CCTV News:Fire extinguisher is a common fire-fighting product. In the early stage of a fire, choosing a suitable fire extinguisher may avoid a bigger fire and minimize the loss. However, some lawless people have taken a wrong view of the fire extinguisher, an important fire fighting equipment.

　　Since November last year, the fire department of Harbin has received reports from the masses. A group of people wearing standard police uniforms went to hotels, small supermarkets and other places to carry out "fire inspection" on fire-fighting products such as fire extinguishers. After the inspection, they began to sell fire extinguishers to businesses.

　　After receiving reports from the masses, the fire supervision and inspection personnel found during the inspection that the maintenance unit written on the maintenance certificate of these fire extinguishers was Jinjiang Fire Equipment Distribution Department in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province. Harbin Fire Brigade immediately retrieved the list of third-class qualified enterprises in Heilongjiang Province, and found that there was no such enterprise named Jinjiang Fire Equipment Distribution Department in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province.

　　Subsequently, when firefighters sampled these fire extinguishers and took them to the National Fire Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center for testing, it was found that the dry powder in the fire extinguishers could not meet the requirements of fire extinguishing at all, and the pressure in some fire extinguishers did not meet the national standards at all, which was an unqualified product.

　　The fire department reported the findings to the Harbin Public Security Bureau. After the public security department took surveillance video and visited and investigated, the whereabouts of the two suspects were found.

　　Subsequently, the police confirmed the appearance and activity track of the suspects Sun and Zhu through further interviews and investigations. At the same time, they also found cheating tools and counterfeit fire extinguishers stored in their garages. After confirming the evidence, the police arrested two suspects.

　　After investigation, the police found a large number of fire extinguishers that needed to be replaced in the suspect’s garage. In addition, dark blue uniforms, epaulettes, armbands, etc. were also found. According to the criminal suspect, the annual inspection stickers with the words "Jinjiang Fire Equipment Distribution Department, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province" posted on the fire extinguisher were all purchased from the Internet. Since April last year, they have been engaged in this illegal act, and have made illegal profits of more than 100,000 yuan. At present, the two suspects have been detained in criminal detention and the case is still under further investigation.

Although the upheaval in the Middle East continues, the "Arab Spring", which was full of passion and optimism, has been gradually replaced by pessimism, suspicion and anger, and even has the saying of "Arab Autumn" or "Arab Winter". It starts with a bang and ends with a scribble, which is a true portrayal of the chaos in the Middle East in the past year.

On December 17th, 2010, the self-immolation of a hawker in Tunisia triggered a "butterfly effect", which not only caused Ben Ali, who had been in power for 23 years, to step down, but also triggered an unprecedented political turmoil throughout West Asia and North Africa. Almost all Arab countries were involved in it, and several strongmen’s regimes that had been in power for decades were overthrown, and the turmoil has not been completely settled. So far, this vigorous political upheaval has been going on for a whole year, and people are still full of doubts about the related issues related to the upheaval in the Middle East, so it is necessary to make a comprehensive inventory.

The political ecology in the Middle East is beyond recognition, and different types of countries face different situations.

After experiencing the "Arab turmoil" like big waves, the political ecology in the Middle East has changed beyond recognition: Tunisia, Egypt, Yemen, Libya and other countries have changed their dynasties, the Syrian Bashar regime is facing an unprecedented severe test, and the Gulf monarchy represented by Saudi Arabia is temporarily safe and sound. In countries where political upheaval has taken place, the intensity and intensity of the turmoil are also different: there has been no major bloodshed in the alternation of political power in Egypt, Tunisia and other countries; The regime change in Libya, Syria, Yemen and other countries has evolved into a full-scale armed conflict with heavy weapons, highlighting the true nature of jungle politics.

This raises a question, which type of country is most prone to turmoil, and what causes such a huge difference in the way of regime change? According to people’s general understanding, the more advanced the regime, the more stable the political situation should be. The Republic is obviously more advanced than the monarchy, so according to this logic, the former should be more stable than the latter. However, the reality of the turmoil in the Middle East is just the opposite. Up to now, the regime in the Middle East has basically collapsed or suffered a serious crisis, while Jordan and the Gulf monarchies, which implemented the traditional monarchy and were the least optimistic in advance, have survived safely to this day. Some people think that this is related to the wealth of the country, but this cannot explain why Libya, which is also a rich country, has political turmoil and even regime change, while the Gulf countries can survive; The same poor countries, why Egypt and Yemen are in serious turmoil, while Jordan is safe and sound. Therefore, it is obviously not enough to simply explain the turmoil in the Middle East from the perspective of people’s livelihood.

Which countries in the Middle East are more prone to turmoil is directly related to their internal social and political structures. On the surface, the regimes in the Middle East countries are divided into two categories: republic and monarchy, but there is not much difference between the two regimes in terms of actual governance. If we can see the essence through the phenomenon, we can find that there are actually three types of political ruling structures in Middle East countries, and the degree of turmoil in Middle East countries is directly related to this.

The first type is the isomorphic elite rule mode in which a few elites rule the majority of the people, such as Egypt and Tunisia.

Tribes/sects in such countries are not strong in color, and there is no difference between those in power and their powerful state departments and the people on the issue of identity and ownership. Therefore, the contradiction between those in power and the people in such countries is mainly class contradiction, and the nature of regime change in such countries is relatively simple. Although the confrontation is fierce, it is not a "zero-sum game" to the death. For example, after Egypt’s Mubarak mobilized troops to enter Cairo’s Tahrir Square, the protesters welcomed the troops, and the troops refused to shoot at the people. Mubarak felt that the general situation was over and took the initiative to resign, so that the regime change in the country was completed in a bloodless way. At the same time, the Republican system of government in these countries determines that the highest power of the country belongs to the state apparatus, and both those in power and the people recognize the fact that "family inheritance" is illegal from the bottom of their hearts, so such attempts by those in power can only be half-covered and half-covered, and they are often pushed down.

The second type is the alien elite rule mode in which minority tribes and sects are in power, such as Libya, Syria, Yemen and Iraq before.

The consciousness of tribes or sects in these countries is quite distinct, most of the people in power belong to a certain tribe or sect, and most of the members of their power core circle come from the same tribe or sect, and the policy of governance also gives priority to the interests of their own tribes and sects. For example, there are hundreds of tribes in Libya, and Gaddafi’s elite armed forces and even personal guards all come from their own Kadafa tribe, and the oil interests are mainly tilted towards this tribe. There are about 200 tribes in Yemen, mainly divided into four tribal alliances. Saleh has been able to sit on the presidency for more than 30 years precisely because he comes from the most powerful "Hashed" tribal alliance in Yemen.

This specific social and political structure makes those in power form a "concentric circle" sectarian tradition and the rules of the game. They are endlessly and unconditionally loyal to their own people, but have no sympathy for people and regions outside the tribe. They regard other tribes as their legitimate victims and can plunder or kill them at will. Reflected in real politics, it is that those in power tend to take high-handed measures against the opposition, rather than sit down and negotiate on an equal footing. In their minds, if the opposition is not suppressed, people will think that he is weak and will lose respect. This tribal opposition and violent tendency can well explain why seemingly normal political protests in these countries have rapidly evolved into deadly violent confrontation.

The third is the traditional elite rule mode, mainly hereditary monarchy countries, such as Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Morocco.

In terms of political structure, the rulers of these countries include all kinds of elites in traditional society. For example, Saudi Arabia is a political marriage between the Saudi royal family and Wahhabi Sect, and its members hold important positions in various government agencies, which makes the government have strong executive power. From the perspective of economic structure, most of these countries are rich oil-producing countries, and the source of their wealth is underground resources instead of taxing the people. On the contrary, the government has to provide various benefits to the people, thus forming a kind of "asylum system" rule. As the saying goes, "no taxes, no representation", the people do not have much confidence to demand more political rights. In addition, the founding of such countries is originally a "family rule" and hereditary rule. Therefore, if people want to rise up against such regimes, they often face the double obstacles of legalism and orthodoxy. In addition, these countries "turned over a new leaf" after this round of Middle East wave, vigorously promoted reforms, and even eased the antagonism of the domestic people.

To some extent, it is precisely because of the differences in social and political structure that different types of countries in the Middle East show different viability in the "Arab turmoil".

From "Arab Spring" to "Arab Autumn": Impact Assessment of Current Middle East Turbulence

Turbulence is widespread in the Middle East countries, which is largely due to the accumulation of internal disadvantages, and has reached the point where it is necessary to change. Therefore, the "Arab turmoil tide" is not only a strong resistance to the status quo, but also an element of exploring new ways for national prosperity. In this sense, this "Arab turmoil" can indeed be called the "Arab Spring".

However, over the past year or so of turmoil in the Middle East, the effect of this kind of political exploration is obviously not satisfactory. From an economic point of view, the turmoil in the Middle East has aggravated the economic recession of these countries and may lead them into a vicious circle. According to the report released by the International Monetary Fund in October, the drastic changes in the Middle East have caused at least $55 billion in economic losses to the affected countries. Among them, Libya and Syria were the hardest hit, followed by Egypt, Tunisia, Bahrain and Yemen. The GDP of these countries has decreased by at least $20.6 billion, and the fiscal balance has deteriorated. Libya suffered the most, and the country’s economic activities basically stopped, with a GDP loss of $7.7 billion and a national financial loss of $6.5 billion. In Egypt, public expenditure increased to $5.5 billion in the first nine months of 2011, while fiscal revenue decreased by $75 million. In Yemen, riots caused losses of $858 million to government finances. In Tunisia, 80% of enterprises in the country were hit by the turmoil, which led to a sharp rise in the number of unemployed people, and now it has exceeded 700,000. At the same time, prices in the country have soared and some necessities are in short supply. The economies of Tunisia, Egypt and other countries are very dependent on tourism, and the domestic political turmoil has made many tourist attractions inaccessible, which has made the economic situation worse.

In the political field, although many countries have completed regime change, the political situation is still a mess. In Tunisia, statistics show that since March this year, there have been an average of 110 to 150 demonstrations or sit-ins and 150 to 180 traffic blocking incidents nationwide. After the completion of the parliamentary election in October 2011, the power struggle among political parties became increasingly fierce, which forced the parliament, which was sworn in shortly, to adjourn. In Libya, armed forces of different factions stationed in the capital Tripoli have clashed from time to time. In Womis, southwest of Tripoli, since December 10th, the local armed forces of Zintan and the local Mashashiya tribe have exchanged fire for three consecutive days. On December 10, the convoy of the chief of staff of the Transitional Government Army was attacked in Tripoli, and some officials accused Zintan militants of trying to "assassinate". On December 12th, the largest demonstration broke out in Benghazi after Gaddafi’s downfall. Tens of thousands of people took to the streets and shouted slogans such as "The revolution started in Benghazi and resolutely defended the fruits of the revolution" to express their strong dissatisfaction, indignation and disappointment with the "Transitional Committee". In Egypt, since the military took over the state power, domestic demonstrations still broke out frequently, resulting in casualties. Protesters, represented by youth organizations, demanded that the military hand over power as soon as possible, and held demonstrations several times to brew a "second revolution."

Middle East countries are in a "painful period" of breaking the old and establishing the new.

Middle East countries are still in chaos, partly because these countries are in a "painful period" of breaking the old and establishing the new, and it takes time and patience to return to normal. But the more important reason is that the medicine is not symptomatic. Arab countries are suffering from a "decline syndrome". Lebanese scholar Antoine Mesala once said, "There is no Arab regime that has a serious minority problem and a serious majority problem". According to the author’s understanding, the so-called minority problem is actually due to the lack of democracy and freedom (specifically, the lack of "freedom" rather than "democracy"), resulting in the neglect of the legitimate rights and interests of the minority; The so-called majority problem is actually that a few powerful people oppress and extract the majority people, which leads to polarization between the rich and the poor, rampant corruption and increasingly prominent class contradictions. At present, the Arab people are protesting, mainly because they have not solved the "majority problem". Therefore, in order to get the country out of the predicament and get on the right track, we should first strengthen the "people’s nature" of the political power. In other words, the key to measure the success of a revolution is not what kind of regime is implemented, but which class will come to power in the future and what kind of ideology will be implemented, that is, "what flag to raise and what road to take."

However, after the current Arab upheaval, for various reasons, the successor obviously did not seriously think about these core issues. Moreover, because the Arab people are tired of the strongman politics that has been maintained for many years, just as the pendulum will inevitably move in the opposite direction after moving in one direction, the political transformation in the Middle East is developing towards decentralization and democratization. Indeed, Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and other countries have made political reconstruction schedules and started the process of "political democratization" after completing the "regime change". But obviously, democratization will not automatically solve the "majority problem" of the country.

In fact, as early as the 1920s, some Arab countries (such as Egypt and Jordan) had established parliamentary democracy to varying degrees (this period was called the "free Arab period"). But it turns out that this system can’t solve all kinds of deep-seated problems facing the country. These democracies, which are talked about by some people, are actually a huge "tofu dregs project". In fact, no country in the third world has achieved national prosperity by first realizing democratization. On the contrary, many countries have lost their effectiveness and have to rely on external powers after implementing democratization. Based on this, it is not difficult to understand why most Arab countries pursued military/strongman politics during the most prestigious period in the world in the 1950s and 1960s. Therefore, hastily starting democratization will only lead this magnificent political movement astray.

From a practical point of view, the final result of this democratization movement of "only asking for votes, not asking for opinions" is to make the political Islamic forces that have been dormant for many years become the biggest beneficiaries. In Tunisia, the Baath Movement Party won 89 of the 217 seats in the Constituent Assembly election on October 23, 2011, becoming the largest party in the Constituent Assembly; In the first stage of Egypt’s elections, Islamic parties, mainly the Freedom and Justice Party of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Bright Party of the Salafist faction, won more than 60% of the votes, while the secular Egyptian League and the veteran Waffle Party only won 20% of the votes; Morocco’s House of Representatives held an early general election on November 25th, and the moderate Islamic party Justice and Development Party won 107 of the 395 seats, far ahead of other political parties. When the Libyan transitional government was established on November 24th, its leaders also indicated that Islam would be the legislative basis in the future.

The reason why Islamic forces can gain power is not that they represent some advanced productive forces or advanced culture, but largely because these countries have practiced high-handed rule for many years and there is no political opposition in the modern sense, thus enabling religious forces like the Muslim Brotherhood to accumulate strength and grow stronger. Are these Islamic forces capable of leading the country out of the predicament? From the perspective of class attributes, although the Muslim Brotherhood claims to represent the middle and lower classes, its top level is almost all billionaires, so it is doubtful whether its future policies can truly represent the lower classes. From the ideological point of view, its leading ideology is Islamic doctrine, but it is difficult to provide effective guiding principles for national modernization; From a historical perspective, these political Islamic forces have always played the role of "opponents", and it is doubtful whether they can lead the country out of the predicament and embark on the road of prosperity. Therefore, although the democratization of these countries is in full swing, people in Egypt and other countries continue to protest and try to carry out the "second revolution". Obviously, they are dissatisfied with this solution and try to find a new way to break through.

Western intervention has changed the nature of the "Arab turmoil" and the road to Arab revival has become more difficult.

The turmoil in the Middle East was originally an endogenous turmoil, which was mainly caused by internal factors, and the focus of public protests was mainly aimed at domestic authorities. However, because most of the countries in turmoil are pro-Western countries, the turmoil in the Middle East has greatly impacted the vested interests of the West that have been maintained in the Middle East for many years. After a short period of hesitation and vacillation, western countries began to take the opportunity to reshape the Middle East order, turn unfavorable factors into favorable ones, and safeguard their own interests to the maximum extent. Obviously, the western intervention in the Middle East obviously pursues "multiple standards": trying to protect the current regime in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries, encouraging and conniving the government to suppress popular protests; For Egypt, Tunisia, Yemen and other countries that are in serious turmoil and the situation is difficult to clean up, they will make use of the situation and try to bring their future trends into the western track; For Libya, Syria, Iran and other countries that are anti-western or have a bad relationship with the West, it will add fuel to the flames and even directly carry out military strikes. However, the external interference by the west for selfish purposes has made the regional situation more complicated.

