Somewhere on the border between China and Myanmar, at night, a group of more than ten people approached the border in the dark, and there were women and children inside. They swam across a shoal in front of them, and they could reach Myanmar on the other side, where someone met them. When these people approached the China-Myanmar border, they were captured by China public security personnel who had already ambushed them. In recent years, this kind of domestic and foreign "snakeheads" collude with each other to organize smuggling activities, which continue to occur frequently in the southwest China-Vietnam and China-Myanmar border areas. The Global Times reporter learned from the Ministry of Public Security that most of the stowaways in the southwest border had participated in underground lectures or had been exposed to propaganda materials on terrorism. They paid tens of thousands of yuan and traveled from Xinjiang to the southwest border under the "one-stop" arrangement. The ultimate goal was to participate in the "jihad" in the Middle East. It is reported that such smuggling activities are mainly conducted behind the scenes by the overseas "East Iraqi Movement" organization, which encourages stowaways to carry out "jihad" on the spot if they are blocked from leaving the country.

　　People who are blocked from smuggling create a terrorist case in Kunming.

　　On the night of March 1, 2014, a group of thugs rushed into Kunming Railway Station with weapons, and cut everyone they saw, killing 31 innocent people and injuring 141 others. A person in charge of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security told the Global Times reporter that this was a typical case in which a person tempted by extreme thoughts tried to sneak out of the country and was blocked, and instead launched a "jihad" on the spot in China. "In recent years, foreign forces have used religious extreme thoughts to confuse people and incite domestic people to participate in the’ migration jihad’. If the bewitched person is blocked in the process of smuggling out of the country, he will not hesitate to launch terrorist activities on the spot, causing great harm to innocent people. "

　　Shortly after the terrorism case in Kunming, there was another case of stowaways assaulting a police officer at the Sino-Vietnamese border crossing in Guangxi. The two victims in the case were Vietnamese military police.

　　On April 18, 2014, just after noon, there was a sudden shout of killing in the joint inspection building of Beifengsheng Port in Vietnam. At that time, Vietnamese military and police personnel escorted 16 China stowaways, preparing to repatriate them. Among the 16 people, there were 10 adult men who plotted to launch a "jihad" on the spot while being repatriated. According to the division of labor, a leading man was elected as the "Emir (Chief)". He found a toilet in the border inspection building as an excuse and opened a guard. Then he approached another guard and suddenly hugged each other, shouting slogans. The rest quickly smashed the wooden chairs around them, attacked the guards with wooden bars, grabbed submachine guns and fired. Vietnam quickly mobilized a large number of military police to arrive at the scene, and eight stowaways were killed in the crossfire.

　　It was later found that all 16 people were from Xinjiang. During the trial, the stowaway was deeply bewitched by extreme thoughts and indifferent to his family and children, which shocked China public security personnel. One of the women, Gulizina Abdul Rexi, was eight months pregnant. A few months ago, she and her husband sold all their possessions and took the 16-year-old daughter from Hotan to Urumqi by bus. After staying for three days, she took the train to Guangzhou, stayed in a small hotel with daily rent in 40 yuan, and waited for the "snakehead" to arrange for smuggling out of the country. Abdurejsi’s husband was killed by the Vietnamese police in the "4 18" case. She and her daughter did not shed a tear when they learned of his death.

　　In the case, Ayisha Mu Abdullah, the mother of three children, came to Guangzhou with two children. Before going to the Sino-Vietnamese border, the "snakehead" said that there were not enough seats in the car and she could only take one child, so she left her eldest son and let the next group of strangers take him out of the country.

　　According to Gui Baodong, the detachment leader of the Criminal Investigation Detachment of Fangchenggang Public Security Bureau in Guangxi, who was involved in handling the case, Vietnamese police finally surrounded a smuggling man and persuaded him to surrender, but the latter committed suicide by jumping off a building. Such crazy resisting arrest behavior is different from ordinary people.

　　Extra-large cross-border smuggling network surfaced

　　The background of two consecutive vicious incidents in March and April last year is that organized smuggling activities in the southwest border areas of China have increased in recent years, especially the collusion between "snakeheads" at home and abroad. In April last year, the Ministry of Public Security set up a "4 29" task force. Since May, police in Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xinjiang and other places have jointly cracked down on illegal immigration activities in the southwest border, and several working groups have been stationed in the front line. As a result, a complex and tight smuggling network surfaced.

