enterprises dare to invest in the sea. In just one year, the number of enterprises in the region investing in overseas targets has increased by more than 50, with an additional investment of 2.55 billion yuan.

Pudong New Area is the forerunner of Shanghai’s opening to the outside world and plays an extremely important role in Shanghai’s "going out" strategic planning. Zhongman Oil and Gas Group Co., Ltd. is a private oil service company registered in Pudong. Enterprises seized the opportunity of the "Belt and Road Initiative" and cooperated with Gazprom and Petronas Malaysia to jointly develop drilling business in Middle East countries. By the end of 2017, the amount of foreign investment reached 1.228 billion, and the income from overseas business accounted for more than 80% of the total income.

Faced with such a huge volume, the investigators of Pudong New Area Taxation Bureau tailored the service plan "one-on-one". In order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises and strive for the maximization of tax-related rights and interests, the regional bureau took the initiative to come to the door, introduced the international tax agreements and international common practices to enterprises in detail, advised enterprises to issue the Resident Identity Certificate in time, and helped them successfully complete the credit for the 102 million yuan tax paid in Iraq, effectively serving the "going out" enterprises to achieve stability and prosperity.

After reading today’s content, are you satisfied with the practice of the tax department? Tomorrow, Xiaoyan will show you how the tax department supports the development of large enterprises and traditional state-owned enterprises. See you tomorrow!

(The original title is "How to pay the service fee of 38.34 million Internet cafes? The tax authorities do this ")

　　Recently, National Medical Products Administration reported that Changchun Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Changchun Changsheng") illegally produced rabies vaccine, and there were some behaviors such as record fraud. The death rate of rabies is almost 100%, and the falsification of vaccine production records has aroused widespread concern in society.

Notice of National Medical Products Administration on the illegal production of freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use by Changchun Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (No.60, 2018)

Published on July 15, 2018

According to the clues, National Medical Products Administration organized a flight inspection of Changchun Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and found that there were serious violations of the good manufacturing practice in the production of freeze-dried rabies vaccine for human use.

National Medical Products Administration has asked Jilin Food and Drug Administration to take back its GMP Certificate (certificate number: JL20180024), ordered it to stop the production of rabies vaccine, instructed the enterprise to strictly implement the main responsibility, comprehensively investigate potential risks, and take the initiative to take control measures to ensure the safety of public medication. The investigation team of Jilin Food and Drug Administration has been stationed in the enterprise to investigate the relevant violations of laws and regulations. National Medical Products Administration sent a special inspection team to Jilin to supervise the investigation and disposal.

All batches of products involved in this flight inspection have not yet left the factory and gone on sale, and all products have been effectively controlled.

National Medical Products Administration always puts the safety of people’s medication in the first place, resolutely implements the "four strictest" requirements of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, and will not tolerate the problems found in violation of laws and regulations, and resolutely investigate and deal with them severely according to the law. Anyone suspected of constituting a crime will be transferred to the public security organs for severe punishment.

This is for your information.

the State Drug Administration (SDA)

July 15, 2018

On July 17, Changchun Changsheng issued a statement saying that it had stopped the production of rabies vaccine as required and "deeply apologized". In this regard, many people said that such a big thing should not just be "apologized" but should be "punished".So, should Changchun Changsheng be "punished"? In this regard, the reporter interviewed relevant experts and scholars.

Is the vaccine with false production records a fake drug?

The reporter learned that Article 101 of the Drug Administration Law clearly stipulates that vaccines belong to drugs: drugs refer to substances that are used to prevent, treat and diagnose human diseases, purposefully regulate human physiological functions, and specify indications or functional indications, usage and dosage, including Chinese herbal medicines, Chinese herbal pieces, Chinese patent medicines, chemical raw materials and their preparations, antibiotics, biochemical drugs, radioactive drugs, serum, vaccines, blood products and diagnostic drugs. Ruan Qilin, a professor at China University of Political Science and Law and vice president of china law society Criminal Law Research Association, pointed out that National Medical Products Administration imposed administrative punishment on the rabies vaccine produced by Changchun Changsheng for violating the good manufacturing practice, which also confirmed that China recognized rabies vaccine as a drug.