In particular, the Libyan war launched by NATO in March 2011 marked the beginning of the political struggle in the Middle East and entered a new stage of western military intervention and forced shaping of the regional pattern. On the surface, the war was authorized by the United Nations. In fact, it not only ignored the spirit of regional organizations in Resolution 1973, but also exceeded the stipulation that Resolution 1973 only authorized the establishment of a "no-fly zone". NATO claimed to "prevent a humanitarian disaster", but before Libya’s war, there were only a few hundred casualties in internal conflicts, and the situation has basically subsided. The indiscriminate bombing and the expansion of the war in the West caused more than 30,000 deaths and more than 50,000 injuries in Libya, and a large number of basic facilities were destroyed. Therefore, it is essentially an unjust war. The internal contradictions in Libya were far from the need to change the dynasty, but the western military intervention forcibly changed the original political process of the country, which plunged Libya from a stable and rich country with the highest living standard in Africa into chaos. The political situation in Libya in the post-Gaddafi era is likely to become a vassal of the West and a bridgehead for advancing into Africa.

What is particularly lamentable is that such an unjust war of the West against Arab countries has actually been actively endorsed by many Arab countries, and even directly participated in the "encirclement" of the Qaddafi regime. We should know that if the Arab world wants to achieve national rejuvenation and get rid of the vicious circle, it is the basic premise to achieve internal Arab unity. The performance of most Arab countries in the Libyan war shows that the Arab world is getting farther and farther away from realizing the dream of national rejuvenation. This seemingly massive upheaval in the Middle East will not make the countries in the region truly embark on the road of revival, but will still be the victims of the politics of western powers. Facts also show that after the successful intervention in Libya, the appetite and confidence of the West to transplant the "Libya model" in the region doubled. Therefore, just after the end of the Libyan war, the West began to step up pressure on Syria and Iran, which made the situation in Syria and Iraq increasingly tense. Syria is located in the heart of the Arab world, and once its situation gets out of control, it is likely to cause unexpected turmoil throughout the Middle East.

Sow the dragon seeds, but reap the fleas. The turbulent upheaval in the Middle East was originally a progressive movement with civil rights, people’s livelihood and nationality as its main demands, but the nature of this "Middle East Wave" has become increasingly stale due to the combined effects of various negative factors inside and outside. Although the upheaval in the Middle East continues, the "Arab Spring", which was full of passion and optimism, has been gradually replaced by pessimism, suspicion and anger, and even has the saying of "Arab Autumn" or "Arab Winter". It starts with a bang and ends with a scribble, which is a true portrayal of the chaos in the Middle East in the past year.

　　Recently, the discussion of "996" swept the public opinion field, from employees who spit out, internet giants and even scientists and scholars, a discussion about "struggle" and "life", "work" and "health" aroused people’s resonance.

　　On the one hand, programmers launched the counterattack of "996 today, ICU tomorrow", on the other hand, 996 was praised as a flower by some bosses. On April 11th, Ma Yun said that being able to "996" is a great blessing, and many people have no chance to "996". How can we achieve the desired success without making efforts and time to surpass others? The next night, he said in Weibo that any company should not and cannot force employees to "996". Don’t defend 996, but pay tribute to the strugglers!

　　Liu Qiangdong also posted in the circle of friends, sharing his struggle history of "8116+8" working mode, starting at 8 am and working until 11 pm, working 6 days a week and 8 hours on Sunday. Compared with programmers, high-intensity work is commonplace, and even "711" (11 am to 11 pm, working 7 days a week) is very common.

　　In GitHub, the first code hosting website to discuss "996·ICU", more than 40 enterprises were exposed to implement the "996" working system. "996" has long been the "hidden rule" of the Internet industry. So, is it really a choice between hard work and a happy life?

　　Active "996" has gained a lot, forcing "996" everyone to shout.

　　After nearly a year of "996", Qiang Wenhao resigned as the director of an Internet company (search engine optimization) in Beijing and went to a "965" company. Although the working hours are no different now than before, he feels "like heaven."

　　Qiang Wenhao is 26 years old. His work for nearly a year has made him gain dozens of pounds and suffer from gout. This year’s work also made him see the world: "996" is nothing, and there are also "9-12-6 (9: 00 am to 12: 00 pm, 6 days a week)" and "9-12-7 (9: 00 am to early morning, 7 days a week)".

　　"Active 996 is different from compulsory 996. Active 996 can gain a lot." For Qiang Wenhao, he went through at least one cycle: in the last company, he went from active "996" to passive "996"; After leaving the company to take private jobs, you still have to work overtime, and it has become an active "996".

　　As a management, his experience is deeper. From adding workload to front-line employees, cutting off overtime benefits, and canceling overtime pay, Qiang Wenhao tried his best to appease the team’s mood, but he could not avoid the reality that "996" changed from an option to the only one. Finally, employees left voluntarily, from a few hundred to only a few dozen. Qiang wenhao is exhausted.

　　Unlike Qiang Wenhao, Qin Zuo (a pseudonym) is a staunch opponent of "996". As a senior software development expert of a Fortune 500 foreign-funded company, Qin Zuo has been enjoying the "preferential" 8-hour flexible working system for the past three years, and has never worked overtime.

　　At the Zhihu, he and others discussed the "996" working system, which made workers more aware of their rights, which made him feel that his efforts had been valuable. Qin Zuo said that programming, as a kind of mental work, has no absolute linear relationship between output and labor time. With a high degree of concentration in 8 hours’ work, the output will be competitive enough. In his experience, after high-intensity labor, the brain will be very chaotic. Bugs caused by forced work will only take you several times more time to fix. "The technical sages realized this as early as decades ago, so that’s why they got the famous Myth of Man and Moon." (The book puts forward that the primary reason for the delay of software projects is the lack of reasonable schedule, which is praised as the "holy book" of management in the software field)

　　Qin Zuo said that a few years ago, "996" and "wolf spirit" were all crowned with the name of struggle, and bosses and employees applauded. Now, many people are shouting. "From the public opinion, the so-called’ 996′ has no soil for survival. This is a visible progress. This progress cannot be separated from the cry of every worker."

　　Chen Dayou (a pseudonym) is a newcomer to a venture capital company. He laughed at himself, saying that people who work in Beijing have no life. Dealing with entrepreneurs every day, he has long been accustomed to their working conditions of 7×24 hours, 365 days a day. Like many young people in this industry, it is difficult for him to distinguish between life and work. It is common to work overtime after dinner. Even if you make an appointment for brunch on weekends, you will wonder if you can make an appointment with an entrepreneur to talk about work.

　　Then, if the boss puts forward the "996" working system to Chen Dayou, will he accept it?

　　"I will point to the boss’s nose and scold him." Chen Dayou said that for start-ups, it is a failure to rely on a rigid system to make employees work hard for the boss’s vision.

　　However, in Chen Dayou’s view, for the industry, if a person loves it enough, he must accept its "rules." Whether it’s "996" or something else. Otherwise, even if you don’t really like it, maybe this person is really not the person these companies are looking for.

　　Where is the "degree" of overtime work

　　Recently, an anonymous report about sogou Company in the pulse post made Wang Xiaochuan, CEO of sogou Company, unable to sit still.

　　It was revealed that sogou began to count overtime hours and lay off employees, so colleagues around him "dawdled" for 11 hours. In this regard, Wang Xiaochuan said that the company has no such requirement, and even if there is, the employees who waste time like this are irresponsible to themselves and the company.

　　Wang Xiaochuan sent a screenshot of this conversation to his Sina Weibo, and forwarded: 1. sogou did not engage in "counting overtime hours for layoffs", and the work was driven by goals and wishes, not coercion; 2. Sincere communication and common growth are the values of sogou. My email address and internal IM are open to every employee in sogou. Please ask me directly if you have any questions. 3. We will not tolerate those who do not agree with sogou’s values and are unwilling to meet the challenge with sogou.

　　Among the top five popular comments in Weibo, four expressed dissatisfaction with sogou’s substantial support for overtime work, and another claimed to be a former employee of sogou, saying that sogou was the most humane, conscientious and considerate of employees in Internet companies, and paid the monthly salary 10 days in advance, regardless of the length of service.

　　Coincidentally, the media recently broke the news that Nikolay Storonsky, CEO of Revolut, a Silicon Valley startup, said in an internal email that "the KPI bonus may not be finished" and also suggested that some product managers and team leaders were behind the process and did not work overtime to catch up on weekends. Such people "will be dismissed without notice after the review if their performance is not as expected".

　　Such behavior is becoming more and more open, and in the name of corporate culture, it attracts job seekers with the same values. In response to the discussion about "996" in China, Jiang Ying, dean of the School of Law of the Institute of Labor Relations, said that he did not recognize this "corporate culture". She told China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter that the Labor Law aims to protect and balance the rights and interests of workers and enterprises, hoping to protect the physical and mental health of workers and avoid labor accidents caused by overwork.

　　Jiang Ying said that the protection of workers’ rights and interests is in step with a country’s economic development. China is still in the primary stage of socialism, but the Labor Law protects the rights and interests of workers to a relatively high degree. The benign production and operation of enterprises is also the protection of workers’ rights and interests. When enterprises encounter difficulties, they should at least keep the bottom line of the law. Jiang Ying pointed out that at present, the law does not prohibit overtime work, so long as certain procedures are followed, overtime work within certain limits is allowed.

　　Article 36 of the Labor Law stipulates that the state practices a working-hour system in which workers work no more than eight hours a day and no more than 44 hours a week on average. Article 41 stipulates that due to the needs of production and operation, the employer may extend the working hours after consultation with the trade unions and laborers, and generally the working hours shall not exceed one hour per day; If it is necessary to extend working hours for special reasons, the extension of working hours shall not exceed three hours a day, but shall not exceed thirty-six hours a month under the condition of ensuring the health of workers. (In 1995, the State Council Decree No.174 was amended to mean no more than 40 hours per week)

　　"Corporate culture must first uphold the principle of the rule of law." Jiang Ying said that modern enterprises in any modern country must form a corporate culture on the basis of the rule of law, and at the same time, this corporate culture should be recognized by employees, so as to unite employees. In contrast to these two standards, Jiang Ying demanded the so-called "996" enterprise spirit and found that this could not be called corporate culture. "If some enterprises unilaterally require employees to implement’ 996′ from their own interests, this is a violation of the labor law. Strictly speaking, this should not be a corporate culture. "

　　Qin Zuo unceremoniously "fired": "There are many managers in China’s current enterprises, who are unable to mobilize the enthusiasm of employees within 8 hours and are afraid of taking responsibility, so they can only pursue superficial efforts, pile up labor time, deceive themselves and be numb." Qin Zuo denounced that these people have made the workplace smoggy and abruptly made the life of this generation of workplace people miserable.

　　"It is a lazy policy to extend the working hours blindly in the hope of achieving higher efficiency, which is a manifestation of powerlessness." Peng Xiang, an entrepreneur, is also a manager. He holds a negative attitude towards the management mode of "996".

　　Peng Xiang paid great attention to the public opinion trend of "996". Chengdu Wanshouwu, which he founded, is a start-up enterprise. In his view, startups have to adopt the "996" approach, otherwise, compared with large companies, there is not only a gap in market share, but also a gap in working hours.

　　Peng Xiang believes that "996" may be a means of management. "For example, when the company’s previous team can’t rise and can’t bear to give it up, it can only be partially laid off. 996′ perfectly solved such a problem-it not only achieved soft layoffs, but also allowed the remaining employees to supplement the working hours of those who were laid off. "

　　Chen Dayou’s company has invested in more than 70 entrepreneurial projects. Although he has never heard of any entrepreneur asking for "996", he bluntly said that "start-ups all ask for small steps to run quickly, and they must find someone who fits their values to come to the company, otherwise it will be impossible to complete this matter." More importantly, large companies often form a complete talent training system, which can bear the risk of moderate talent flow, which provides conditions for them to implement "996". However, Chen Dayou believes that this is more of a strong point of large companies and does not apply to startups.

　　In Qiang Wenhao’s view, some Internet companies adopt the "996" working system, which is a compromise when there is no better solution to improve efficiency. Even if employees change jobs, they may not be able to solve such problems. "Anyone who is engaged in work overtime can bring benefits and will be’ overtime’. I hope that I can only change industries without working overtime. "

　　"Who knows the original taste of life when the whole people are’ 996′?"

　　"High-intensity overtime makes the middle-aged crisis inevitable for everyone in the workplace." In Qin Zuo’s view, among the 10,000 hazards of overtime, this is more serious than the deprivation of family life and the harm to health.

　　"The essence of the middle-aged crisis lies in the irreconcilable contradiction between people’s declining energy and high-intensity labor." Qin Zuo found that the growth of age is so cruel, even if the enterprise overcomes age discrimination and gives you a job, as long as there is high-intensity overtime, "even if you are not desperate, you can’t do it." Every middle-aged person in the workplace will eventually be kicked out of the top labor market-no matter management or technology. In Qin Zuo’s eyes, this is a trap that middle-aged professionals can’t jump out of.

　　To avoid the trap of middle age, people can only start from youth. At this point, Qiang Wenhao also supports "996". He said that without the overtime system, the starting salary of programmers would not necessarily be so high. For young people, without qualifications, background and ability, health is the greatest capital. Appropriate "996" may give you a job-hopping to an ideal job one day and reserve more confidence.

　　Chen Dayou is used to analyzing "996" enterprises with investor thinking. He said that these enterprises are likely to prove their business model by running data in the starting stage; Or just get new financing and expand at the request of shareholders to get a better valuation. In short, it is all out of the stage of greater pressure.

　　"This stage is more prone to problems. Under the same conditions, some enterprises will be "crushed", but some enterprises will persist. This means opportunity. " Chen Dayou said that entrepreneurs are actually very pure and want to use all their time to finish what they want to do. More preparation must mean more confidence.

　　Li Siwei (pseudonym) works as an iOS development engineer in Shenyang. He has never experienced "996". On the one hand, there are not many IT companies in Shenyang. On the other hand, he will speak frankly with HR before joining the job, and can accept appropriate overtime, but he needs overtime pay and does not accept unconditional overtime.

　　Li Siwei bluntly said that he didn’t have any lofty ideals and ambitions, and didn’t think about how much money he could earn in this life. He just wants to do what he likes and live the life he wants. "Many people don’t understand the labor law at all, and they don’t know what life should be like at all. They have been brainwashed by entrepreneurs in the form of’ struggle’ and’ corporate culture’." Li Siwei raised a question: If "996" is not resisted, who will know the original taste of life when the whole people "996" comes? (Reporter Li Chen He Ningdi)

On January 25th, the National Conference on Disease Prevention and Control was held in Beijing to review and summarize the disease control work in 2023 and arrange the deployment of key work in 2024.

The meeting pointed out that in 2023, the national disease control system will effectively and orderly respond to the epidemic situation of respiratory infectious diseases such as COVID-19, which will strongly support the smooth transition of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19 in a relatively short period of time, the achievements of epidemic prevention and control will continue to be consolidated, and the mechanism of multi-disease prevention and control will continue to be improved. Accelerate the reform of local disease control institutions, promote the introduction of programmatic documents for the high-quality development of disease control, actively explore the innovation of medical prevention coordination and medical prevention integration mechanism, and make significant progress in system remodeling. Focus on the main business to make up for the shortcomings, a number of major projects have been implemented, and the core capabilities of disease control such as infectious disease monitoring and early warning and emergency response have been significantly improved. Timely and effective response to plague, monkeypox, dengue fever and other new outbreaks of infectious diseases, continue to strengthen the prevention and control of major infectious diseases such as AIDS and tuberculosis, consolidate the prevention and control achievements of key parasitic diseases and endemic diseases, and make overall plans to promote comprehensive supervision and public health. Solidly carry out theme education, continue to strengthen the party building of the disease control system, and the cohesion and combat effectiveness of the disease control team are constantly enhanced. At present, the epidemic situation in COVID-19 is at a low epidemic level, and the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in China is generally stable, which has contributed to the sustained economic recovery and stable social operation.