　　This "one-stop" interest chain includes overseas command, domestic organization, transit, border guide and overseas "snakeheads". The Global Times reporter learned that among the more than 30 transnational smuggling criminal gangs destroyed by the "4 29" project, only the mega-gang headed by Guangxi "snakehead" Wei Hai organized more than 300 people to sneak out of the country from January to April 2014.

　　After Wei Hai was arrested, he confessed that every time he sneaked into the country, Eric Ahmad (nicknamed "A Le"), a foreigner, would give him instructions to pick him up. Wei Hai sent "Ma Zi" to hire a black car to pick up a group of stowaways, went near the border line, waited for an opportunity to cross the border at night and handed it over to the Vietnamese "snakehead". Vietnamese "snakeheads" hired cars to transport stowaways from the border to Hanoi, and then "A Le" organized stowaways to leave Vietnam.

　　Liu Huaming, deputy detachment leader of the Criminal Investigation Detachment of Fangchenggang Public Security Bureau in Guangxi, said that A Le paid Wei Hai 2,000 yuan for each stowaway who left the country. For stowaways, this 2000 yuan is only a short passage from the mainland to the border. Liu Huaming said, from leaving home to the border areas and then to overseas destinations, stowaways pay 30,000-50,000 yuan per capita. "The crackdown on public security in China has intensified, and the cost of smuggling has also risen. Recently, it has risen to 80,000-100,000 yuan per capita."

　　In response to China’s intensive crackdown, the "snakeheads" have racked their brains. The relevant person in charge of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security told the Global Times reporter that among a group of stowaways, "snakeheads" often have to arrange several leaders, and the jargon is called "patients". The so-called "patient" is a person who has a criminal record in China or is chased by the public security organs online. Once the smuggling process is blocked, he will lead others to "jihad" on the spot.

　　On August 30, 2014, the Fangchenggang police in Guangxi stopped a CMB near the Sino-Vietnamese border and asked the people on board to get off for questioning. The third middle-aged man suddenly took out a sharp knife from his waist and stabbed the nearest special police officer. Another special police officer decisively shot and wounded him. Afterwards, it was found out that the stowaway’s name was Aimeti Jiang Turgon, a native of Kashgar, Xinjiang. At the moment when the police stopped the car, he was responsible for inciting the fellow passengers to "jihad" on the spot. "We have more than a dozen special police officers and policemen present, armed with submachine guns and short guns. In this case, he still attacked with a knife, which shows that he has completely lost his mind," Liu Huaming said.

　　Police officer Alimu told reporters that in order to avoid inspection and crackdown, stowaways carefully designed and disguised. "Almost all the stowaways in each group are women and children, and this combination is easily mistaken for business or tourism. When they sneak out of Guangxi, they generally don’t go directly from Xinjiang to the border of Guangxi, but bypass other provinces and cities, and then hire’ black cars’ to get close to the border. "

　　Religious extreme thought is the root.

　　Since the "4 29" project was launched for more than eight months, the high incidence of illegal immigration has been curbed. The reporter of Global Times was informed that the public security frontier departments in Guangxi and Yunnan seized 166 illegal immigrants from January to April last year. After the operation, 34 people were seized from May to June, and only one person was seized by the Yunnan frontier department in July.

　　A domestic security official told the Global Times reporter on the 18th that the causes of organized smuggling in southwest border areas are complicated, and various factors at home and abroad are intertwined. The overseas "East Iraqi Movement" organization is behind the smuggling activities, and religious extreme thoughts are the root cause of the smuggling activities, with the aim of inciting domestic ethnic minorities to leave the country to engage in "jihad" activities in Middle East and Syria. Under the influence of comprehensive factors such as the manipulation and command of the "East Iraqi Movement" abroad and the propaganda and incitement of religious extreme thoughts, some religious extremists seek to leave the country to participate in terrorist organizations and "jihad", and some people are deceived and threatened.