So, is the vaccine that produces false records a fake drug? Article 48 of the Drug Administration Law stipulates that drugs containing ingredients that are inconsistent with those stipulated in the national drug standards, and those that pass off non-drugs as drugs or pass off other drugs as such drugs are counterfeit drugs. Ruan Qilin said that the "ingredient mismatch" referred to by counterfeit drugs refers to the inconsistency of ingredient types, rather than the substandard content of ingredients.

The reporter learned that the production record is the basic label and file of the product, which not only records the production process of the enterprise, but also records the basic information of the product such as raw materials, preparation, composition, performance, production date and sales destination. "The specific situation of production record fraud is related to the identification of whether the rabies vaccine involved is a counterfeit drug." Liu Junhai, a professor at Renmin University of China and vice president of China Consumers Association, said that the details of Changchun Changsheng’s fraudulent vaccine production records need further investigation.

"If the rabies vaccine involved in the case is fraudulent in the type of active ingredients, it should be considered as a counterfeit drug."Ruan Qilin said that if it is suspected of changing the expiration date or production batch number and reducing the content of active ingredients, it should be identified as inferior drugs according to Article 49 of the Drug Administration Law.

Can you be exempted from legal responsibility without causing adverse reactions?

Although National Medical Products Administration has imposed administrative punishment on Changchun Changsheng for falsifying production records, the company’s claim that all rabies vaccines of the company "have not had any adverse reactions due to product quality problems" cannot rule out the possibility that the company may constitute a criminal offence.

Liu Junhai introduced that the production and sale of counterfeit drugs is enough to seriously endanger human health, which constitutes the crime of producing and selling counterfeit drugs, which is a dangerous crime in criminal form. Article 3 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases of Producing and Selling Fake and Inferior Commodities (hereinafter referred to as the Interpretation) stipulates that if the counterfeit drugs produced and sold are identified by the drug inspection institutions set up or determined by the drug supervision and administration departments at or above the provincial level, they shall be deemed as "enough to seriously endanger human health" as stipulated in Article 141 of the Criminal Law: containing excessive toxic and harmful substances; Does not contain the marked effective ingredients, which may delay the diagnosis and treatment; The indicated indications or functional indications are beyond the prescribed scope, which may cause delay in diagnosis and treatment; Lacking the marked effective ingredients necessary for first aid.

"Once the vaccine involved does not contain the active ingredients indicated in the production records, the potential vaccinators will be in danger." Qi Qilin said.

The reporter learned that the rabies vaccine involved in Changchun Changsheng was not listed for sale. If the production record is only fraudulent in composition content or the expiration date is changed, then the rabies vaccine belongs to "inferior medicine" according to relevant regulations.

Ruan Qilin told reporters that the crime of producing and selling inferior drugs in criminal law belongs to the real crime, and it can only constitute a crime if it has caused serious harm to human health. "If the production and sale of inferior drugs do not cause serious harm to human health, it does not constitute the crime of producing and selling inferior drugs. However, if the sales amount is more than 50,000 yuan, it should constitute the crime of producing and selling fake and inferior products according to the provisions of Article 149 of the Criminal Law." Ruan Qilin said that although Changchun Changsheng has no sales behavior, according to Article 2 of the Interpretation, if the fake and inferior products have not been sold and the value of the goods reaches more than three times the sales amount stipulated in the Criminal Law, they will be convicted and punished for the crime of producing and selling fake and inferior products (attempted). That is to say, in this case, as long as the value of the rabies vaccine involved reaches 150,000 yuan, it can be concluded that Changchun Changsheng constitutes the crime of producing fake and inferior products.

If Changchun Changsheng’s production record of rabies vaccine involved in the case is not related to the fraud of items listed in Articles 48 and 49 of the Drug Administration Law, but other general production records, Ruan Qilin said that in this case, Changchun Changsheng will not constitute a crime, but the production record fraud violates the good manufacturing practice, and administrative responsibility is inevitable.

How to standardize the honest production of pharmaceutical companies?

It is understood that Changchun Changsheng has not been named for the first time. On November 3, 2017, the former State Food and Drug Administration detected that the titer index of DTP vaccine with batch number 201605014-01 produced by Changchun Changsheng did not meet the standard.