The meeting pointed out that in 2024, the national disease control system should focus on accelerating the high-quality development of disease control, comprehensively improve the capacity of the disease control system, and make overall plans for the prevention and control of infections and other infectious diseases in Covid-19, so as to provide strong support for protecting people’s lives and health, ensuring public health safety and maintaining economic and social stability. First, do our best to publicize and implement the guiding opinions for promoting the high-quality development of disease control, accelerate the implementation of projects such as the construction of national regional public health centers, and plan to carry out the preliminary research on the development plan of the tenth five-year plan. Second, accelerate the implementation of the reform task of local disease control institutions, promote the innovation of mechanisms such as medical prevention coordination and medical prevention integration, expand the pilot scope of medical prevention coordination integration and the pilot system of disease control supervisors in medical institutions, and promote the innovation and development of infectious disease medical institutions. The third is to solidify the experience and practice of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19, improve the long-term mechanism of infectious disease prevention and control, strengthen monitoring and early warning and risk assessment, accelerate the construction of intelligent multi-point triggered infectious disease monitoring and early warning system, prepare for the new outbreak of infectious diseases, strengthen post-disaster health and epidemic prevention work, and strengthen the prevention and control guarantee of major conference activities. The fourth is to optimize the prevention and control strategies for major diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, key parasitic diseases and endemic diseases, and continue to consolidate the effectiveness of prevention and control. Fifth, continuously improve the quality of immunization planning and strengthen information construction. In-depth implementation of environmental health public health intervention measures, further improve school health work, and improve the injury prevention and control mechanism. Sixth, promote the standardization and informatization of health supervision institutions,Do a solid job in the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health supervision in medical institutions, and continuously improve the effectiveness of comprehensive supervision and law enforcement. Seventh, constantly consolidate the rule of law, science and technology, and talent support, build a strong propaganda and education position, make good use of the "baton" of assessment and evaluation, and strengthen international cooperation and exchanges.

The meeting stressed that it is necessary to earnestly focus on the key tasks at the end of the year and the beginning of the year, strengthen the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases before and after the Spring Festival, do a good job in the implementation of various prevention and control measures, closely monitor the epidemic situation, strengthen the duty on duty, and ensure the overall stability of the holiday epidemic situation. It is necessary to put the work of safety in production in a more prominent position, always tighten the string of safety in production, implement the requirements of "three management and three musts", comprehensively investigate and rectify all kinds of potential risks, and resolutely curb the occurrence of serious accidents. (Reporter Qiao Yeqiong)

　　As of 20: 00 on January 24th, there were 2 new cases of pneumonia infected by novel coronavirus in Beijing, with a total of 36 cases.

　　From 17: 00 to 20: 00 on January 24th, two new cases of pneumonia infected by novel coronavirus were reported in Beijing, both of which had a history of contact with Hubei. They were diagnosed by CDC and expert group evaluation, and they were sent to designated medical institutions for treatment.

　　Prevention and control measures

　　The State Council: Delaying reporting, misreporting and underreporting of the epidemic will be dealt with seriously.

　　On the 24th, the General Office of the State Council collected clues from the society on the platform of "internet plus Supervision" in the State Council, such as inadequate implementation of responsibilities, ineffective prevention and control, buck-passing, perfunctory and other issues, as well as opinions and suggestions on improving and strengthening prevention and control work.

　　The General Office of the State Council will summarize the clues and suggestions received, and urge relevant localities and departments to deal with them in a timely manner. The supervision office of the General Office of the State Council will directly send personnel to supervise the important clues related to delaying reporting, concealing or omitting reporting the epidemic situation and ineffective implementation of prevention and control measures, which will lead to serious consequences such as the spread of the epidemic situation. If it is verified, it will be dealt with seriously according to the law.

　　Information release of the first strain of novel coronavirus virus

　　On 24th, the National Pathogenic Microorganism Resource Database released the information of the first virus strain in China, its electron microscope photos, novel coronavirus nucleic acid detection primers and probe sequences, which were successfully separated by the Institute of Viral Disease Prevention and Control of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and provided sharing services.

　　Many provinces launched the first-level response mechanism for major public health emergencies.

　　As of 16: 00 on January 24, Hubei, Beijing, Shanghai, Anhui, Guangdong, Tianjin, Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangxi and other provinces have launched the first-level response mechanism for major public health emergencies.

　　The expert group of new pneumonia scientific research was established with Zhong Nanshan as the team leader.

　　On the 24th, the Ministry of Science and Technology of China announced through its official WeChat WeChat official account that it had jointly carried out emergency scientific research on the pneumonia epidemic in novel coronavirus with relevant departments, and set up an expert group for scientific research on the joint prevention and control mechanism of pneumonia epidemic in novel coronavirus, with Academician Zhong Nanshan as the team leader.

　　Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security: Enterprises with production difficulties caused by the epidemic should try not to lay off employees or lay off fewer employees.

　　Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security issued a notice on the 24th, saying that if enterprises are in difficulties in production and operation due to the epidemic, they can stabilize their jobs by adjusting their salaries, rotating their posts and taking breaks, shortening working hours and so on through consultation with employees, and try not to lay off employees or reduce them as much as possible.

　　All localities have sealed off and isolated bamboo rats and other wild animals that may carry novel coronavirus.

　　The General Administration of Market Supervision, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration jointly issued a notice, requiring all localities to seal off and control the wild animals that may carry novel coronavirus, such as bamboo rats and badgers, in their breeding places, and it is strictly forbidden to spread abroad and prohibit transshipment and trafficking.

　　CAAC further upgraded prevention and control measures to prevent the epidemic from spreading through air channels.

　　On January 24, the Civil Aviation Administration held a special video conference, requiring all civil aviation units to closely follow the development and changes of the epidemic, take necessary measures and means such as temperature detection of passengers, and focus on prevention and control of key areas and key flights to prevent the epidemic from spreading through air channels. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the smooth transportation channels for epidemic prevention and control materials and prevention and control personnel. In the special period of epidemic prevention and control, all transport airlines can reduce flights according to the development and changes of the epidemic.

　　The meeting stressed that all civil aviation units should further strengthen the protection of civil aviation employees’ own safety, and all personnel in direct contact with passengers and those working in crowded places should wear personal protective equipment such as masks; Strengthen the disinfection of public places such as terminal buildings and aircraft.

　　From January 25th, Beijing Capital International Airport and Beijing Daxing International Airport will carry out temperature tests on all passengers arriving in Beijing.

　　State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission: Central enterprises involved in medicine actively develop antiserum and vaccine for novel coronavirus.

　　The Party Committee of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) issued an urgent notice on January 22nd, demanding that the central enterprises take active actions and do their best to prevent and control the epidemic. The circular stressed that central enterprises involved in pharmaceutical research and production should speed up research and development and arrange production, and do a good job in health care. We should actively do a good job in the production and storage of virus detection reagents and related medical materials, arrange production tasks well under the premise of ensuring quality and safety, speed up the batch issuance and production progress, and ensure sufficient reserves. At the same time, under the leadership of relevant departments, actively carry out the development of antiserum and vaccine in novel coronavirus.

　　State administration of traditional chinese medicine: Establish a prevention and control mechanism of complementary advantages of Chinese and Western medicine

　　State administration of traditional chinese medicine held a video conference on the prevention and control of pneumonia in novel coronavirus in Beijing, deployed the prevention and control of pneumonia in novel coronavirus around the situation and tasks of joint prevention and control, and proposed to establish a prevention and control mechanism with complementary advantages of Chinese and Western medicine.

　　The army deployed joint prevention and control work to deal with public health emergencies.

　　In the early stage, the army has organized the military hospital in Wuhan to send 40 medical staff to the intensive care unit in pulmonary hospital, Wuhan.

　　Severely crack down on the act of driving up the prices of commodities involved in the epidemic.

　　Affected by the pneumonia epidemic in novel coronavirus, masks, alcohol, disinfectant and other epidemic-related supplies are out of stock in some areas of China, and some products have greatly increased their prices. Local market supervision departments have intensively cracked down on the act of driving up the prices of commodities involved in the epidemic.

　　Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences issued a document saying that novel coronavirus came from bats.

　　China Academy of Sciences official WeChat "Voice of Chinese Academy of Sciences" released a message on 24th, saying that on January 23rd, Shi Zhengli’s team of Wuhan Institute of Virology of Chinese Academy of Sciences published an article on bioRxiv preprint platform, pointing out that novel coronavirus nCoV-2019 in Wuhan may have originated from bats.

　　Wuhan:

　　-Wuhan Xiaotangshan Hospital is named Huoshenshan Hospital, which can accommodate 1,000 beds.

　　On the afternoon of January 23rd, Wuhan Urban Construction Bureau urgently convened the China Construction Third Bureau and other units to hold a special meeting, demanding that a special hospital, Wuhan Caidian Huoshenshan Hospital, be built in Wuhan Staff Sanatorium to treat novel coronavirus patients in a centralized way according to the model of Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital during the fight against SARS in 2003. The hospital has a building area of 25,000 square meters and can accommodate 1,000 beds. It is led by China Construction Third Bureau, with the participation of three enterprises including Wuhan Construction Engineering, Wuhan Municipal Administration and Hanyang Municipal Administration.

　　—— All staff in Wuhan investigate and classify patients with fever.

　　Arrange fever patients by category. Pneumonia patients who have been identified or highly suspected to be infected in novel coronavirus shall be responsible by the Municipal Health and Health Commission, and arrange vehicles to be sent to designated treatment points for treatment; Suspected fever patients are kept in the fever clinic for observation; If the fever is mild, it can not be determined as a suspected patient, and each district is responsible for taking it back to the designated place for isolation observation; It is determined that the pneumonia patients who are not infected by novel coronavirus will be sent home by each district for observation.

　　-fever and cough are not the only first symptoms of COVID-19.

　　On January 24th, People’s Hospital of Wuhan University issued the "upgraded version" of COVID-19’s patient identification "Attach great importance to the first symptoms of non-respiratory system-identification and protection of patients with new coronavirus pneumonia (2019-nCOV)", reminding medical staff and the public to be highly alert to the invisible source of infection with non-respiratory symptoms as the first symptoms, and fever and cough are not the only first symptoms of new pneumonia.

　　—— Wuhan river-crossing tunnel will be closed from 0: 00 on January 25th.

　　In order to reduce the flow of people and reduce the risk of infection, since 0: 00 on January 25, 2020, the river-crossing tunnel has been closed, and the bridge crossing the river within the Third Ring Road (including the Third Ring Road) has been monitored and controlled for body temperature. The cancellation time will be announced separately.

　　-6,000 taxis are urgently collected, and 3 to 5 taxis in each community are dispatched by the neighborhood committees.

　　In order to solve the problems of inconvenient travel at home, the city urgently collected 6,000 taxis and distributed them to the central city. Each community has 3-5 sets, which are uniformly dispatched and used by the community neighborhood committees. From noon on January 25th, 2020, they will provide free services for residents in the area. Community neighborhood committees provide free home services such as food delivery, food delivery and medicine delivery for residents with inconvenient life.

　　Hubei:

　　Ezhou: From 11: 20 on January 23, 2020, the railway station passage in Ezhou City was temporarily closed.

　　Shennongjia: All scenic spots will be closed from 16: 00 on the 23rd, and buses in the area will be stopped.

　　Xiantao: Before 17: 00 on January 23, all buses and ferries in the city, including rural passenger cars, were shut down; The temperature detection and screening points of the high-speed exits and railway stations in the city are all set in place.

　　Zhijiang: From 17: 00 on January 23rd, all intercity buses and rural passenger vehicles will stop running. Except supermarkets, hospitals, farmers’ markets, gas stations, baby shops and pharmacies, all other business places in the city will be closed and closed. The recovery time will be announced separately.

　　Qianjiang: From 22: 00 on January 23, 2020, all long-distance passenger lines, rural passenger lines, tourist chartered buses, urban buses, grave-sweeping bus lines and Wangguai Ferry in Qianjiang City were suspended.

　　Huanggang: From 24: 00 on January 23, 2020, the bus and long-distance passenger transport in Huanggang City were suspended; The subway station and the railway station leaving Huanggang city are temporarily closed.

　　Chibi: Since 0: 00 on January 24, 2020, chibi city’s urban public transport, rural passenger transport and provincial and county-level passenger transport have been suspended, and the recovery time will be announced separately.

　　Jingmen: Since 0: 00 on January 24, 2020, the operation of passenger transport in Jingmen city, customized passenger transport, chartered passenger transport and rural passenger transport has been suspended, and taxis from all over the country are not allowed to operate outside the local urban area. The recovery time will be announced separately.

　　Xianning: The intercity railway will be suspended from 0: 00 on January 24, 2020. Since 10: 00 am on January 24, 2020, all bus lines, class lines and tourist passenger transport in Xianning City have been suspended, and the recovery time will be announced separately.

　　Jingzhou: From 12: 00 on January 24, 2020, the passage from Jingzhou Railway Station to Jingzhou was temporarily closed; Before 17: 00 on January 24, all buses, road passenger trains, tourist chartered cars, rural passenger vehicles and ferry boats in the urban area were temporarily closed and stopped. The recovery time will be announced separately. The local government will take the lead in arranging special classes, and set up temperature detection points in railway stations, long-distance bus stations, passenger terminals, highways and other places as required, and implement 24-hour shifts.

　　Huangshi: From 10: 00 on January 24, the city’s road passenger transport was suspended. Close the city (including daye city and Yangxin County, the same below) road passenger stations; All road passenger lines in the city (including loading lines passing through Huangshi area), all tourist passenger chartered cars in the city, and all rural passenger lines in the city (including passenger lines for every village) are temporarily suspended; Temporarily close shangyao ferry terminal; Temporarily close the channel of Huangshi Yangtze River Highway Bridge of Provincial Highway 201. The city’s bus lines were temporarily suspended. The recovery time of relevant outage lines and facilities will be announced separately.

　　Tianmen: From 13: 00 on January 24, 2020, the city’s buses, ferries, docks, rural passenger transport and long-distance passenger transport will be suspended. Close the city’s highway import and export channels, including national and provincial roads, county and township roads and village roads, and all vehicles and personnel are prohibited from passing. The recovery time will be announced separately.

　　Xiaogan: Since 24: 00 on January 24, 2020, the operation of public transportation, line passenger transportation, rural passenger transportation, tourist chartered bus, rural passenger ferry and network car in Xiaogan City has been suspended. High-speed railway station, Metro Station and Railway Station are temporarily closed when they leave Xiaogan City. The city’s cruise taxis operate with single and double numbers (the tail number is singular, and they operate on a single day; The tail number is even, and it is operated on two days). During the control period, cruise taxis should post signs reminding passengers to "wear masks to ride" and go to designated places for disinfection once a day.

　　Shanghai Disneyland and Disney Town are temporarily closed.

　　In order to meet the needs of epidemic prevention and control, and ensure the health and safety of tourists and cast members, Shanghai Disney Resort will temporarily close Shanghai Disneyland, Disney Town (including Walt Disney Grand Theatre) and Xingyuan Park from January 25th, 2020. We will continue to maintain close monitoring and close communication with government departments, and we will inform you of the time to resume opening.

　　Chongqing: All public cultural sites are temporarily closed.

　　All public cultural places are temporarily closed and mass cultural activities are stopped; All A-level scenic spots and cruise ships are suspended; All commercial performances stopped; 5,824 Internet cafes and 4,180 song, dance, entertainment and game entertainment venues were suspended; Travel agencies and online travel companies suspend the operation of team travel, outbound travel and "air ticket+hotel" tourism products; Hotels above the star level suspend banquet activities.

　　Hundreds of scenic spots, parks and cultural venues in Beijing are temporarily closed.

　　According to incomplete statistics, as of 17: 00 on January 24, hundreds of parks, scenic spots, museums, art galleries, libraries, temples, churches, performance venues and temple fairs in Beijing have announced that they will close their doors and cancel their activities from New Year’s Eve, and the opening hours will be resumed until further notice.

　　Wildlife trading is prohibited throughout Guangdong.

　　The Office of the Leading Group for the Prevention and Control of novel coronavirus Epidemic in Guangdong Market Supervision issued a circular No.1, deciding to isolate the places where wild animals are raised and bred in the province, and it is strictly forbidden to trade wild animals and their products.

　　海南：彻查入琼车辆及人员

　　做好特定人员登记工作；彻查入琼车辆及人员；做好入户调查登记工作；取消海南省大型室内公众聚集性活动；加强网络舆情管控力度；协助卫生防疫部门做好管控工作；做好信息的汇总上报工作。

　　多所艺术类院校推迟本科招生专业考试

　　受不断变化的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情影响，中央戏剧学院、上海戏剧学院、清华大学美术学院、中央美术学院、中国美术学院、上海大学、浙江传媒学院、武汉音乐学院等多所高校均发布公告，相继推迟今年艺考时间。

　　文字整理：李玉素

　　People’s livelihood investigation bureau

　　Editor’s note: This is the People’s Livelihood Investigation Bureau, which has never been seen before, investigating the changes in people’s livelihood. Pay attention to what you want to pay attention to and what you don’t, and investigate what you want to see and what you don’t see.