　　The behind-the-scenes role of foreign forces was exposed in the smuggling case on the southwest border. According to police officer Alimu, three Chinese who tried to cross the mountain and cross the border were arrested recently. They started from a border county in Guangxi, but they got lost and turned back and were captured by the police. "The mobile phone communication of one of them showed that the stowaway kept taking photos with his mobile phone while climbing the mountain, and passed them on to overseas organizers. The organizers marked the specific smuggling route in Uighur on the returned photos, and marked the location of border checkpoints, police stations and boundary pillars, guiding the stowaway to leave the country illegally." Alimu said that these three people actually crossed the boundary pillar, but they mistakenly thought that they were still in China and had no choice but to return to Guangxi county. "Afterwards, they confessed that the organizer was in Turkey."

　　The police found from the cracked smuggling cases in the southwest border that most of the people involved had participated in underground lectures or watched violent videos. These audio and video videos of terror are basically wrapped in religious cloaks, and are "packaged" by Islamic hadith and sacred religious chanting. The content is completely opposite to the "doing good and stopping evil" advocated by Islam, openly clamoring for killing and suicide, and spreading the fallacy of "jihad martyrdom into heaven". It is precisely under the brainwashing and bewitching of the extreme religious thought of "jihad and martyrdom into heaven" that these stowaways lose their rationality and do whatever it takes to get into heaven, and regard the death of themselves and others as their passport to get into heaven.

　　Sun Xiaoying, a researcher at Guangxi Academy of Social Sciences, said that stowaways bewitched by religious extreme thoughts must pass through many countries to reach their destinations, and they may be investigated and punished in any place and repatriated according to international law. Some people eventually become international refugees because they throw away their identity documents. The above-mentioned domestic security officials said that from the current situation, some people who have sneaked out of the country from the southwest border have gone to the Middle East to participate in the "jihad" through some countries in Southeast Asia.

　　The head of the Criminal Investigation Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security told the Global Times reporter that at present, the "4 29" task force has identified a group of behind-the-scenes organizers hiding abroad and the "snakeheads" of Southeast Asian countries, and issued a red wanted order to key criminal suspects through Interpol. "The next step is to strengthen cooperation with the police in Southeast Asian countries, rely on bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms, jointly carry out transnational arrest work, and resolutely arrest the leaders and backbones of smuggling criminal gangs." (Liu Chang)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

(Decree No.26 of the State Education Commission on March 9, 1996)

Chapter I General Principles

　　Article 1 This Regulation is formulated in accordance with the Education Law of the People’s Republic of China and other relevant education laws and regulations in order to strengthen the standardized management of primary school contents, comprehensively implement the education policy and comprehensively improve the quality of education.

　　Article 2 The primary schools referred to in these Regulations are institutions established by the government, enterprises, institutions, social organizations, other social organizations and individual citizens to carry out general primary education for children.

　　Article 3 Primary schools shall implement compulsory primary education.

　　The length of schooling in primary schools isSix or five years. Provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may, according to the actual situation, determine the length of schooling for primary schools within their respective administrative areas.

　　Article 4 Primary schools should implement the policy that education must serve the socialist modernization, and must be combined with productive labor to train builders and successors of the socialist cause with moral, intellectual and physical development.

　　Article 5 Primary education should be connected with pre-school education and junior high school education. On the basis of school education, education and teaching activities should be implemented to make the educated lively and actively develop and lay the foundation for junior high school education.

　　Article 6 The training objectives of primary schools are:

　　Initially, he has the thoughts and feelings of loving the motherland, people, labor, science and socialism; Abide by social morality, collective consciousness and civilized behavior habits; Good will, character and lively and cheerful personality; Self-management and ability to distinguish right from wrong.

　　Have the basic knowledge and skills of reading, writing, expressing and calculating, know some common sense of life, nature and society, have the ability of initial observation, thinking, hands-on operation and learning, and develop good study habits. Learn the methods of reasonable exercise and physical maintenance, form the habit of paying attention to hygiene, and have a healthy body and initial environmental adaptability. Has a wide range of interests and a healthy interest in beauty.

　　Article 7 The basic teaching language in primary schools is Chinese. Schools should promote the use of Putonghua and standardized characters.

　　Schools that mainly recruit minority students can use the spoken and written languages commonly used by their own ethnic groups or local ethnic groups for teaching, and should offer Chinese language courses at appropriate grades according to the actual situation.