"Why do pharmaceutical companies refuse to change their education? The key is that the illegal cost of pharmaceutical companies is too low, and they are fined, changed their drug names and continued to operate. " Liu Junhai said that in order to achieve the effect of dealing with one piece of education, we must grasp the typical cases and deal with them strictly according to law. Once Changchun Changsheng constitutes a criminal offence, it should not only bear the corresponding criminal responsibility, but also strictly implement the industry ban system.

The reporter learned that Article 75 of the Drug Administration Law clearly stipulates that the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel of enterprises or other units engaged in the production and sale of counterfeit drugs and the production and sale of inferior drugs shall not engage in drug production and business activities within ten years. "In addition to strictly implementing the supervision of pharmaceutical companies, relevant government departments should actively guide pharmaceutical companies to establish the concept of safety first and honest management, and enhance the credibility and core competitiveness of vaccine manufacturers." Liu Junhai said.

There are still four questions to be solved behind the immortal creatures.

Ask

Why did it take nearly 9 months to announce the punishment decision?

On July 15th, National Medical Products Administration notified Changchun Changsheng Rabies Vaccine, a subsidiary of Changsheng Bio, of the problem of falsification of production records, and the lid of the problematic vaccine was uncovered due to an insider’s report. Jilin Food and Drug Administration has withdrawn its GMP Certificate and stopped the production of rabies vaccine. The investigation is still going on. As of the last trading day, Changsheng Bio shares have been down for five consecutive days. Meanwhile, another cover was opened. On July 19, Changsheng Bio issued an announcement and received a penalty decision on the old case of DTP vaccine.

On July 20th, Jilin Food and Drug Administration made this decision public in official website, and the date of signature was July 18th.

It has been nearly nine months since this decision was made. It was only three days after the incident of rabies vaccine.

What is the consideration for this time arrangement? Voice of China reporter called several people in charge of Jilin Food and Drug Administration several times last night, but no one answered or hung up the reporter’s call.

Second question

Where is the problem vaccine?

The penalty decision stated that 186 remaining vaccines in stock were confiscated. However, beyond the inventory, 252,600 problematic vaccines have been sold to Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Where are these vaccines? Among the public reports, a report published in the Beijing News on November 5 last year mentioned — — The report quoted the person in charge of the marketing department of Shandong Food and Drug Administration as saying: 1. Relevant departments are carrying out the recall work; 2. The problem drugs have all been sealed. 3. There is no problem with the safety of this batch of drugs, but the titer is not up to standard. At present, no cases of problems with the vaccination of this batch of vaccines have been found.

　

Regarding the statement of safety, experts from China Center for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed that it may affect the immune protection effect, but the risk of vaccination safety has not increased.

But how many vaccines have entered the market? Is it all sealed up, or is it true that some children have been injected with the problem vaccine, and how many? Are there any children who are sick and have their health damaged because of the problem vaccine? How do parents judge whether their children are vaccinated with a problem vaccine and whether there are any relief channels?

Voice of China reporter tried to ask the relevant person in charge of Shandong Food and Drug Administration last night, but did not get a reply. On the other hand, the State Administration of Markets said that it would consider responding to relevant issues on Monday.

Three questions

Are immortals hiding something?

According to the Measures for the Administration of Information Disclosure of Listed Companies, when a company is suspected of violating laws and regulations and is investigated by the competent authorities, and investors have not yet learned about it, the listed company shall immediately disclose the cause, current status and possible impact of the incident. However, it was not until three days ago that Changsheng Bio broke the silence, disclosed the penalties and admitted that the DTP workshop had stopped production.

According to another report in shanghai securities news, in the 2015 annual report of Changsheng Bio, the number of DTP batches issued by the company was about 5.62 million, ranking first among the six vaccine products sold by the company. In the annual reports of the company in 2016 and 2017, it was still stated that the products sold by Changchun Changsheng included DTP vaccine, but the batch number of vaccines was not disclosed. Another change is that DTP has also disappeared in the company’s product picture list for sale in the past two years.

When did the company stop the production of DTP vaccine? The announcement didn’t say.

Last night, no one answered the external calls of Changsheng Bio.

On July 20, Shenzhen Stock Exchange issued a letter of concern, requesting Changsheng Bio to make supplementary explanations on the proportion of products in the company’s revenue, the specific impact on the company and the countermeasures to be taken by the company. In addition, the company is required to explain whether there is any untimely information disclosure and other matters such as the company’s production and operation.