　　Zhongxin. com, August 4th (reporter Xie Yiguan from Zhongxin Finance and Economics) "No damage, no brick smashing, easy to solve the waterproof problem … …” This kind of advertising push is believed to have been brushed by many people, which can easily solve the problem of water seepage and leakage in the house at home, which is convenient, fast and exciting.

　　However, when you welcome the maintenance master into the door, you may be charged at a sky-high price, and even the money may be spent and the leakage is still there.

　　Consumer: I used 60 Jin of glue to repair the leak and paid 16,000 yuan.

　　Xiaowen, who lives in Guangzhou, recently encountered a "scam" to prevent water leakage.

　　In May of this year, due to water leakage in her home, Xiaowen made an appointment for waterproof and leak-patching service through an advertisement pushed by a platform.

　　Xiaowen described to the reporter of Zhongxin Finance and Economics that the master said after the door-to-door inspection that the window sill and bathroom were leaking and needed to be filled with glue. At first, it was 268 yuan a catty, and only 3 to 4 kilograms were needed. Halfway through the treatment, I found that I had used 30 kilograms. "But the master said that our situation was serious and we needed so much glue. Finally, we shared 60 kilograms of glue and paid 16,000 yuan."

　　The maintenance cost of more than 10 thousand yuan did not get the problem solved, and then Xiaowen found that the water seepage still existed.

　　"At that time, the merchant promised to use polymer nano-glue and guarantee that it would not leak for 10 years." Xiaowen said that the glue poured in by the actual merchants did not have any manufacturer’s logo. After payment, he asked the master for contracts, invoices, company qualifications and material qualification tests, but the other party did not provide them.

　　Like Xiaowen, there are still many people who fall into the "maintenance pit" of waterproof and leak-trapping.

　　"At the beginning of this year, my family injected glue to make up for the leaking toilet, which cost 16,000 yuan." "My 3-cm-long pipe crack was pitted for 7,000 yuan, and there is still leakage." On social media, some victims commented.

　　On the complaint of black cat on the consumer service platform, searching for "trapping" resulted in more than 1,000 complaints.

　　Screenshot from a black cat complaint.

　　Professional maintenance personnel: charge by the catty, I lied to you without discussion.

　　A few kilos change into dozens of kilos, and a few hundred dollars into thousands or even tens of thousands of dollars. Do you really need so many materials and charge so much money for building leakage repair?

　　The reporter from Zhongxin Finance and Economics consulted a waterproof building materials shop, and the person in charge told the reporter that the main products sold in the shop are roof waterproof materials, of which the waterproof coating is more than ten yuan a kilogram.

　　On the platform of e-commerce, the reporter noticed that some well-known brands’ building walls are leaking waterproof glue, and the amount per catty is tens of yuan. Even for kitchen and bathroom, the amount per catty is below 100 yuan.

　　Screenshot from the e-commerce platform.

　　"This is not the way to catch the leak in the bathroom. Like this, it is charged by the pound, and a pound of glue costs several hundred yuan. Finally, it is a lie to use dozens of pounds of glue. Don’t believe this." The staff of a well-known waterproof brand maintenance service center told reporters.

　　"Like our charge, it mainly depends on the size of the area. A 6-square-meter bathroom will cost 3,600 yuan if it is free of bricks and leaks, mainly including material costs and labor costs." The staff member said that the labor cost of building leak-trapping business is particularly high. If you charge by the catty, he will definitely keep fighting inside, and finally charge you seven or eight thousand yuan. There are too many such situations in the market.

　　"It is possible that the quotation is very low, but it is not like that at all." The staff added.

　　"So be sure to find a regular maintenance company, and you won’t ask for high prices at will, and there will be warranty services later." The staff said that like our regular maintenance personnel, they all need to wear work permits and sign electronic contracts during maintenance, and the materials used also have test reports and certificates.

　　How to define responsibility? The lawyer said this.

　　In the industry of building leak-patching, some maintenance personnel take advantage of consumers’ ignorance to use waterproof materials at will and charge exorbitant prices, which has become a "stubborn disease" in the industry.

　　Many consumers complain on the grounds of fraud. Does this behavior involve fraud?

　　In this regard, Yan Bing, a partner of Beijing Times Jiuhe Law Firm, told reporters that making legal characterization remains to be further verified by facts. There is a difference between the pre-judgment of the maintenance master and the final workload, and the water continues to leak after the maintenance. It cannot be judged that it must be the intention of the maintenance master. It cannot be ruled out that the maintenance fault really needs a lot of materials, nor can it be ruled out that the water leaks based on the new fault.

　　Yan Bing also said that,If it is only individuals who provide services for the parties, rather than market operators, the personal employment relationship does not belong to commercial operations, and the parties do not belong to consumers.Although it may constitute "contracting fault" or "breach of contract" in the Civil Code, it is not protected by the Consumer Protection Law and cannot be considered as fraud in the sense of consumer law.

　　Xiaowen said that she was an advertisement reservation service pushed by a platform, and the platform did not verify the business information, so she thought that the platform should also bear the responsibility.

　　In Yan Bing’s view,If it can be confirmed that it is a merchant’s fault, and the party concerned purchases the service based on the advertisement push of the commercial promotion platform, then the platform should bear the legal responsibility corresponding to its fault.. (End)

sound pollution

environmental noise

Environmental noise refers to the sound that interferes with the surrounding living environment in industrial production, building construction, transportation and social life.

Environmental noise is a regulation on the allowable range of noise in order to protect people’s health and living environment. The basic standard of environmental noise is the basic basis of environmental noise standard. Most countries refer to the base recommended by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (for example, sleep 30 decibels) and make it according to their own and local conditions.

▼

Auditory decibel

0 ~ 10 dB: lower hearing limit

10 ~ 20 decibels: extremely quiet

30 ~ 40 dB: Very quiet.

40 ~ 50 dB: Quiet.

50 ~ 60 dB: relatively quiet.

70 ~ 80 decibels: relatively noisy.

80 ~ 90 dB: Noisy

100 ~ 110 dB: Very noisy.

130 ~ 160 decibels: unbearable

▼

noise criterion

According to different noise sources

There are many noise standards issued in China.

Mainly include

1. GB3096-2008 Quality Standard for Acoustic Environment

2. GB12348-2008 Emission Standard for Environmental Noise at the Boundary of Industrial Enterprises

3. emission standard for community noise (GB22337-2008)

▼

The limits of noise emission at boundary of industrial enterprises are as follows. dB（A）[1]

Day and night

Class 0 50 40

Category 1 55 45

Category 2 60 50

Category 3 65 55

4 categories 70 55

WHO (world health organization) recognizes that

Harm of noise pollution

Second only to air pollution.

This "invisible killer"

The impact on the environment is quite huge.

According to 2014

Published by the World Health Organization and the European Union Cooperative Research Center

According to the report "Disease Burden Caused by Noise Pollution"

Noise pollution not only makes people fidgety.

Affect sleep quality

It may also cause heart disease and learning disabilities.

And tinnitus.

Thereby shortening people’s life span.

▼

Harm of noise to human beings

1. Hearing problems

Our ears can hear a certain range of sounds without being damaged. Man-made noises such as guns, horns, machinery, airplanes and even vehicles are outside the acceptable hearing range of our ears. Continuous exposure to loud noise can easily lead to damage to our eardrums and hearing loss, and also reduce the sensitivity of our ears to sound rhythm; Higher decibel noise can cause temporary/permanent deafness.

2. Mental health problems

Excessive noise pollution will affect mental health. Noise acts on the central nervous system of the brain through the auditory organs, so that it affects all organs of the whole body. Therefore, noise not only damages people’s hearing, but also harms other systems of the human body. Due to the noise, there will be neurasthenia symptoms such as headache, brain swelling, tinnitus, insomnia, general fatigue and memory loss.

3. Physical function problems

Studies have shown that high-intensity noise will lead to an increase in blood pressure and heart rate, interfere with normal blood flow, and lead to cardiovascular diseases for a long time; Noise can also lead to digestive system dysfunction. For children with greater plasticity, life noise will have a greater impact on them, especially on visual organs, endocrine function and normal development of organs.

4. Work and life problems

High decibel noise will lead to misunderstanding in language communication between two people and make them unable to communicate freely; Noise can also distract people’s attention, leading to slow response, easy fatigue, decreased work efficiency and increased error rate.

Different from water, atmosphere and solid waste

Other three recognized urban pollution.

Noise is a sensory nuisance.

Cannot be processed centrally.

Mainly in the absence of pollutants,

Pollution effects are not lasting and will not be accumulated,

Noise source dispersion, etc.

So how to solve the noise pollution?

We have laws and regulations:

↓↓↓

On October 29, 1996, the 22nd meeting of the 8th the NPC Standing Committee passed the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution in People’s Republic of China (PRC).

2018/12/29 The Seventh Session of the 13th the NPC Standing Committee adopted amendments to the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution in People’s Republic of China (PRC).

2021/12/24 The Law on the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution in People’s Republic of China (PRC) was adopted at the 32nd meeting of the 13th the NPC Standing Committee, and will come into force on June 5, 2022.

As an individual

We can’t completely change the environment.

To eliminate excessive noise.

These things will need to be handed over to

Government, urban planners and other functional departments.

but

While waiting.

There are still some things we can do:

▼

Reject noise

Start from me

Let’s live in a city

More silence.

Less noise

Original title: "Environmental Science Popularization Rejects" Invisible Pollution "-past lives with Noise Pollution"

Read the original text

Tuohu Lake area is low-lying, which is obviously influenced by the high water level jacking of Huaihong New River in flood season, and its self-discharge capacity is insufficient. In addition, its own storage capacity is not large, and its storage capacity is weak, so it is easy to cause waterlogging and flooding. The contradiction between flood control, water storage irrigation, ecological restoration and environmental improvement is becoming increasingly acute, and the requirements for regional flood control and drainage are further improved. The flood control dispatching of Tuohu Lake and its surrounding tributaries tends to be complicated, and the ability of monitoring and dispatching emergency needs to be improved.

(one) The current shoreline resources need to be integrated.

Congtuo LakeAccording to the present situation of shoreline utilization, there are water conservancy projects, bridges and lines on both sides of Tuohu Lake.64Place, occupy the coastline length.16789rice.With the rapid economic development along the river and the increase of town scale, the development and utilization of shoreline resources are on the increase, and the coastline layout of some river sections is notReasonable, the shoreline resources are seriously wasted.

(2)Shoreline management mechanism still needs to be improved

TuohuShoreline not only has the natural functions of flood storage, protecting aquatic habitats and maintaining the health of lakes, but also is the carrier of land resources for river-related projects such as water intake and drainage outlets and tourist facilities. The diversity of its functions also determines the complexity of its management. As far as the effect of shoreline management, protection, development and utilization is concerned, it is easy to appear in the process of shoreline use because it involves many industries and departments.Problems such as "multiple policies" and "separate policies" are not conducive to effective protection and rational utilization along the lakeshore, and need to be further straightened out and improved urgently.TuohuShoreline management system and mechanism, and refine the provisions on shoreline management and protection.

(three)The phenomenon of sporadic illegal occupation of shoreline rivers still exists.

The phenomenon of illegal occupation of the shore and purse seine farming is sporadic, and the river-related construction projects in some areas need to be further standardized. The phenomenon of illegal farming, illegal construction, livestock and poultry farming and other encroachment on the river is still prominent.

　

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According to Water Function Zoning of Anhui Province,Tuohu five rivers territory.sevenSquare kilometers is the transition zone, but the water function zone is not defined in the upper reaches of Tanghe River. Once there is pollution in the upper reaches, it will cause great losses in the fishery and agricultural water use zone of Tuohu Lake water function zone. The monitoring ability of water resources is weak, and monitoring facilities have not been installed in non-agricultural water intakes, so the classification supervision of water functions needs to be further strengthened.

In addition,The water resources and deployment capacity of Tuohu Lake are obviously insufficient.TuohuPer capita water resources in river basinlow, is a typical water shortage area, the local available water resources are inherently insufficient; Second, under the stress of water shortage,Affected by the upstream,Urban life and industrial production occupy the ecological water of rivers and worsen the water ecological environment; Third, the lack of water resources allocation capacity has aggravated the deterioration of water quality in rivers and lakes.

Pollution sources entering the lake mainly come from the upper reaches of Tuohe River and Beituo River. The pollution in the lake area is mainly agricultural non-point source pollution. A large number of studies have proved that in the process of rainfall, the initial rainwater is mixed with a lot of dust and sediment, which has a high pollutant load and poor water quality. Agricultural pollution residues can enter the lake area through surface runoff, which has a great impact on the water quality and pollutes the lake water environment.

Agricultural non-point source pollution has not been effectively controlled: the land along Tuohu Lake is mainly planted with rice and wheat, and more fertilizers and pesticides are used. The residues are discharged into Tuohu Lake with agricultural water, and the residues contain fertilizer deposits and undegraded pesticide components. The lakeaccumulateThe residual bait will go deep into the water body and cause pollution; Tuohu coastNearby individualsPoultry farming mainly raises ducks and geese, and the feed put in the process of raising ducks and geese and the feces of ducks and geese flow into the water body to cause pollution.

The treatment capacity of township domestic pollution needs to be improved: the township domestic garbage in the basin is piled up in disorder, the progress of classification and reduction is slow, the resource recycling is insufficient, and the level of harmless treatment technology is not high; Due to the lack of sewage collection and treatment facilities, part of the domestic sewage from the villages around the lake area is directly discharged into the lake from the ditches entering the lake.

The main water environment problems in Tuohu Lake area are: the quality of drinking water source is not up to standard, the eutrophication of Tuohu Lake exists, and the safety risks of water source exist, as follows:

(one) The environmental quality of drinking water source water is not up to standard.

At present, there are two centralized drinking water sources at township level in Tuohu Lake area. According to the monitoring data, the two drinking water sources have not reached surface water.ⅢClass A, the total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the lake exceeded the standard, and the rate of exceeding the standard reached.100%; Affected by the water quality of Tuohu Lake, the total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the water intakes of Shenji Town and Shuangzhongmiao Town in Wuhe County have exceeded the standard in recent years.

(2) There is eutrophication in Tuo Lake.

The total nitrogen and total phosphorus in Tuohu Lake area are inferior to those in Tuohu Lake area.ⅤThe water quality standard is similar, and the level of nutrient-rich salt is generally high. In recent years, Tuohu Lake has changed from mild eutrophication to moderate eutrophication.2015year-2016Niantuo Lake is slightly eutrophic;2017year-2018In, it was moderately eutrophic;2020The annual eutrophication index is58.67It is moderately eutrophic.

(three) There are security risks in water sources.

Due to the heavy rain in summer, the sewage mass in the upper reaches of Tuohu Lake transits, causing pollution in Tuohu Lake and its surrounding areas, and a large number of crabs, shrimps and fish die in Tuohu Lake. According to statistics,2016Water surface area of disaster-stricken aquaculture in Tuohu Lake, Wuhe County in44398Mu,2018The water quality deteriorated again in Niantuo Lake.

Insufficient ecological water demand guarantee: the social and economic development in Tuohu Basin is rapid, and the water consumption is large. In dry years and dry seasons, the water shortage in the basin is serious, which squeezes the ecological environment water in the river. At the same time, most control sections of Tuohu Lake and main tributaries lack ecological flow scheduling schemes.

Over-exploitation of river and lake wetlands has threatened biodiversity: different forms of exploitation and utilization have led to obvious shrinkage of wetlands, and environmental pollution has endangered wetland animals and plants and threatened wetland ecosystems. The controlling buildings in Tuohu Lake and its main tributaries play an important role in flood control and irrigation, but they also isolate the communication between rivers and lakes, block the migration of aquatic animals, and destroy the habitat and breeding habitat of fish, shrimp and crabs, as well as the habitat of rare waterfowl. Excessive fishing and hunting have reduced the food sources of fish-eating birds, and the phenomenon of indiscriminate fishing in Tuohu Lake has occurred from time to time, which has seriously threatened biodiversity.