　　Eighth primary schools implement the principal responsibility system, and the principal is fully responsible for the school administration.

　　In rural areas, the principal responsibility system of central primary schools can be implemented according to the situation.

　　Ninth primary schools in accordance with the principle of "hierarchical management, division of responsibilities", the implementation of education under the leadership of the local people’s government.

Chapter II Admission and Student Status Management　

　　Tenth primary school enrollment has reached the age of ten.Children who are 6 years old can be postponed to 7 years old in areas where conditions are not available. Primary schools start in autumn.

　　Primary schools should, in accordance with the provisions of the Compulsory Education Law and its detailed rules for implementation, organize school-age children in service areas to enter the school on time and without examination under the leadership of the local government. The service area of primary schools shall be determined by the competent administrative department of education.

　　Eleventh primary schools adopt the class teaching system, and the organizational form of classes should be single, and those who do not have the conditions can also adopt double. The number of places in teaching classes shall not exceed45 people is appropriate.

　　The school scale should be conducive to education and teaching, to students’ physical and mental health, to management and to improving the efficiency of running a school.

　　Twelfth primary school students who are unable to continue their studies due to illness (must have the certificate of designated medical units) may be allowed to suspend their studies after being approved by the relevant departments. Students who have been out of school for more than three months can be enrolled in the corresponding grades according to their actual academic level and after consulting their parents or other guardians.

　　Primary schools that apply for transfer due to the change of household registration and are approved by the relevant education administrative departments to meet the requirements shall be properly placed in time and shall not refuse without reason.

　　Primary school students who apply for schooling in the place where they are not registered for any reason may be allowed to borrow if they meet the requirements after examination by the relevant departments, and may charge a borrowing fee according to the relevant provisions.

　　Thirteenth primary schools should comprehensively evaluate students from moral, intellectual and physical aspects. We should do a good job in counseling students with learning difficulties and actively create conditions to gradually abolish the repetition system. Where the repetition system is still implemented at this stage, it is necessary to create conditions to gradually reduce the proportion of students who repeat grades and reduce the number of times they repeat grades.

　　Primary schools will issue graduation certificates to those who have completed the prescribed courses and passed the grades; Those who fail will be issued with a certificate of completion, and the graduation grade will not be repeated. For those who have not completed the primary school curriculum, but have completed the compulsory education period stipulated by the local government, an associate degree certificate will be issued.

　　Fourteenth primary school students with excellent academic performance who have reached the academic level of higher grades in advance may be allowed to advance to the corresponding grades and report to the competent education department for the record.

　　Article 15 Primary schools shall commend students with excellent academic performance, criticize and educate students who have made mistakes, and give warnings, serious warnings and demerits to a few students who have made serious mistakes.

　　Primary schools may not expel students.

　　Sixteenth primary schools should prevent students who have not finished compulsory education for a specified number of years from dropping out of school. If they find that students have dropped out of school, they should immediately report to the competent authorities and cooperate with relevant departments to resume their studies according to law and do a good job.

　　Seventeenth specific measures for the management of primary school student status shall be formulated by the provincial education administrative department.

Chapter III Education and Teaching Work

　　Article 18 The main task of primary schools is education and teaching. All other work should be based on the principle of being conducive to the development of education and teaching.

　　Nineteenth primary schools should carry out education and teaching in accordance with the curriculum plan and syllabus issued by the national or provincial education administrative departments.

　　In the teaching work of primary schools, we should give full play to the overall functions of subject courses and activity courses, and provide students with moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic and labor education to lay the foundation for their all-round development.

　　Twentieth primary schools should actively carry out education and teaching research, use educational theory to guide education and teaching activities, and actively promote scientific research achievements and successful experiences.

　　Twenty-first primary schools should put moral education in an important position, the principal is responsible, the teaching staff participate, teach and educate people, manage and educate people.

　　School education should be combined with family education and social education.

　　Twenty-second primary schools should set up a class teacher in each class, who is responsible for managing and guiding the class work. Teachers in charge of class should keep close contact with teachers in all subjects and parents of students, understand the situation of students’ thoughts, morality, behavior and studies, and coordinate and cooperate with students in implementing education.

　　The head teacher should write comments according to the students’ behavior every semester.