At the regular press conference of the CSRC on the same day, Gao Li, spokesperson of the CSRC, also talked about the information disclosure of listed companies. She said that with the continuous strengthening of supervision and law enforcement, the disclosure quality of financial information of listed companies has been greatly improved in recent years, but the disclosure quality of other major events still needs to be improved. All major events that may have a greater impact on the stock trading price of listed companies should be disclosed in time according to law, fully explaining the cause, current status and possible impact of the event. In the next step, the CSRC will do a good job in related work and severely crack down on various types of illegal information disclosure.

Gao Li: "The information disclosure obligations stipulated in the Securities Law and the Measures for the Administration of Information Disclosure of Listed Companies are diverse and rich in content. Any major event that may have a great impact on the stock trading price of listed companies should be disclosed in time according to law, fully explaining the cause, current status and possible impact of the event."

Four questions

Is the punishment of Jilin Food and Drug Administration too light?

The penalty decision shows that for the DTP vaccine involved, a total of 858,800 yuan of illegal income was confiscated, and a fine of 2.584 million yuan was imposed for three times the value of illegally produced drugs.

A total of 250,000 problematic vaccines were fined 3,442,900 yuan, and there were many doubts.

However, the punishment decision also clarifies the punishment basis — — According to the Drug Administration Law, those who produce and sell inferior drugs shall have their illegally produced and sold drugs and illegal income confiscated, and shall be fined for more than one time and less than three times the value of illegally produced and sold drugs; Inferior drugs are mainly used by pregnant women, infants and children, and will be severely punished within the scope of punishment.

On the other hand, the Drug Administration Law also stipulates that if the circumstances of producing and selling inferior drugs are serious, it shall be ordered to stop production, suspend business for rectification or revoke the drug approval documents and relevant licenses; If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Many legal professionals told reporters that within the existing legal framework, triple punishment is indeed a "heavier punishment"; As for whether the circumstances are "serious", it is difficult to determine that there is no evidence to prove that the DTP vaccine involved has had a great impact. However, they also said that China’s current handling of similar violations of laws and regulations is light and the warning is not enough.

A senior lawyer suggested that similar acts should be capped with ten times punishment, but he also admitted that the current Drug Administration Law was revised only 15 years ago, and it is unlikely to be revised again in a short time.

"I didn’t expect to get into such a big trouble just because of a dish."

Mr. Li, 61, has suffered from chronic kidney disease for many years. He usually pays great attention to his health and has been eating lightly.

But not long ago, Mr. Li suddenly felt weak, unable to eat, and nauseous and vomited. After going to the hospital for examination, the serum creatinine value soared to more than 900, which was diagnosed as acute kidney injury, and he had to rely on hemodialysis for the rest of his life.

The doctor said that the "behind-the-scenes" of all this was the spinach that Mr. Li ate before his illness. Why is this?

01

Delicious spinach on the dining table, why does it cause kidney damage?

In daily life, everyone has eaten spinach, which contains various vitamins and minerals. But it is such a nutritious vegetable, why does Mr. Li eat it so badly that he needs dialysis?

Zhou Fangfang, deputy director of the Department of Nephrology, the Second Hospital of Ningbo, said that the cause of the patient’s illness is oxalic acid in spinach. Excessive intake of oxalic acid will promote the formation of calcium oxalate stones, which in turn will cause obstruction and damage the kidneys.

Does that mean you can’t eat spinach in the future? Don’t worry, in fact, as long as you do one more step: blanching, the worrying situation will not appear.

Mao Lichan, deputy chief physician of Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, reminded that vegetables rich in oxalic acid can be blanched for 60 seconds before cooking to remove most of the oxalic acid. It is suggested that when choosing spinach, try to choose tender spinach, and the oxalic acid content will be lower.

At the same time, you can eat it with some foods such as rape, mushrooms, kelp, eggplant, etc., which will help to discharge oxalic acid as soon as possible and reduce the chance of stone formation.

Dr. Mao Lichan also said that if there are symptoms such as decreased urination, edema, nausea and vomiting after eating foods rich in oxalic acid, you must seek medical attention in time to check your renal function, so as to avoid the course of chronic kidney disease and even life-threatening.

Some people who have calcium oxalate stones, kidney diseases or other metabolic diseases themselves are advised not to eat spinach as much as possible.

02

There are five kinds of vegetables that can only be eaten after blanching, so don’t try to save trouble.