Biodiversity protection is under pressure: in flood season, lakes and depressions can hold back floods to ensure the safety of flood control in important cities. However, there are many kinds of aquatic organisms in lakes and a considerable number of waterfowl are distributed in lakes and wetlands, so the function of biodiversity maintenance is also very important. becausehistoricalOver-breeding, wetland vegetation is damaged to some extent, waterfront vegetation is lacking, beaches are exposed, bird breeding and habitat are not guaranteed, and biodiversity protection is under pressure. The key point of protection is to strengthen the protection and restoration of lake depressions and control the development intensity.

Imperfect law enforcement and supervision system: the management and protection system of Tuohu Lake is not perfect, and some water activities have no rules to follow and no laws to follow. The system of supervision of lake-related construction projects, compensation for occupied waters, daily inspections and other systems need to be further improved.

The law enforcement and supervision mechanism is not perfect: the law enforcement and supervision mechanisms such as illegal water activities disposal and joint law enforcement are not perfect, and the law enforcement and supervision means are not complete. The spatial management and control of the waters around the lake and the shoreline management and protection involve many departments, which have overlapping functions and insufficient coordination and linkage, and the joint supervision needs to be further strengthened.

The informatization construction of law enforcement supervision lags behind: the information sharing of administrative law enforcement supervision related to lakes is not enough, the communication of cross-regional and cross-industry law enforcement supervision information is not smooth, the construction of comprehensive information management system lags behind, and the accuracy, comprehensiveness and timeliness of law enforcement supervision information need to be improved urgently.

The fourteenth five-year plan for national economic and social development in Bengbu city and2035The outline of the long-term goal in 2000 is clear“China’s 14th five-year plan"The guiding ideology, basic principles and development goals of Bengbu’s economic and social development during the period, looking forward to2035It is the grand blueprint for the city’s economic and social development in the next five to fifteen years and the common action program of the people of the city to basically realize the long-term goal of socialist modernization, plan major strategies, deploy major tasks, determine the focus of government work, and guide the behavior of market players. The main excerpts related to this plan are as follows:

Chapter 16 Continuously improve the quality of ecological environment　

Second section　Comprehensively strengthen pollution prevention and control

"Implement an upgraded version of water pollution prevention and control to comprehensively improve the quality of the water environment.·······, continue to implement the action of improving the quality and efficiency of urban sewage treatment. We will continue to consolidate the rectification results of Baligou and Yinghe, and increase the protection of important drinking water sources."

third segment　Strengthen the construction of ecological environment infrastructure

"Increase the construction of domestic waste treatment facilities, improve the infrastructure of domestic waste sorting and recycling, and continuously improve the harmless treatment capacity."

Section iv　Constructing modern environmental governance system

"Fully implement the environmental air quality ecological compensation system and the surface water section ecological compensation system, implement the horizontal ecological compensation system in the upper and lower reaches of the Tuohu River Basin, and promote the establishment of the ecological compensation mechanism for forests and wetlands. Continue to strengthen joint prevention and control of water pollution with cross-city rivers in Suzhou, Bozhou, Huainan and Zhangzhou, participate in promoting the integration of ecological environment supervision and law enforcement in the Yangtze River Delta, and actively explore the horizontal ecological compensation mechanism in the upstream and downstream of the basin. "

Chapter 17 Improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem

first segment　Optimize the ecological spatial pattern

"build“One heart, two belts, three areas and multiple corridors"Eco-spatial pattern: Jingshan, Tu Shan, Black Tiger Mountain and Tianhe are integrated.“Ecological green heart"; Form an eco-economic belt covering Huaihe River and the North Feihe River.–Huaihong new river ecological belt.“Two belts"; Delineate hilly areas, lakes and depressions, river and canal areas, etc.“Three area"; Construction covers the Weihe River, the Weihe River, the Weihe River andBeifeiheWetlands, Cihuai New River, Qiu River, Heihe River, Wohe River, etc.“Duolang"."

Second section　Strictly protect important ecosystems.

"Coordinate the relationship between temporary solution and permanent solution, east coast and west coast, present and future, and comprehensively complete the comprehensive management of the ecological environment of Longzi Lake. Strengthen the restoration and management of the ecosystem in Bengbu section of Huaihe River, Wohe River, Huaihong New River and Tuohu Lake,·······"

third segment　Improve urban ecological quality

"Accelerate the construction of urban ecological greening, improve the urban ecological greening landscape system, and build and protect green ecological communities.·······"

Chapter 23 Improve the modern infrastructure system

"Optimize the allocation pattern of water resources, and strive to build a water supply pattern of’ the main stream of Huaihe River is the main water source and multiple water sources are complementary’.·······And improve the water ecological environment."

Chapter 26 　Carry out rural construction actions

"Continue to promote the improvement of rural human settlements, deepen and promote domestic garbage treatment, sewage treatment and rural toilet improvement according to local conditions.“Three revolutions", continue to implement village cleaning, resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, and upgrade village planning and construction.“Three major actions",·······. Promote the urban sewage pipe network to extend to the surrounding villages and optimize the layout of centralized sewage treatment facilities.·······Implement comprehensive improvement of rivers and lakes, strengthen dredging and dredging of ponds and ditches in front of houses and behind houses, and gradually eliminate black and odorous water bodies in rural areas."

The 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Wuhe County puts forward plans and requirements for the development of industry, agriculture, urbanization and infrastructure. The main contents involved in this project are summarized as follows:

Industry: Wuhe County insists on innovation and development, promotes structural transformation and upgrading, insists on putting innovation at the core of the overall development, and vigorously implements the strategy of innovation and entrepreneurship.“Made in China2025”Hesheng province“4105”, city“486”, county“496”Action plan, promote structural transformation and upgrading, stimulate new vitality, create new supply and accelerate the construction of a more competitive modern industrial system;

Agriculture: adhere to the industrial concept to develop agriculture, adjust and optimize the agricultural structure and layout, speed up the transformation of agricultural development mode, develop various forms of moderate scale operation, promote the overall planning of grain, economy and feed, the combination of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, the integration of planting, breeding and processing, and the integration of primary and secondary industries, and take the road of agricultural modernization with high output, product safety, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.

Agriculture: adhere to the industrial concept to develop agriculture, adjust and optimize the agricultural structure and layout, speed up the transformation of agricultural development mode, develop various forms of moderate scale operation, promote the overall planning of grain, economy and feed, the combination of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, the integration of planting, breeding and processing, and the integration of primary and secondary industries, and take the road of agricultural modernization with high output, product safety, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.

Urban construction: adhere to coordinated development and build the most beautiful water town in northern Anhui. Focus on coordinating urban and rural development, enhance development coordination, adhere to regional integration, urban and rural planning, pay equal attention to material civilization and spiritual civilization, and integrate economic construction with social development, broaden development space in coordinated development, and enhance development stamina in strengthening weak areas. With people’s urbanization as the core, accelerate the pace of urban and rural construction, promote the urbanization of agricultural transfer population, and gradually build an urban system with the county as the center, Shuangzhong Temple and Xinji as the sub-center, and ordinary small towns and beautiful countryside as the foundation, and build it into a sub-central city in the eastern part of Bengbu City.

Infrastructure construction: further promote infrastructure construction, strive to build a comprehensive transportation system, a safe and efficient water conservancy facility system, and a powerful energy supply system, and continuously improve the support and guarantee ability for economic and social development.oneBuild a three-dimensional comprehensive transportation network;2Strengthen water conservancy security.;threeAnd enhance energy security capabilities..

Wuhe county“Thirteenth five-year plan"Water conservancy developmentachievementmainfind expression inFlood control and waterlogging elimination, people’s livelihood and water conservancy, water resources allocation, water project management and development.

In flood control and waterlogging control, Huaibei leveeAchieved100Once in a year; Huaihong new riverEmbankment standard reachedHuaigan100Flood diversion to Huaihong New River once in a year.2000Cubic meters touch internal water every second.40Once in a year, other dikes aretwentyOnce in a year Actively assist Huai Wei Construction Bureau to completewatch from a height or distanceHanghuaigan Bengbu~Adjustment and construction project of flood discharge area in Fushan section, constructionwatch from a height or distanceUrban Drainage Pumping Station Project in Huyue District and Chengnan New District.in the process ofImplement the management of Huaihong new river depressionengineering.

In terms of people’s livelihood and water conservancy,“Thirteenth five-year plan"During the period, the guarantee rate of farmland irrigation reachedwatch from a height or distance75%, irrigation canal water utilization coefficient reached.0.65Urban waterlogging control standardbasicreach10Once in a year implementGot a batchHigh-standard farmland construction, rural drinking water safety construction, reinforcement of small dangerous reservoirs, upgrading and reconstruction of small water conservancy projects, and construction of pumping stations and emergency water sources.

In the aspect of water resources allocation, the principle of total control, giving priority to life and giving consideration to production water is followed.,adoptwatch from a height or distanceMeasures such as water saving, water storage and water environment improvement should be taken to increasewatch from a height or distanceWater resources guarantee capacity in wuhe county.

In terms of water project management,During the thirteenth five-year plan periodstrengthenThe wholeConstruction of water administrative law enforcement capacity and flood control and drought relief command system.initialbuildbe doneA modern team of high-quality water conservancy talents.

Wuhe county environmental protection special planning (2017-2035) This paper analyzes the problems existing in the present situation of environmental protection in Wuhe County, and puts forward some suggestions.2035Main objectives and tasks of environmental protection in Wuhe county years ago. The main contents are summarized as follows:

The plan puts forward the problems existing in environmental protection:1.Environmental quality needs to be improved;2.The stability of ecosystem is low;3.The environmental security situation is grim;4.The ability of environmental supervision still needs to be strengthened.

The plan puts forward the environmental protection goal related to water quality: the water quality compliance rate of centralized drinking water sources.100%; Surface water quality reaches or is better than.ⅢWater-like ratio2020Reach the year90%,2035Reach the year100%; Treatment rate of urban domestic sewage and industrial wastewater100%;

The plan puts forward environmental protection measures related to water quality:

one, key sections of the standard rectification. We will comprehensively improve the water bodies of key rivers such as Huaihe River, Huaihong New River and its tributaries,2018Complete the current water quality survey years ago, to2020Improve the provincial control section of the county to reach or exceed in.ⅢProportion of water quality.

2Urban sewage treatment. Strengthen the environmental supervision of sewage treatment plants, build urban rain and sewage diversion pipe networks, and promote sludge treatment and disposal.

threePollution control in agriculture and rural areas. Promote the comprehensive control of rural pollution with full coverage and pulling nets,2020Full coverage of sewage treatment facilities in administrative villages was achieved in, and the operation rate of domestic sewage treatment facilities in villages reached.80%Above. Control the pollution of livestock and poultry, move the farms in the forbidden areas, close the farms without supporting pollution control facilities in the key areas, and return all the feces to the fields. Prevention and control of planting pollution, continue to promote the ecological engineering construction of non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus loss in the catchment areas such as Tuohu Lake and Huaihong New River. Control the pollution of aquaculture, strictly control the scale of purse seine farming, gradually ban purse seine farming in restricted areas, scientifically and reasonably put bait, reduce the impact of feed on water bodies, and use antibiotics according to laws and regulations.

　

　

(A) the guiding ideology

Thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the important thought of General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on the construction of ecological civilization, firmly establish and earnestly practice Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets’s concept, put strengthening lake management and protecting Tuohu’s ecological environment in an overwhelming position, make great efforts to protect Tuohu, do not engage in large-scale development, and properly handle the relationship between protection and development, between rectification and upgrading, and between present and long-term on the premise of ensuring the flood control safety, water supply safety and ecological safety of Tuohu. Taking the Regulations on Lake Protection in Anhui Province as the key link, combined with the natural conditions, development status and economic and social development of lakes, we should scientifically and rationally develop and utilize lake resources, strengthen lake protection, standardize the behavior of lake development and utilization according to law, resolutely curb the degradation of lake functions, effectively control lake pollution and water eutrophication, comprehensively improve the lake ecological environment, provide support and guarantee for sustainable economic and social development, and strive to build a beautiful lake with green development and promote sustainable regional economic and social development.

(2) Planning principles

oneGive priority to protection and make rational use of it

Adhere to protection priority, take flood control safety as the premise of lake protection, and realize comprehensive utilization of water resources, continuous improvement of water environment and sound development of water ecology. Develop orderly in protection and implement protection in development. Coordinate the relationship between economic development, water resources utilization and ecological protection, and promote the rational utilization of lake resources.

2, in accordance with the law, strict control.

In accordance with the relevant national laws and regulations and the Regulations on the Protection of Lakes in Anhui Province, and in view of the outstanding problems existing in the protection of Tuohu Lake, we emphasize system construction, strengthen overall protection, implement regulatory responsibilities, and ensure flood control safety, water supply safety, rational utilization of coastline, water quality reaching the standard, rational utilization of water resources and legal management of Tuohu Lake.

three, scientific and reasonable, focused.

Lake protection planning should conform to the general requirements of Tuo Lake water pollution prevention and control regulations, urban and rural planning, comprehensive river basin planning and comprehensive water resources planning. According to the current situation and existing problems of Tuo Lake, according to the priorities and needs, scientific countermeasures for water resources protection, water shoreline protection, water environment management and water ecological restoration should be formulated, and key points should be highlighted.

four, overall consideration, combination of construction and management

Follow the natural law of lake evolution, according to the natural conditions of the shoreline, fully consider the requirements of flood control safety, bank slope stability, ecological safety and water supply safety, take into account the development and utilization needs of different regions and industries, scientifically arrange the ecological space, living space and production space of the lake shoreline, and rationally delimit the functional zoning of the shoreline.

People’s Republic of China (PRC) Water Law;

People’s Republic of China (PRC) Flood Control Law;

People’s Republic of China (PRC) Environmental Protection Law;

People’s Republic of China (PRC) Water Pollution Prevention Law;

Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on River Management;

Regulations on the Management and Protection of Lakes in Anhui Province;

Regulations of Anhui Province on Environmental Protection;

Regulations on Management and Protection of Water Projects in Anhui Province;

Flood Control Standard (GB50210-2014）；

Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838-2002）；

Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996）；

Hygienic standard for drinking water (GB5749－2006）；

Code for Construction and Management of Nature Reserves (DB/T1500－2017）；

Issued by the General Office of the State Council, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC.<Opinions on implementing the system of river length with full name>Notice "(hall words[2016]42No.);

Opinions of the State Council on Implementing the Strictest Water Resources Management System (issued by the State Council)[2012]3No.);

Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Action Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control (Guo Fa[2015]17No.);

Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Accelerating the Construction of Ecological Civilization (2015Year);

"Measures for the implementation of water administrative licensing" DecreeNo. of the Ministry of Water Resources23Number;

The Red Line of Ecological Protection in Anhui Province (Anhui Provincial People’s Government [2018〕120No.);

Regulations on the Management and Protection of Lakes in Anhui Province (Announcement No.57 of the Standing Committee of Anhui Provincial People’s Congress);

Tuo Lake in Bengbu City“One river and one policy"Implementation Plan (Bengbu Hechang System Office,2018yeartwelveMonth); Other relevant laws, regulations, rules and regulations, etc.

The planning scope is: the left bank is below Fanji, the right bank is below Sihe Li, and the total area from the toe of the embankment to the surface cultivated land (including fish ponds).29.73Square kilometers.In order to maintain the integrity, the water storage area and basin area in Suzhou City of Tuohu Lake are taken into account when counting the lake storage capacity and basin area.

Adoption of planning base yeartwentytwentyYear, the recent planning level year adopted.2025Year, long-term adoption2030Years.

one) overall goal

arrive2025In, through the implementation of various planning measures, the flood control and disaster reduction system of Tuohu Lake was further improved, the water resources allocation and water quality compliance rate were steadily improved, the shoreline utilization was reasonable, the lake water ecology was virtuous, the reform of the lake length system continued to advance, and the supervision and management were orderly and powerful, and the mechanism system and monitoring system were gradually improved.

arrive2030In, the flood control shortcomings in Tuohu Basin were fully filled, the regional water resources allocation capacity was significantly enhanced, the ecological environment quality was fundamentally improved, and Tuohu Lake was built into“The water is clear, the shore is green, the lake is beautiful, and people are harmonious"The healthy and beautiful lake.

2) General requirements

Tuo Lake is an important water area with multiple functions and comprehensive benefits, and it is also an important natural resource and strategic economic resource. For a long time, Tuo Lake has played a very important role in the social and economic development of Wuhe County and even Bengbu City. according to“Give priority to protection and coordinate development"and“Development in protection and protection in development"The principle of Tuo Lake protection, the overall requirements are as follows:

oneProtect the lake form, prevent encroachment and reclamation of the lake area, and reduce the lake area.