　　Twenty-third primary schools should give priority to positive education for students, affirm achievements and progress, point out shortcomings and deficiencies, and must not be sarcastic and rude, and corporal punishment and disguised corporal punishment are strictly prohibited.

　　Twenty-fourth primary school teaching should be oriented to all students, adhere to the principle of aptitude, and give full play to the main role of students; We should attach importance to basic knowledge teaching and basic skills training, stimulate interest in learning, and cultivate correct learning methods and habits.

　　Twenty-fifth primary schools should arrange school work in accordance with the school calendar promulgated by the administrative department of education. Primary schools are not allowed to suspend classes at will. If it is necessary to suspend classes under special circumstances, it shall be decided by the principal within one day and reported to the county education administrative department for the record. One day or more and three days or less shall be approved by the people’s government at the county level.

　　Primary schools may not organize students to participate in commercial celebrations, performances and other activities, and participation in other social activities should not affect the teaching order and the normal work of schools.

　　Twenty-sixth primary schools should arrange their schedules reasonably. Students spend no more than five or six years in school for education and teaching activities every day.6 hours, other grades should be reduced appropriately. Students are not allowed to make up classes or take new classes after class, at night and on holidays.

　　The content of homework after class should be carefully selected, the difficulty should be moderate, the quantity should be appropriate, and the relevant regulations should be strictly implemented to ensure the students’ academic burden is appropriate.

　　Twenty-seventh textbooks used in primary schools must be approved by the state or the provincial textbook approval department authorized by the state. Experimental teaching materials and local teaching materials must be approved by the relevant education administrative departments before they can be used.

　　Primary schools shall not require or uniformly organize students to purchase all kinds of learning guidance materials. It is necessary to strengthen guidance for students to use learning tools.

　　Twenty-eighth primary schools should evaluate the teaching quality in various forms according to the requirements of curriculum plan and syllabus. At the end of the semester, the examination subjects are Chinese and mathematics, and other subjects pass the usual examination to evaluate their grades.

　　The primary school graduation examination is made by the school (in rural areas, it is made by the township central primary school under the guidance of the county-level education administrative department), and the examination subjects are Chinese and mathematics.

　　Schools should establish scientific standards for comprehensively evaluating the quality of education morally, intellectually and physically, and should not rank classes and students by examination results, and take them as the only standards for measuring teaching quality and evaluating teachers’ teaching work.

　　Twenty-ninth primary schools should pay attention to physical education and aesthetic education.

　　Schools should strictly implement the laws and regulations on school physical education promulgated by the state, and enhance students’ physique through physical education class and other forms of physical activities. Schools should ensure that students have one hour of physical activity every day.

　　Primary schools should give good music and art lessons, and other disciplines should also give play to the function of aesthetic education from the characteristics of their own disciplines. Aesthetic education should combine students’ daily life, put forward aesthetic requirements such as dress, appearance, language and behavior, and cultivate healthy aesthetic taste.

　　Thirtieth primary schools should strengthen labor education for students, cultivate students’ thoughts of loving labor, loving the working people and cherishing the fruits of labor, cultivate their ability to engage in self-service, housework, public welfare labor and simple productive labor, and form working habits.

　　Article 31 Primary schools should strengthen the guidance of students’ extracurricular activities, pay attention to contact with students’ families, children’s palaces (homes, stations) and youth science and technology museums (stations) and other extracurricular activities, carry out beneficial activities, and arrange students’ extracurricular activities in accordance with the relevant provisions of the education administrative department.

Chapter IV Personnel Work　

　　Thirty-second primary schools can set up principals, vice principals, directors, teachers and other personnel according to the establishment.

　　Article 33 The principal of a primary school is the person in charge of school administration. The headmaster should have the qualifications stipulated by the state and be appointed or employed by the higher authorities of the school setters or setters; The vice president and the director of teaching (general affairs) are nominated by the principal and appointed or employed according to the relevant provisions and procedures. Primary school principals set up by non-government should be reported to the competent education administrative department for the record.