Blanching is a step in cooking. Not all ingredients need to be blanched, but except spinach, the following five kinds have reasons for blanching. No matter how lazy you are, don’t save this step.

1. Nitrite: Toona sinensis and celery.

Toona sinensis and celery have higher nitrate content, especially in some old leaves. When cooking, it is easy for the body to ingest excessive nitrate without blanching. This substance enters the body and reacts with gastric acid and protein decomposition products to produce nitrosamines, which will be harmful to health.

2. Contains plant lectin: green beans

There is a high content of phytoagglutinin in leguminous vegetables such as green beans, sword beans and lentils. This is a toxic glycoprotein, which is difficult to kill without adequate heating, and will cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea after eating. When cooking, it’s best to blanch first, which can largely avoid being undercooked.

3. Colchicine: fresh day lily

There is colchicine in fresh day lily, which will be oxidized into colchicine in the body after being absorbed by gastrointestinal tract. It has strong toxicity and will affect the function of gastrointestinal mucosa and respiratory system, leading to gastrointestinal discomfort, abdominal pain and vomiting.

It is generally not recommended that you eat fresh daylily. If you have to eat it, you can blanch it for 2~3 minutes before cooking, and then soak it in clear water for 2 hours before cooking.

4. May be contaminated by parasites: water chestnut and lotus root.

Water chestnut, lotus root and other aquatic plants may have parasites on them, so you must not make cold salad directly, and blanch it for 2~3 minutes before eating.

5. There may be pesticide residues and eggs: broccoli and cauliflower.

Vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower are difficult to clean, and there may be some pesticide residues and eggs in them, so blanching before cooking can greatly reduce the risk. It is recommended to blanch for 1~2 minutes.

03

If you blanch correctly and eat healthy, you can rest assured of these five points.

"Blanching water" looks simple, but if you want to affect the taste and nutritional value of food as little as possible, there is a lot of stress in it. Do the following five steps, eat healthy and eat delicious food.

1. Pot Rigadeau with some water

When blanching vegetables, you should put as much water as possible, with no vegetables as the minimum. This can shorten the blanching time and preserve the texture and nutrition of vegetables as much as possible.

Step 2 control the time

The blanching time should not be too long each time, otherwise it will lead to a large loss of nutrients in vegetables and the taste will become worse.

3. blanching together is exquisite

When you need to blanch a variety of different vegetables at a time, it is recommended to blanch the light-colored vegetables first, and then blanch the heavy-smelling vegetables with dark colors.

4. Don’t cut too small pieces

After cleaning vegetables, it is recommended not to cut them into pieces and blanch them directly, which can reduce the nutrient loss of vegetables and make them taste better.

5. Add some salt and oil when blanching.

Doing so can keep the color of vegetables green and prevent oxidase from destroying chlorophyll.

If you are not sure whether the blanched vegetables are good or not, you can also directly choose to make them into boiled vegetables, drain the water after taking them out of the pot and pour them with soy sauce, and the delicious and healthy vegetables will be ready.

References:

[1] "Shocked! Retching, abdominal distension, low back pain after a dish of home cooking … and acute kidney injury. Nephrology expert: In fact, many people love this vegetable, but the cooking method is exquisite. Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2022-12-19

[2] "Don’t forget to blanch these four kinds of vegetables before eating". Health Management Center of Fujian Second Hospital 2023-05-17

[3] "Seven kinds of ingredients bring their own harmful substances, and they must be" blanched "before eating". Life Times 2023-04-04.

Reprinting is prohibited without the permission and authorization of the author.

Read the original text

1905 movie network news According to the data of Cat’s Eye Professional Edition, in the first week of the film’s release, the global cumulative box office reached US$ 266 million, surpassing the film "Bear with Me" (221 million) to enter the top nine in the global box office list in 2023, including US$ 67.5 million in North America and RMB 542 million in Chinese mainland.

"Speed and Passion 10" is the final chapter of the "Speed" series. The film has both feelings and surprises, and the box office reputation is soaring. At present, the cat’s eye score is 8.9 and the Taobao Film score is 9.0. The story tells that the speeding family has once again encountered an unprecedented crisis, and everyone is in danger. Faced with difficult choices, Boss Tang joined hands with his former enemies to fight against powerful villains.