2Strengthen pollution prevention and control to improve the water quality of lakes; Control and reduce the input of exogenous substances, control the breeding capacity and implement ecological fisheries; Strengthen ecological protection and maintain the healthy life of lakes.

threeFormulate special plans for lake management, development and utilization, control the development and utilization modes, improve various dispatching plans, and promote the management process.

fourStrengthen the study of lake policy, formulate and improve various rules and regulations, strengthen cooperation and cooperation among departments, and standardize lake management behavior.

fiveIncrease the publicity of lake protection, raise the awareness of lake protection of the whole people, encourage public participation, and make the protection of Tuo Lake become the consensus of the surrounding people.

The sequence of functional orientation of Tuohu Lake in Wuhe County is flood storage and waterlogging detention, irrigation, water supply, ecology and aquatic products provision.

fiveProtection and control measures

There are Wuqiao Town, Shenji Town, Xiaowei Town, Tuohu Township and Shuangzhongmiao Town around Tuohu Lake in Wuhe County.fiveA township. According to the flood control standard (GB50201-2014) The protection level of flood control protection object of Tuohe dike isⅣAnd so on, the flood control standard istwentyOnce in a year, the drainage standard is reached.10Once in a year

There is a flood control sluice at the entrance of Tuohu Lake into Huaihong New River, and the flood diversion of Huaihong New River will not affect the flood control safety in the lake area. The main threat of Tuohu Lake is that the waterlogged water in the lake area is produced when it encounters the flood diversion of Huaihong New River.“Guanmenyan"The situation.

It is planned to build a new Siheli drainage pumping station in Haan Lee of Sihe River to solve the problem of waterlogging near Siheli when the high water level of Tuohu Lake is jacking. It is planned to reinforce the existing dike from Siheli Bridge to Dalu main canal, so as to solve the problem that the section of dike body in this section can not fully meet the requirements of flood control safety.

According to the defined shoreline functional zoning, the management requirements for the protection and utilization of Tuohu shoreline in Wuhe county are put forward, so as to further standardize the shoreline development and utilization behavior, and reasonably determine the inter-departmental management scope and responsibilities related to the shoreline utilization behavior. arrive2025In 2000, the management requirements were strictly implemented, the intensive and efficient utilization of shoreline resources was realized, and the comprehensive utilization level of shoreline resources was improved.

According to "Protection and Utilization Planning of Tuohe and Tuohu ShorelinesThe results of functional zoning of shoreline, the protection objectives and management requirements of functional zoning are managed. Any development and utilization of shoreline areas within the outer control boundary line must comply with the provisions and management requirements of functional zoning of shoreline, and in principle, it is not allowed to cross the waterfront control boundary line.

(one) Waterfront Boundary Line Control Requirements

Non-infrastructure construction projects are not allowed to cross the waterfront boundary line. Flood control, water supply, irrigation, ferries, bridges and other infrastructure construction projects that really need to cross the waterfront boundary line must be fully demonstrated, and the project construction plan should be reported to the relevant water administrative department or the water project management unit authorized by laws and regulations for examination and approval.

Strengthen the protection of wetlands along the waterfront boundary, prohibit illegal occupation and landfill of wetlands, minimize the hardening and solidification of wetland revetment, and maintain the integrity of natural structure and ecological function of Tuohu wetland.

(2) outer boundary line control requirements

The area surrounded by the outer boundary line is the management scope of Tuohu Lake, which should be controlled in accordance with the relevant provisions in the Regulations on the Management and Protection of Lakes in Anhui Province and the Regulations on the Management and Protection of Water Projects in Anhui Province. The relevant competent departments should set up fixed signs on the shoreline boundary line, and no unit or individual may move or destroy them without authorization. It is forbidden to engage in the following activities within the boundary line of the outer edge of the lake:

①Building buildings and structures that hinder flood discharge;②Reclaim (fill) the lake, dam and block the branch;③Reclaim the lake beach into farmland;④Planting trees and tall crops that hinder flood discharge and water delivery, and planting trees on lake embankments;⑤Fencing aquaculture, digging ponds for aquaculture within the scope of lake embankment management;⑥Abandon, dump, pile up and bury wastes and other pollutants, and set up waste recycling yards and garbage dumps;⑦Discharge untreated or substandard industrial wastewater and domestic sewage;⑧Setting up storage and transportation facilities for highly toxic chemicals and other dangerous chemicals prohibited from being transported through lakes as stipulated by the state;⑨Engaged in catering business without sewage treatment facilities or solid waste collection facilities on the water surface;⑩Sales and use of phosphorus-containing washing products; Other activities that reduce the lake area, divide the water surface, affect the water storage and flood control capacity of the lake and seriously affect the water quality of the lake.

(one) create a negative list

Establish a negative list management system for Tuohu shoreline according to law, strictly control zoning and use, strictly observe the red line of ecological protection, and strictly enforce the project access system. Construction projects must meet the planning requirements, and it is strictly forbidden to build projects that are inconsistent with the planning. Project access in ecologically sensitive areas such as scenic spots and centralized drinking water sources should fully consider the requirements of shoreline functional zoning management.

(2) establish management ledger.

According to the legal compliance project of Tuohu shoreline“One household and one file."Set up a file and establish a card, and implement ledger management; Gradually adopt remote sensing, telemetry and other technical means to strengthen the dynamic monitoring of coastline; Promote the integration and sharing of shoreline resources information across industries and departments, and establish a system based onGISof“A picture"Shoreline management system, improve the information level of shoreline management.

(three) strengthen law enforcement supervision

Strengthen the capacity building of shoreline management law enforcement, fully guarantee the working funds, increase the necessary shoreline management law enforcement team, strengthen the training of law enforcement personnel, supplement the necessary law enforcement equipment, and strengthen the daily inspections and inspections of shoreline management, protection and utilization.

(four) establish a linkage mechanism

Establish a daily linkage mechanism between river basin and regional shoreline management and law enforcement, actively explore efficient ways for water conservancy, transportation, housing construction, natural resources, ecological environment and public security, courts and other departments to jointly enforce the law, and gradually form a close inter-departmental linkage mechanism.

(one) According to the current situation of shoreline utilization and protection in each functional area, coordinate the needs of shoreline utilization and protection in various industries, and analyze the rationality of the current shoreline utilization and future demand in accordance with the management planning objectives of each functional area, and put forward the adjustment opinions of shoreline utilization and protection.

(2Any development and utilization project entering the shoreline functional area must meet the requirements of the planning and management objectives for the utilization and protection of the shoreline functional area. For projects that have been built in the shoreline functional area and have a significant impact on flood control, water supply, bank slope stability and water ecological environment, we should adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts, and put forward opinions on repaying them in a planned and step-by-step manner according to the principles of justice, fairness and openness.

(threeManagement should be strengthened and strictly controlled for shoreline utilization projects prohibited from development in the shoreline functional area, and no unit or individual is allowed to develop and utilize the shoreline without authorization. For the established or planned shoreline utilization projects, we should communicate with relevant departments in time and put forward adjustment opinions.

(four) For the projects controlled for development and utilization in the shoreline functional area, the principles, measures and restrictive conditions for control and utilization should be put forward according to the attribute requirements of the functional area. Such as controlling the project scale, quantity, shoreline utilization length, etc.

(five) For the projects that conform to the development and utilization of the shoreline functional areas, the basic requirements and management measures for the development and utilization of the projects should be put forward according to the specific conditions of the development and utilization projects, combined with the attributes and evaluation opinions of the shoreline functional areas.

We will fully implement the strictest water resources management system, build a water supply system with reasonable layout, optimized allocation, reliable capacity and safe guarantee, rationally arrange water for life, production and ecology, and improve the guarantee capacity of urban and rural water supply, agricultural irrigation and ecological water storage through rational allocation of water resources.

till/extremely2025Year, ten thousand yuanGDPThe water consumption is further reduced, and the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water is increased to0.6Above, the leakage rate of urban water supply network is controlled in10%Below.

till/extremely2030In, the allocation of water resources was more optimized, the total water consumption was strictly controlled within the total water consumption index, the water use efficiency was comprehensively improved, and the supervision and management of water functional areas were more standardized.

one、Implement the strictest water resources management system and the Regulations on Water Conservation in Anhui Province; Strengthen the total amount and efficiency control of water intake in rivers and lakes, and strengthen the supervision and management of water functional areas.According to the requirements of water function zoning system, combination of concentration control and total amount control system, examination and approval system for setting sewage outlets into rivers, water quantity protection system and water ecosystem protection system, management is carried out. It is strictly prohibited to discharge pollutants or carry out development and utilization activities of polluted water quality in the water supply source area.

2It is strictly forbidden to encroach on the lake area, reduce the lake area, and the development and utilization are subject to the requirements of lake regulation and storage. According to the provisions of the Water Law and the Flood Control Law and the flood control planning opinions of the river basin, the fishing is returned to the lake in a planned way.

three、Carry out the verification of water intakes around the lake, strengthen the measurement and monitoring of water intake, the statistics and verification system of water intake, and accelerate the construction of water resources monitoring capacity.

four、Promote agriculture in an all-round wayjobSave water, accelerate agricultural modernization, popularize water-saving irrigation technology, improve irrigation water metering facilities, improve water utilization coefficient of canal system, develop efficient facility agriculture, leisure sightseeing agriculture, use surface water efficiently, and optimize crop planting structure.

fiveStrengthen the supervision and management of water functional areas, implement the Opinions on Further Strengthening the Supervision and Management of Water Functional Areas, and comprehensively strengthen the supervision and management of water functional areas. Scientifically verify the control amount of pollutants entering the lake and river in water functional areas, put forward the scheme of limiting pollution intake, as an important basis for water pollution prevention and pollution reduction, establish the total amount control system of pollutants entering the lake and river and the supervision and management system of water functional areas, implement full coverage monitoring and evaluation of water functional areas, and establish and improve the notification system.

six, vigorously carry out water-saving publicity, carry out3.22“World Water Day"、“china water week"、“Water saving Anhui hang"Theme publicity and water-saving and water-saving volunteer service activities, and promote the construction of social practice base for water-saving education.

Through pollution control and total discharge control into the river, the water quality of drinking water sources has reached the standard in an all-round way, and the water quality of lakes has continued to improve.

arrive2025In, the water quality compliance rate of water functional areas was maintained.100%, the lake water quality reached.ⅢClass, the degree of eutrophication is maintained at mild eutrophication; The water quality compliance rate of tributaries entering the lake reached.100%, the water quality reachesⅣ～ⅢClass; The water quality of drinking water source reaches or exceeds.ⅢClass proportion100%.

one) Strengthen the protection of drinking water sources.

Strengthen the Tuohu Lake area2At the township level drinking water source protection, the construction of automatic monitoring stations, to achieve online real-time monitoring of water quality in water sources.

2) Strengthen the construction of urban sewage treatment plants and supporting pipe networks.

Promote the construction of urban sewage treatment plants, improve the construction of sewage pipe networks and other collection systems, and build sewage treatment plants and supporting pipe networks in Xiaowei Town, Dongliuji Town and Shenji Town respectively.

three) Promote the construction of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities.

Improve the level of rural domestic pollution control, and reasonably determine the construction tasks of rural domestic sewage facilities and pipe networks in areas where the direct discharge of rural domestic sewage is serious in accordance with the principle of combining decentralization and concentration. If the sewage treatment facilities are not running due to the unsuitable pipe network, the construction task of sewage collection pipe network shall be determined according to the distribution of rural domestic sewage discharge and the analysis results of pipe network coverage. Construction of new pipe network, maintenance pipe network, three-format septic tank and sewage treatment station in Haocheng Town.

four) Strengthen the cleaning and cleaning of river garbage.

Clean up the garbage in Haocheng Town, Dongliuji Town, Shenji Town, Xiaowei Town and Tuohu Township in Tuohu River Basin, set up protection signs, and prohibit the river from dumping garbage at will. Set up the building garbage dump, and clear the garbage dump in time to put some garbage.

five) control planting pollution

(one) adjustment of planting structure

Adjust and optimize the planting structure, carry out the whole process quality control of pollution-free agricultural products, comprehensively promote agricultural cleaner production technology, and reduce the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer and chemical pesticides. Build an ecological demonstration base of organic agriculture, restore and enhance the ecological function of the area around Tuohu Lake, and build an ecological barrier. According to the standards of organic agriculture and production methods, the application of agricultural chemical inputs is prohibited from the source. Fully implement soil testing and formula fertilization, expand the scale of commercial organic fertilizer subsidies, popularize effective straw returning technology, and guide farmers to plant green manure.

(2Ecological interception of non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus loss in planting industry

Adjust farming techniques, popularize straw returning to fields, speed up the adoption of technologies such as ecological ridges, ecological ditches, ecological isolation belts of dry land systems, ecological wetland treatment and buffering and interception of natural ponds in agricultural areas, and use the ecological engineering transformation of existing farmland ditches and ponds to establish a new ecological interception system for non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus loss, intercept and absorb nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants, and greatly reduce the direct discharge of non-point source pollutants to water bodies.

six) control the pollution of livestock and poultry breeding

(one) Large-scale livestock and poultry farms

carry forward“Scale farming+biogas power generation+green planting"Mode, try to build an eco-agricultural circular agriculture base matching with biogas power generation grid connection. According to the needs of breeding scale and pollution prevention and control, supporting the construction of fecal sewage storage and treatment facilities, and at the same time transferring the land matching the breeding scale to develop farming or tea planting to absorb livestock and poultry manure, or incorporating it into the local harmless collection and treatment system, which cannot be directly discharged into water bodies; Guide and supervise the implementation of solid-liquid separation in farms, increase the construction of manure storage tanks in farms and fields, encourage organic fertilizer plants to actively purchase livestock manure in farms, and use livestock manure and abandoned straw in farmland to produce organic fertilizer; Guide large-scale farms to build organic fertilizer processing plants that match the breeding quantity.

(2) decentralized farmers

Strengthen the environmental pollution control of farms, strengthen the standardization construction of pig farms, improve feed nutrition formula, popularize technologies such as dry cleaning of manure, dry-wet separation, rain-sewage separation and water saving, establish and improve facilities for harmless treatment of manure, do a good job in comprehensive utilization of biogas residue and biogas slurry, and reduce the amount of pollutants. Vigorously promote to“Zhunumata"The main breeding mode. big push“Non-scale household collection+centralized treatment+biogas power generation+green planting"Eco-circular agriculture model based on.

The ecological protection objectives of Tuohu Lake are as follows: following the concept of harmonious coexistence between man and lake, restoring wet vegetation and aquatic vegetation in shoals, improving and protecting biological habitat environment and maintaining biodiversity; Enhance the self-purification ability of the system to pollutants entering the lake, and make the lake ecosystem gradually enter a virtuous cycle track; Realize the sustainable and coordinated development of natural ecology, society and economy in Tuohu Lake.

Recently (to)2025Objective: to clean up and rectify illegal production in the lake area; The implementation of ecological restoration and sewage interception projects has improved the water quality and the lake ecosystem has shown a recovery trend; Fishery germplasm resources are stable, and the population is rising; Stabilize ecosystem types and communities.

Forward (to)2030Goal: the lake ecosystem will be fully restored and the structure will be stable; The biodiversity is obviously improved; Species diversity and genetic diversity are stable; Fishery resources have reached a new level, the population structure is reasonable, and the anti-interference ability is obviously strengthened; The water quality has been significantly improved; The service function of lake ecosystem is more optimized.

Taking the ability of water ecosystem to support and maintain the main ecological processes and the biological communities with certain species composition, diversity and functional organization as close as possible to the undisturbed state, taking the historical state of Tuohu Lake or the original state unaffected by human beings as the goal of the guarantee scheme, and controlling the input of river basin pollution sources and exogenous pollution loads. The main contents include:

one) Returning lakes to space, optimizing hydrological regulation mode and restoring habitat conditions;

2) Restore the structure of aquatic ecosystem dominated by aquatic plants, restore and conserve wetlands, and enhance the vitality of aquatic ecosystem;

three) reduce the invasion of alien species, gradually regulate the aquatic plant community structure and lake ecosystem structure, and give the lake time to recuperate;

four) Regularly investigate the depth of lake siltation and the degree of sediment pollution, and carry out dredging in heavily polluted areas to reduce endogenous pollution.

one) establishsoundManagement system combining unified management with hierarchical management in Tuohu Lake

depend on“river chief system", establishsoundManagement system combining unified management with hierarchical management in Tuohu Lake. Construct a three-level responsibility system for lake chiefs at county, township and village (residence). Clarify the lake chiefs at all levels within the scope of Tuo Lake, clarify the responsibilities and work contents of the lake chiefs, strengthen territorial management and hierarchical management, realize the classification and subsection responsibility of counties and villages, and establish a long-term inspection, cleaning and coordination mechanism for coastal villages.