　　Principals should strengthen the study of educational policies, regulations and educational theories, strengthen their self-cultivation, improve their management level and manage the school according to law. Its main responsibilities are:　

　　(a) to implement the national education policy, implement the education laws and regulations and the instructions and regulations of the education administrative department, follow the laws of education, and improve the quality of education;

　　(B) to formulate the development of the school

　　(three) follow the relevant laws and policies of the state, pay attention to the construction of teaching staff. Relying on teaching staff to run the school well and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests;

　　(4) Give full play to the leading role of school education, and strive to promote the coordination of school education, family education and social education, and cooperate with each other to form a good educational environment.

　　Thirty-fourth primary school principals should fully respect the democratic rights of teaching staff and listen to their opinions and suggestions on school work; Teaching staff should obey the leadership of the principal and conscientiously complete their own work.

　　Teachers’ opinions and suggestions on school work can be directly reflected to the competent authorities when necessary, and no organization or individual may obstruct them.

　　Thirty-fifth primary school teachers should have the qualifications prescribed by the state, enjoy and perform the rights and obligations prescribed by law, abide by professional ethics, and complete the education and teaching work.

　　Thirty-sixth primary schools should strengthen the management of teachers, implement the system of teacher qualification, position and appointment according to the relevant provisions of the state, and establish and improve the professional assessment files. It is necessary to strengthen teachers’ ideological and political education and professional ethics education, and establish professionalism. Excellent teachers who conscientiously perform their duties should be rewarded.

　　Thirty-seventh primary schools should attach importance to teachers’ continuing education, formulate teachers’ further education plans, and actively create conditions for teachers’ further education. Teachers’ further education should be based on the needs of school work, focusing on on-the-job, self-study and teaching subjects.

　　Thirty-eighth other primary school personnel should have the corresponding political and professional qualities, and their specific qualifications and responsibilities shall be formulated by the education administrative department or school according to the relevant provisions of the state.

Chapter V Administrative Work　

　　Thirty-ninth primary schools can set up institutions or personnel in charge of educational affairs, general affairs, etc. according to the scale, to assist the principals in doing the relevant work (grade groups can also be set up in larger schools), and their specific responsibilities shall be formulated by the schools.

　　Article 40 If a primary school is large in scale, a school affairs committee convened by the principal and attended by the heads of various departments may be established to study and decide on major issues of the school.

　　Forty-first primary schools should establish a staff (representative) assembly system, and strengthen democratic management and supervision. The general assembly can be held regularly, without a permanent body.

　　Article 42 the Communist Party of China (CPC) plays a political core role in the organization of primary schools. Principals should rely on the Party’s school (local) grass-roots organizations and give full play to the role of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, the Young Pioneers and other organizations in school work.

　　Forty-third primary schools should establish and improve educational research, business files, financial management, safety work, learning, meetings and other systems.

　　Schools should establish a roster of staff, students and other statistical tables, and report them to the education administrative department of the competent department on a regular basis.

　　Forty-fourth primary schools should accept the inspection, supervision and guidance of the administrative department of education or the competent department at a higher level, and truthfully report their work and reflect the situation.

　　At the end of the school year, the school should report to the education administrative department or the superior competent department, and major issues should be reported at any time.　

Chapter VI School Buildings, Equipment and Funds

　　Article 45 The conditions and funds for running a primary school shall be provided by the school sponsors. Its standards are formulated by the provincial people’s government.

　　Primary schools should have school buildings, venues, facilities, teaching instruments and books and materials that meet the prescribed standards.

　　Forty-sixth primary schools should comply with the relevant provisions of the management and use of school buildings, venues, etc., without the approval of the competent authorities, shall not change their use.

　　It is necessary to carry out regular repairs and maintenance of school buildings, and immediately stop using dangerous buildings when they are found, and report them to the higher authorities. For the act of encroaching on school buildings and sites, the school can report to the higher authorities of the infringer according to law until it brings a lawsuit to the people’s court.

　　Primary schools should do a good job in campus construction planning, purification and greening, beautify the campus, do a good job in campus culture construction, and form a good educational environment.

　　Forty-seventh primary schools should strengthen the management of teaching instruments, equipment, books, recreational and sports equipment and health facilities, establish and improve the system, and improve the efficiency of use.

　　Forty-eighth public primary schools are free of tuition fees, and can appropriately collect miscellaneous fees. Primary school fees should be strictly in accordance with the charging items formulated by the provincial people’s government and the standards and measures formulated by the people’s governments at or above the county level.