2) Improve the water environment monitoring system

Construction of automatic water monitoring system. In the important city and county junction sections, the main rivers around the lake entering the lake and the drinking water sources in Tuohu Lake, automatic monitoring points are added. Combined with the existing water level and quantity monitoring points, automatic monitoring and video monitoring systems for water quantity and quality are set up, automatic monitoring indicators for water environment are increased, and nutrients are strengthened (TP、TN) and monitoring of biological indicators. The environmental protection departments of Wuhe County and the relevant counties and cities in Tuohu Basin are responsible for the construction, operation and maintenance of the monitoring system, and fully grasp the monitoring of water quality and sewage discharge.

At present, Tuohu has built an automatic water quality station.oneA, located in the Guanzui section at the mouth of Tangtuo River. On this basis, adding automatic monitoring stations, increasing automatic monitoring indicators of nutrients, perfecting the automatic monitoring network of Tuohu Lake’s beneficial water quality, and grasping the water quality changes of rivers entering and leaving the lake in time are important means to realize the ecological security monitoring of Tuohu Lake. It is planned to build automatic water quality monitoring stations in the sections of Tuohe River and Tanghe River entering Tuohu Lake, as well as two drinking water sources in Tuohu Lake.

three) establish a cross-city coordination mechanism

The first is to establish a planning cooperation mechanism. One party shall inform it in writing and solicit the opinions of the other party before approving the protection plan or development and utilization plan of the lake area; When the protection plan or development and utilization plan is approved, the other party’s planning report should be taken as an annex.

The second is to establish a joint prevention and control mechanism for water pollution incidents. Clear the relevant responsible departments and liaison officers for joint disposal of sudden water pollution incidents, and timely inform relevant information; Both parties invite each other to participate in consultation and judgment as necessary during the prevention and disposal stage of sudden water pollution incidents; The two sides cooperate to do a good job in water resources dispatching and water pollution prevention and control during the emergency water pollution response and disposal;

The third is to explore the establishment of a joint law enforcement mechanism in river basins. Conduct cross-departmental joint law enforcement inspections; According to the needs of the work, hold meetings from time to time to exchange information on water pollution prevention, water resources protection, law enforcement inspections, emergency response and other aspects.

The fourth is to establish a joint investigation mechanism for disputes. For the conflicts caused by the management, development and utilization of water resources and hydropower resources by the parties at the cross-city river boundary, the party whose water rights and interests are damaged shall negotiate with the other party in time. And set up a water dispute coordination group led by the river basin authorities, and set up a joint investigation team to mediate.

The planned environmental impact assessment scope includes the planned scope and the affected scope of environmental factors. The scope of environmental impact assessment of this planning includes planning control29.73The range of square kilometers; The affected area of environmental factors includes the newly opened Tuohe sluice in Tuohu River Basin.3061Square kilometer drainage area.

(oneEnsure water safety and maintain the function of flood control and waterlogging elimination of lakes.

till/extremely2025In, the comprehensive flood control and drainage system in Tuohu Basin was further improved, so that the flood control and drainage system basically reached the flood control and drainage standards stipulated in the flood control planning of Tuohu Basin. arrive2030In 2000, the short board of flood control in the basin was fully filled.

(2) to ensure the safety of water quality and maintain the water environment function of lakes.

arrive2025In, Tuohu Lake functional area and important water functional areas of main tributaries reached the standard, meeting the requirements of water function and water environment function in various places; Ensure that the water quality of water supply reaches the standard in an all-round way, and the safety of centralized drinking water sources in towns and villages along the lake is effectively guaranteed.

(three) protect aquatic organisms and maintain lake water ecosystem.

Protect aquatic biodiversity and ecologically sensitive areas, protect important aquatic organisms and their habitats, and maintain the integrity and connectivity of the aquatic ecosystem of Tuohu Lake and its important tributaries.

(four) protect important wetlands and maintain the functional integrity of wetlands.

Tuo Lake is included in the red line of ecological protection in our province, and the protection of rare wetland animals and plants and their habitats is emphasized to maintain the integrity of Tuo Lake wetland structure and wetland ecological function.

6.2Coordination of planning

This plan is based on“Strengthen lake protection, give full play to lake functions, rationally utilize lake resources, maintain lake ecological environment, prevent and control water disasters, standardize lake development and utilization behavior, and realize sustainable utilization of lake resources."And compiled, with significant protective characteristics. The planning content fully considers the connection of flood control and drainage, water resources, water ecology, aquaculture, agriculture, forestry, water environment and other aspects. After the implementation of the planning, it will improve the flood control and disaster reduction capacity of Tuohu Lake, improve the water quality environment of Tuohu Lake, repair the severely damaged Tuohu Lake ecology and promote the sustainable development of regional economy and society. The planning conforms to the sustainable development strategy and policies established by the state.

The planning conforms to the requirements of laws and regulations such as People’s Republic of China (PRC) Water Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Flood Control Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Water and Soil Conservation Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Water Pollution Prevention Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Aquatic Wildlife Protection Implementation Regulations, Wetland Protection Management Regulations and Anhui Wetland Protection Regulations.

According to the identification and analysis of environmental impact, the implementation of this plan has good environmental benefits, and its main beneficial effects mainly include:

oneAccording to the once-in-20-year-period design flood control standard, strengthening and upgrading dikes and building flood control channels at the top of dikes will play a positive role in improving people’s production and living environment and providing flood control security for the economy and society.

2By preventing and controlling the pollution of rivers entering the lake, promoting the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, livestock and poultry breeding pollution, speeding up the centralized treatment of rural domestic sewage and promoting the construction of township domestic garbage treatment facilities, etc., the prevention and control measures of aquaculture pollution, such as returning fish (fields) to the lake and promoting healthy ecological farming, can reduce endogenous pollution, improve the water quality of the lake and increase the available water resources, which has a positive role in promoting economic development.

threeThe implementation of protection measures such as aquatic vegetation restoration and fish resources protection (proliferation and release, control of fishing intensity and reform of fishery management mechanism) is beneficial to the restoration and protection of fishery resources and aquatic organisms in Tuohu Lake, and to the restoration and protection of biodiversity in Tuohu Lake, so as to make rational use of Tuohu Lake resources on the basis of full protection, realize significant and sustained growth of biological output and economic output in Tuohu Lake, and at the same time maintain and improve the natural ecological environment of the region and river basin.

fourThrough the delineation of Tuohu shoreline development and utilization functional zones (shoreline protection zones) according to lawfiveA reserved areaeightA restricted development zonesevenA development and utilization areafourA total of24), strictly control the space of lake waters (control the construction of lake-related projects, scientific demonstration, restoration and remediation, and special cleaning and rectification), promote the demarcation of management scope (delimit the management scope of rivers and lakes and the management and protection scope of water conservancy projects), strengthen shoreline protection and economical and intensive utilization (strengthen the control of shoreline use and economical and intensive utilization, strictly control the intensity of development and utilization) and supervise the disposal of solid waste (strengthen the supervision of solid waste stacking, transfer and dumping, and improve the treatment of solid waste)

fiveThe implementation of the plan can protect important infrastructure such as water conservancy projects, which is conducive to lake flood control and water supply safety and has a positive effect on promoting economic and social development.

sixThrough the health assessment of Tuo Lake in different periods (before, during and after the implementation of the plan), the health status of Tuo Lake, the implementation effect of the protection plan and the existing problems were evaluated, so as to provide more targeted suggestions and measures for the protection of Tuo Lake.

sevenIt plays an important role in improving the eutrophication of Tuohu Lake by strengthening the water ecological protection in key areas such as the headwaters, water conservation areas and ecologically sensitive areas of the main tributaries of Tuohu Lake, and carrying out forest greening and efficiency improvement projects, degraded forest restoration projects, young and middle-aged forest tending projects and immature forest conservation projects in the water conservation areas of the river basin to ensure the water quality at the headwaters. By reducing the pollution load of rivers entering the lake, strengthening the control of endogenous pollution, proliferating filter-feeding fish and strengthening the protection and restoration of the lakeshore zone, the water pollution degree of Tuo Lake is reduced and its nutritional status index is reduced.

Generally speaking, all the measures to be taken in this plan can promote the harmonious coexistence between man and nature to a certain extent, and at the same time promote the sustainable and coordinated development of regional economy and society and the resources and environment of Tuohu Lake.

one, planning the impact of engineering construction.

Measures such as lake shoreline regulation and dredging basically do not produce new pollution sources, but in the construction process, mechanical operation may affect the water quality in a short period of time and destroy aquatic organisms in the lake. Improper sludge disposal will cause certain pollution to farmland and water areas in the surrounding areas. Produced during the construction period of the project“three wastes in industrial production"And noise will have a certain impact on the lives of construction workers and nearby residents. Earthworks are prone to local soil erosion, and some projects will also have some impacts on transportation, water supply, flood control and drainage during construction, but these impacts are short-term and have a small impact range, which can be reduced or eliminated through reasonable construction arrangements and environmental protection measures.

2The influence of returning farmland (polder) to lakes

The plan will implement the scheme and plan of returning farmland to lake and returning polder to lake. Withdrawing farmland and polder will damage the economic interests of farmers and fishermen, especially may change their way of life and affect the lives of residents around the lake. Government departments should actively strengthen environmental protection propaganda, pay attention to the production and life of the affected residents and formulate compensation plans when implementing the plan.

three, the impact of the adjustment of fishery culture

The total withdrawal of polder and the reduction of purse seine farming will reduce the number of its employees, affect its normal production and life, and have a certain adverse impact on economic development in the short term. However, the adjustment of aquaculture structure and mode plays an important role in the restoration of aquatic vegetation and the diversity of fish population structure in Tuohu Lake. It is beneficial to improve the health of Tuohu Lake and promote the sustainable development of economy.

four, the impact of tourism development

Tourism development has a positive effect on residents’ leisure, entertainment, culture and education, and can improve residents’ happiness. However, tourism development may cause the lake area to shrink and the wetland to be destroyed, and the sewage and waste generated by various water sports, restaurants and entertainment in tourist attractions may have an impact on the environment of Tuohu Lake.

one) social environmental protection countermeasures

Reasonably plan the construction site and resettlement methods, control the scale of the project, and try not to occupy or occupy less cultivated land. For the cultivated land occupied by the project that cannot be avoided, the cultivated layer soil is collected for soil improvement of reclaimed cultivated land, inferior land or other cultivated land. After the completion of the project, the cultivated land temporarily occupied by the construction will be reclaimed in time. Develop circular, ecological and intensive agriculture, and optimize the structure and layout of land use. During the project construction, the production wastewater and domestic sewage should be treated, and appropriate dust suppression and noise reduction measures should be taken.

2) Countermeasures for water environment protection

(one) to carry out joint prevention and treatment of water environmental protection.

Fully implement the lake length system, take the long-term mechanism construction of water pollution prevention and control and water resources protection as the starting point, establish a management system of water conservancy and environmental protection cooperation, and promote cross-departmental joint pollution control in Tuohu Basin. Specific measures include:①Establish a joint regular consultation system. By the Bengbu water administrative department in conjunction with the administrative department of environmental protection jointly established Tuohu water environmental protection coordination joint consultation system, held regular joint meetings to coordinate the development of related work.②Establish a regular information notification system and joint monitoring. Strengthen the communication and cooperation of water conservancy and environmental protection system monitoring institutions in water quality monitoring, and carry out joint monitoring on important sections of Tuohu Lake regularly or irregularly. If abnormal monitoring results are found, joint third-party sampling monitoring should be carried out to investigate the causes and solve problems in time.③Conduct regular joint law enforcement inspections.④Establish an emergency linkage system for water environment in Tuohu Basin, coordinate the handling of sudden water pollution incidents, jointly respond to and prevent pollution accidents, and properly handle cross-border water disputes.

(2Deepen the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution

Strengthen the treatment of domestic sewage in rural areas, adopt appropriate technical routes according to local conditions, and disperse when appropriate and concentrate when appropriate. arrive2025In, the main rivers entering the lake and their tributaries on both sides.500The villages involved in the rice range have fully realized sewage treatment and discharge up to standard. Organize the investigation of black and odorous water bodies in rural areas, work out a treatment plan for black and odorous water bodies, take multiple measures simultaneously, take a multi-pronged approach, and take comprehensive measures such as source control and pollution interception, garbage cleaning, dredging and ecological restoration to promote the treatment of black and odorous water bodies in rural areas. We will continue to promote river dredging, bank slope improvement and water system connectivity in rural areas to achieve a smooth flow of living water.

In areas around Tuohu where conditions permit, we will accelerate the pilot project of rotation fallow, carry out the action of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers, guide the transformation of fertilization methods and modes, support the construction of specialized unified prevention and control service system, and promote the reduction and efficiency increase of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. arrive2025In, the popularization coverage rate of soil testing and formula fertilization technology for main crops reached.90%Above, the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is improved to40%Above, the coverage rate of unified prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests has reached40%Above. Promote the construction of ecological ditches, runoff collection and reuse facilities according to local conditions, and effectively prevent and control farmland water pollution.

(three) purse seine culture improvement

2025At the end of the year, the purse seine culture outside Tuohu fishery culture zone will be completely dismantled, and the aquaculture outside the culture zone will not be issued and charged. The purse seine culture in the culture zone needs to be cleaned up and rectified, and the ecological and healthy aquaculture technology will be promoted. Promote the fishermen’s ashore project. Adhere to local conditions, make full use of the existing policies related to urban and rural housing and social security, support fishermen’s landing and housing projects through multiple channels, and give the province overall and separate support for the land use indicators of new resettlement houses.

(four) Rational development and utilization of tourism resources

The tourism authorities should work out the development plan of Tuohu scenic spot, standardize the development behavior of tourism resources, and avoid disorderly development and blind construction. The development of tourism resources should be combined with the restoration and construction of lake ecosystem, and the destruction of lake ecological environment is strictly prohibited. Sewage and waste generated by tourism projects and activities should be collected and treated in a centralized way, and discharged up to the standard. It is strictly forbidden to directly discharge into the lake, which may not affect the water quality.

The planned measures can obviously promote the stability of lake morphology and improve the safety environment of people’s production and life, and have long-term positive significance for improving lake water quality, increasing the available water resources, restoring and protecting lake species diversity, and improving the natural ecological environment of regions and river basins, which is conducive to the sustainable utilization of lake resources such as fisheries and tourism, and to the sustainable development of regional social economy. The implementation of the plan may affect the original fishery output value and the life of its employees in the short term, and may also affect the water quality and natural environment of a small area of the lake, but these adverse effects are short-term and small-scale, and can be reduced by taking countermeasures. In the long run, it is beneficial to the ecological environment of the whole lake and the economic development of the whole region.

On August 10th, it was reported that Google publicly criticized Apple on the official website of Android on Tuesday, saying that it failed to improve the user experience of communication between iPhone and Android users. For a long time, some users have complained about green message bubbles in cross-device messages, such as poor compressed video quality, lack of read receipts, and other headaches. Google blames Apple for this, because the latter will convert the information sent between iPhone and Android users into SMS and MMS, both of which were developed decades ago and mainly designed for the plain text era.

Google believes that Apple should use Rich Communication Service (RSC) to realize this function. They believe that this is a "modern industry standard", which can improve users’ experience of sending text messages and making phone calls, and also support emoticons, videos and pictures. Android official website said, "These problems exist because Apple refuses to adopt modern communication standards when sending messages between iPhone and Android phones. Google also encourages visitors to share this topic on social media, including using "@ Apple" to remind Apple, and adding the topic tag of "#getthemessage". (Source: Sina Technology)

On the evening of August 10th, Beijing time, it was reported that Huang Renxun, CEO of NVIDIA, recently assured more than 22,000 employees of the company that NVIDIA would not lay off employees at least in the short term. Although the company issued a preliminary performance warning earlier, it said that its revenue in the second quarter would be lower than previously expected.