　　Forty-ninth primary schools can hold school-run industries according to relevant regulations, and organize teachers and students to work and study from the actual situation of the school. It is strictly forbidden to apportion money and materials to students instead of work-study programs.

　　Primary schools can accept social donations according to the relevant provisions of the state.

　　Article 50 Primary schools should scientifically manage and rationally use school funds, improve the efficiency of use, establish and improve the fund management system, and submit the budget and final accounts to the school affairs committee or the staff congress for deliberation, and accept the supervision of the financial and auditing departments at higher levels.　

Chapter VII Health Care and Safety

　　Fifty-first primary schools should conscientiously implement the relevant state regulations and policies on school health work, and establish and improve the school health work system. There should be a special person in charge of this work (schools with conditions should set up a school doctor’s office), and students’ health cards should be established to experience regularly or irregularly according to conditions.

　　Fifty-second primary school environment, school buildings, facilities, books, equipment, etc. should be conducive to the physical and mental health of students, and the arrangement of education and teaching activities should conform to the physiological and psychological characteristics of students.

　　It is necessary to continuously improve the school environmental sanitation and teaching hygiene conditions, carry out health education, cultivate students’ good hygiene habits, and prevent infectious diseases, common diseases and food poisoning.

　　Fifty-third primary schools should strengthen school safety work, carry out safety education according to local conditions, and cultivate teachers and students’ self-help and self-care ability. Where students are organized to participate in cultural and sports activities, social practice, outings and labor, proper preventive measures should be taken to ensure the safety of teachers and students.

Chapter VIII School, Family and Society　

　　Fifty-fourth primary schools should establish community education organizations with streets, villagers’ committees and nearby organs, organizations, troops, enterprises and institutions, mobilize all sectors of society to support school work, and optimize the educational environment. Primary schools should also give full play to their own advantages and serve the spiritual civilization construction of the community.

　　Fifty-fifth primary schools should take the initiative to establish contact with students’ families, and use parents’ schools and other forms to guide and help parents to create a good family education environment.

　　Parents’ committees can be set up in primary schools to make them understand the school work, help schools solve the difficulties encountered in running schools, and reflect the opinions and suggestions of parents of students.

　　The parents’ committee works under the guidance of the headmaster.

Chapter 9 Other things

　　Fifty-sixth rural central primary schools should play the role of school demonstration, teaching and research center and further education base under the guidance of the county education department, and promote the overall improvement of the quality of local primary education.

　　Fifty-seventh primary schools that undertake the task of education and teaching reform may, after being approved by the relevant departments, adjust some requirements in this regulation according to actual needs.

Chapter X Supplementary Provisions　

　　Article 58 A primary school shall, in accordance with the Education Law of the People’s Republic of China and these regulations, formulate its articles of association in light of its actual situation.

　　Fifty-ninth this regulation is mainly applicable to urban primary schools, rural primary schools and above, and other types of primary schools and institutions that implement primary education can refer to it.

　　The education administrative departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may formulate implementation measures according to this regulation.

　　Article 60 These Rules shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

　　

1905 movie network news The trailer of "Falling" version of the Youth Growth Film was released on December 23rd, centering on the falling of the film’s main character, Lanter, showing two completely different campus lives. The first half is the painful past of campus bullying, and the second half is a completely different life experience after meeting new friends in a new school. The film was written and directed by Rong Zhuo and starred by Wang Fang, Shu Yao, Xie Jia, Yan Jingyao and Chen Jialin.

The film tells the story of a group of young students who dare to love and hate in the Millennium. The fate between Lanter and Zhou Yang, which began with misunderstanding, makes each other an indelible color in life, and explains the love concept of millennials.

　

Pay attention to bullying on campus. High school girls are bullied.

As a youth growth film focusing on the Millennium, The Blue Pleated Skirt confronts the hot topic of campus bullying. In the trailer, the heroine, Lanter, was teased by classmates, with abusive notes in the book, attacked by classmates with basketball on the basketball court, and even stained Lanter’s clothes with chewing gum on the seat. All kinds of events have brought more gloom to Lanter, whose family is incomplete, and her face is more sad than a smile.