NVIDIA issued an early warning on Monday, saying that due to the sluggish game business, revenue in the second quarter is expected to be $6.7 billion, down 19% from the previous month and up 3% year-on-year. The revenue was lower than the $8.1 billion expected by NVIDIA and Wall Street analysts.

In response, Huang Renxun said in an email to employees that the performance in the second quarter was "significantly lower than expected", which was mainly due to the slowdown in the game business. But at the same time, he assured employees that the fundamentals of NVIDIA are still strong and the demand is still strong.

He said, "What does this mean for us? Will we lay off employees? No. On the contrary, we gave you a raise to take care of your families, because all of you are facing severe inflation. (Source: cnBeta)

　

According to six Form 4 documents published on the website of the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and submitted on August 9, Tesla CEO Musk reported the sale of nearly 7.92 million shares of Tesla on the 5th, 8th and 9th local time, with a value of about 6.89 billion US dollars. According to Bloomberg, the transaction reduced the Tesla shares directly held by Musk to about 155 million shares. According to statistics, in the past 10 months, Musk has sold Tesla shares worth about $32 billion. (Source: Interface News)

　

On August 10th, it was learned from several independent sources that Yi Wei, the former senior vice president of Meitu Mobile, had joined the Weilai mobile phone team as the head of the software department.

A source said that at present, Yi Wei "can’t see the specific (rank) in Weilai, only the code name". "Weilai’s mobile phone team has more than 300 people, and the background of employees includes OPPO, Meitu and Huawei," a person familiar with the matter said. According to the recruitment website, Weilai has released a large number of positions that are strongly related to the mobile phone business, including Camera App development engineer, Android engineer, and smart watch product manager. The above-mentioned person said that the salary offered by Weilai to the mobile phone team was "mostly increased by 10%-20%".

In this regard, Li Bin, CEO of Weilai, responded: Now we have to work hard and tell you when the mobile phone is made. (Source: 36Kr)

On the afternoon of August 10th, a number of people familiar with the matter revealed that the blade battery supplied by BYD has been delivered to Tesla’s super factory in Berlin, Germany, which is also the first super factory in Tesla to use BYD battery. It is expected that Tesla vehicles equipped with BYD blade batteries will be off the assembly line within one month at the earliest (that is, from the end of August to the beginning of September). It was also learned from another source that the Shanghai super factory, which has received much attention, has no plans to use BYD batteries for the time being.

A number of insiders who did not want to be named confirmed the authenticity of this news. A BYD source revealed that BYD supplied Tesla with blade batteries and shipped them to Europe. At the same time, the first batch of Tesla vehicles equipped with BYD blade batteries can be rolled off the assembly line at the Berlin factory within one month at the earliest. A person from Tesla Giga Shanghai said that at present, we have not seen any BYD battery on the production line in the Shanghai Super Factory, nor have we heard about the relevant plans. (Source: Sina Technology)

　

On August 10th, in response to recent rumors that Tik Tok Platform and some head anchors signed hundreds of millions of gambling agreements, the relevant person in charge of Tik Tok E-commerce said that this was false news and there was no similar gambling agreement. E-commerce in Tik Tok encourages merchants and talents to obtain platform traffic by supplying good goods, displaying good content and providing good services. Earlier, there were rumors that the gambling agreement of this year’s super-head anchor was driven by both the platform and the brand. (Source: Netease Technology)

　

On August 10th, at the 2022 World 5G Conference, Liu Liehong, the chairman of China Unicom, said that China operators provided cost-effective services, while the traffic broke out, the traffic revenue only increased by 0.7%, the one-month package was cheaper than take-away food, the average tariff was half that of foreign countries, and the ARPU value (average income per user) was equivalent to 18% of that of the United States, so it was impossible to significantly decrease against the law. (Source: Tiger Sniffing APP)

　

Recently, Lenovo Group began to intensively recruit automotive R&D talents. Open positions include autopilot engineering director, in-vehicle infotainment system director, senior hardware/software manager, etc. In addition, LR VC Lab related positions are also opened. This is considered by the outside world that Lenovo may participate in building a car.

In this regard, Yang Yuanqing, chairman and CEO of Lenovo Group, responded at the performance meeting that Lenovo has no plan to build a car, and the recruiter is doing forward-looking research. (Source: Beijing News)

　

On August 10th, the black cat complaint platform showed that there were more than 1,000 complaints about the stranger social App "Heart Encounter" owned by Hong Kong stock listed company "Cloud Music", which mainly involved false propaganda, induced consumption, unreasonable titles and pornography.

The black cat complained that netizens reported that when they met a beautiful woman as bait, they took the charge of words, voices, videos and other related levels, recharged gold coins in cash, and then deducted them by chatting. They would always charge without paying attention to each other, and some information in the App was pornographic. Some netizens said that the girlfriend on the platform has been tempting users to communicate in depth, constantly charging money to brush intimacy, saying that WeChat or telephone can be displayed. As a result, the number has been blocked and the girlfriend cannot be contacted. (Source: AI Finance and Economics)

On the morning of August 10th, Yu Bing, senior vice president of Aauto Quicker and head of StreamLake, revealed that Aauto Quicker focused on AI and audio and video services, and developed a cloud-based intelligent video processing SoC chip SL200 and its solution for live video on demand applications. At present, it has been successfully streamed and is undergoing online internal testing.

Yu Bing pointed out that the launch of the chip will help to further enhance the technical strength of the industry and help customers and enterprises to bring higher profits with lower computing costs. According to its introduction, the chip is still in the small-scale testing stage, and it will take some time for mass production. (source: cnBeta)

　

In 2020, Amazon launched a palm scanning payment technology called Amazon One, which allows users to pay by directly scanning their palms. This technology has been applied in some stores in the United States before. Now, according to The Verge, Amazon is expanding this technology to 65 whole foods supermarkets in California, which is Amazon’s largest promotion to date.

This technology is called Amazon One. Customers can use Amazon One self-service machine to take photos and add palm information in stores that support this technology, and also need to provide their mobile phone number and debit card (credit card). After the setting is completed, you can take the items to the front desk to check out. You don’t need to take out your wallet or mobile phone. You just need to hover your palm over the device to complete the payment and leave. (Source: IT House)

On August 10th, at 12: 50 today, China successfully launched 16 satellites, including Jilin No.1 high-scoring 03D09 star and YunYao No.1 04-08 star, at Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. These 16 satellites are mainly used in commercial remote sensing, atmospheric imaging and other fields.

According to CCTV, China launched 36 commercial satellites in 2021, and more than 50 commercial satellites will be launched this year. With the increasing demand for commercial satellites, the production and launch of commercial satellites in China are also accelerating. China’s commercial aerospace has formed the development of the whole industrial chain from research and development to launch, operation and application.

Jia Hongguang, deputy general manager of Changguang Satellite, said: At present, its orders mainly come from universities, enterprises and local governments in China, among which there is a great demand in the field of natural resource monitoring, and 60 customized orders for satellites are being implemented.

He believes that by the end of 2023, the total number of satellites will reach 140, and it will exceed 300 by the end of the 14 th Five-Year Plan. (Source: IT House)

In recent years, due to the change of people’s lifestyle, the incidence of stomach diseases is increasing year by year. At present, about 70% of the general population suffers from stomach diseases, and it shows a trend of younger age.

At the turn of the season, it is the high incidence season of stomach diseases. On the one hand, the heat in summer has not completely faded away, and people often don’t avoid cold food. On the other hand, the weather is getting colder, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the gastrointestinal function is weakened, so it is easy to suffer from gastrointestinal diseases. Huang Feijian, an expert in internal medicine at Dongcheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that people should pay special attention to the acquired protection of the spleen and stomach and try to avoid chilled drinks and foods in summer.

Gastropathy mostly develops from chronic superficial gastritis.

As mentioned in Huangdi Neijing, the spleen and stomach are the sea of water valleys. Only when the spleen and stomach are good, what we eat can be digested and absorbed normally, and then we can study and live energetically. If the digestion is not good, the human body may have a series of problems such as hypoxia and ischemia, which may lead to dizziness and weakness in walking, and even more serious diseases such as enteritis and heart disease. Therefore, it is very important to protect the spleen and stomach.

In today’s era, common stomach diseases include chronic superficial gastritis, chronic congestive gastritis, chronic antritis, chronic erosive gastritis, chronic esophageal reflux gastritis, bile reflux gastritis, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, intestinal ulcer and colitis. Among them, chronic superficial gastritis, atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer are common diseases in our lives. In recent years, with the increasing pressure of life, people’s irregular eating habits and lifestyle changes, more and more people suffer from such stomach diseases.

Huang Feijian said that chronic superficial gastritis can be said to be the basic gastritis of all stomach diseases, and there are many patients. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, chronic superficial gastritis is related to cold pathogen or damp pathogen, and the main symptoms include flatulence, bowel sounds, abdominal sounds, and unpleasant diet. If it is a stomach disease caused by cold and dampness, the main symptoms are noisy and restless stomach, flatulence, acid regurgitation, slight vomiting and constipation, and there will be cases where the symptoms are aggravated by eating cold things and slightly relieved by eating hot ones. After wet and cold stasis appear in the body, the body will have symptoms such as fear of heat, dry mouth, dizziness, insomnia, palpitation, shortness of breath and even high blood pressure.

Among many stomach diseases, chronic superficial gastritis is a mild and easy-to-treat disease, but it should be found and treated early. For chronic superficial gastritis, the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine focuses on promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis on the basis of dispelling cold, dehumidification and strengthening the body resistance. The medicine contains Erchen decoction, Huaqi decoction and Lizhong decoction.

Attention should be paid to the fact that gastric ulcer and atrophic gastritis can induce cancer.

Gastric ulcer and atrophic gastritis are concepts of western medicine. Among them, the symptoms of gastric ulcer are applicable to the category of epigastric pain in traditional Chinese medicine, and the lesions are mostly in the upper abdomen, and may also appear in the left upper abdomen or behind the sternum and xiphoid process. Patients often feel dull pain, dull pain, distending pain, burning pain, bloating, fullness, anorexia, indigestion, poor diet or inability to eat. In life, overeating sweets is usually one of the causes of gastric ulcer. The stomach can’t digest and metabolize a lot of sweets completely, and it accumulates in the stomach, which in turn leads to gastric ulcer.

Patients with gastric ulcer often have their symptoms relieved or disappeared after meals. The pain is obvious from half an hour to an hour after meals, and gradually relieved after 1-2 hours, and the pain is aggravated at night. The pain gets worse after catching cold, overeating and drinking. Some patients also have nausea, vomiting, acid regurgitation, belching and diarrhea, and some patients may have no symptoms or take complications such as bleeding and perforation as the first symptom. Gastric ulcer can lead to perforation of ulcer, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and long-term attack can easily lead to gastric cancer.

Atrophic gastritis, also known as chronic atrophic gastritis, is a chronic digestive system disease characterized by atrophy and reduction of gastric mucosa epithelium and glands, thinning of gastric mucosa, thickening of mucosal base, or metaplasia of pyloric gland and intestinal gland, or atypical hyperplasia. Often manifested as dull pain in the upper abdomen, fullness, belching, loss of appetite, emaciation, anemia, etc., it is a multi-pathogenic disease. According to data observation, if atrophic gastritis is not treated in time, the canceration rate is quite high. In the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, atrophic gastritis mainly focuses on relieving qi, strengthening the body resistance, supplementing qi and blood, and improving immunity, and on this basis, it clears up the environment for the growth of Helicobacter pylori. It can be cured in a month or two or three months.

Gastric ulcer and atrophic gastritis can occur independently or simultaneously. Gastric ulcer disease occurs on the basis of chronic gastritis, and many patients with gastric ulcer have chronic atrophic gastritis.

Look, hear and ask questions, and intervene according to the symptoms

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that six evils and seven emotions are both factors leading to atrophic gastritis of gastric ulcer. Most patients with gastric ulcer and atrophic gastritis have white, thick and greasy tongue coating, heavy and astringent pulse, and the pulse is full of yang, and the yin and cold are heavy, which leads to the breeding of Helicobacter pylori. The principle of Chinese medicine in treating diseases is not to directly kill Helicobacter pylori, but to regulate the body itself and fundamentally change the breeding environment of Helicobacter pylori, so that there is no soil for Helicobacter pylori to breed again.

Therefore, whether it is gastric ulcer or atrophic gastritis, it is necessary to find out the cause according to the patient’s pulse, tongue and face, and distinguish which constitution the patient belongs to, cold, dampness, cold and dampness, or stasis. After the diagnosis, the problem can be fundamentally solved by targeted treatment according to the lesions and symptoms.

Diet and life management are indispensable for the treatment of old stomach diseases.

It is very important to protect the temperature of the stomach for patients with gastric ulcer and atrophic gastritis. Diet should be warm, soft, light, vegetarian and fresh, so as to achieve regular quantitative, eat less and eat more meals, do not eat hot, hard, too spicy, too sticky food, but also avoid overeating, smoking and drinking. Under the guidance of a doctor, we should avoid taking drugs that irritate the stomach, and pay attention to the method of taking them, preferably half an hour after meals, in order to avoid irritating the gastric mucosa and worsening the condition. In particular, you can’t eat things that are too cold often. Generally speaking, the temperature of the stomach is around 36 degrees, while the temperature of iced food is between MINUS 1 degree and MINUS 2 degrees. If you drink and eat for a long time, the temperature of the stomach will drop, which will lead to stomach diseases. Therefore, even in hot summer, all kinds of iced drinks and foods should be avoided as much as possible.

Gastric ulcer and atrophic gastritis are closely related to mood and mentality. Therefore, we should pay attention to mental health, keep cheerful and emotional stability, and avoid the stimulation of bad emotions such as tension, anxiety and anger. At the same time, the law of life, work should be combined with rest, ensure sleep, and insist on proper exercise.

■ Tips

Experts recommend traditional Chinese medicine prescription for nourishing stomach

Stomach fever: 1 gram of honeysuckle and 1 rose.

People with stomach cold: stir-fried coix seed 10 grams, Poria cocos 10 grams, 3 slices of ginger, or put a little black tea to protect the gastric mucosa.

Women with stomach fever: 1 gram of chrysanthemum and 2 grams of Bai Meihua.

Women with stomach cold: 1 rose, 2 grams of dried tangerine peel, make tea to drink.

Old people: 6 grams of Astragalus, 6 grams of Poria, make tea to drink. Or add 6 grams of Salvia Miltiorrhiza.

Flatulence: Draw a circle along the navel every night, 36 times clockwise and 36 times counterclockwise, until you have a fever.

■ Tips

Several behaviors that are easy to hurt the stomach

1. Frozen diet is prone to "gastritis"

In the hot summer, you can sweat when you sit still. Many people will gulp down a glass of cold beer or drink a bottle of frozen drink quickly in order to cool down and quench their thirst. I feel carefree, but the cold drink and cold beer I just drank will stimulate the warm stomach. Just like conditioned reflex, the gastric mucosa will contract rapidly, leading to gastric ischemia and hypoxia, which will lead to the recurrence of gastritis or gastropathy.

2. Blowing the air conditioner makes the stomach "cold"

Because of the hot weather, many people blow the air conditioner for a long time at night or blow the fan all night, and don’t cover the quilt at all. Although doing so can increase the comfort of sleep, but let the body stay in a low temperature state for a long time, which will easily make the stomach catch cold, cause stomach discomfort, nausea, bloating and other symptoms.

Irregular diet hurts the stomach the most.

If you don’t eat breakfast, you are hungry for a full meal, and your three meals are unbalanced or overeating, you can do it occasionally, but if you do this for a long time, the damage to your stomach will accumulate over time, which will cause great trouble. Especially for people who have problems with their stomachs, it is simply worse.

Expert:

Huang Feijian, Vice President of Dongcheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine

He studied under Professor Tong Xiaolin, the chief researcher of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and is now a member of Chinese Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine. He has been engaged in scientific research and clinical work on digestive tract diseases, respiratory diseases and allergic diseases for more than 30 years. Good at treating spleen and stomach diseases, gastric ulcer, intestinal ulcer, atrophic gastritis, colitis, etc. Allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic sinusitis, paranasal sinusitis, nasal polyps, urticaria, eczema and other intractable diseases. (Beijing Morning Post reporter Zhang Xiaoli Zhu Fengqi)