Lanteer (Rong Zhuo) divorced her parents and remarried her mother when she was a child, and then she was fostered in menstruation’s home. Her special experience made her withdrawn and shy. She was teased by her classmate Zhou Yang (Wang Fang) at school and dropped out of high school and transferred to an art school. In a brand-new environment, she made new friends. Zhou Yang, who had teased her before, regretted it and turned around to find Lanter’s new school. This ignorant emotion and sincere friendship with new friends have changed Lanter’s student days.

　

Start a new life, grow up young, warm winter

Youth is not always full of scars. Meeting the right person at the right time is not only about love, but also about friendship. This can be seen in the trailer. When Lanter came to the brand-new campus, she made friends with distinctive personalities such as Xiang Wenfei, and gave Wen Fei short hair. Whenever Lanter was in a bad mood, she would ride a bike to take her for fun, and even climb on the guardrail of the dormitory to overlook. The seemingly absurd behavior is a true portrayal of youth, and a group of characters take the audience back to their youth.

In addition to his close friends, the change in the relationship between Lanter and his sweetheart Zhou Yang is another bright sunshine in the film. In the trailer, Zhou Yang plays "The Little White Boat" on the harmonica. This well-known nursery rhyme has been sung all over the streets since it was translated into Chinese in the 1950s, and the slightly sad melody connects Lanter and Zhou Yang’s unhappy childhood. It is precisely because of the same experience that they have gained a better understanding of each other, and a sincere and pure love story began to be written.

　　How to enhance the ability of independent innovation

　　Innovation is the first driving force to lead development, and it must be placed at the core of the overall development of the country, and the innovation-driven development strategy must be implemented in depth. Start a number of new major national science and technology projects, build a number of high-level national science centers and technological innovation centers, and cultivate and expand a number of innovative leading enterprises with international competitiveness.

　　— — Excerpt from the government work report

　　Representative of Chen Jun, President of Nanjing University

　　Colleges and universities should do more original research.

　　As an important force of scientific and technological innovation in China, there are still some outstanding problems in research universities, such as more scientific papers and less original achievements; More funds are invested in research and development, and less scientific research results are converted into applications; There are many patents applied, but few can directly promote industrial transformation and upgrading. Therefore, it is necessary to fundamentally solve the "two skins" problem that has long plagued China’s scientific research and economic and social development, and implement innovation.

　　It is suggested that colleges and universities should transform into problem-oriented original research, actively study overall and fundamental major theoretical issues, grasp the key elements of improving scientific and technological competitiveness and the urgent needs of countries and enterprises, strengthen major technological research and development in key areas of the country, and solve fundamental and strategic scientific and technological problems that restrict China’s economic and social development. At the same time, improve the market-oriented mechanism of scientific and technological innovation, eliminate the barriers between scientific and technological innovation achievements and the market, and provide institutional guarantee for scientific and technological innovation achievements to go to the market and enterprises and transform them into productive forces.

　　(Reporter Jiang Jie)

　　Representative of Dilinar Abdulla, Vice Chairman of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles

　　Cultural Innovation Leads Ethnic Blending

　　Like other ethnic groups, Uighurs are a nation with rich and splendid culture, and are often described as "singing when talking, dancing when walking". As a cultural space for Uighurs to practice their traditions, "Maixi Refu" is a part of Uygur cultural traditions and folk customs. It provides rich traditional knowledge and a continuous sense of cultural identity for members of this nation, and is considered as one of the most important cultural heritages of this nation.

　　Innovation is the best way to maintain tradition. As a Uighur dance artist trained by the Party, I want to describe, narrate and spread the unique cultural charm of Xinjiang with my dancing, and give it new vitality with my innovative ability. The musical "The Chinese Dream on the Silk Road Forever Maixi Refu", which I am the general director and starring, is such a sincere work. It reflects the multi-cultural and harmonious coexistence of the Chinese nation, and tells a story about life, love life, endless and handed down from generation to generation with singing and dancing. The play went deep into dozens of Huimin performances at the grassroots level, and the venue was full. Promoting the exchanges and exchanges among ethnic groups in Xinjiang requires the guidance of advanced culture, which must be a cultural creation full of innovative spirit.

　　(Reporter Wang Wei)

　　Representative of Liao Changyong, Vice President of Shanghai Conservatory of Music

　　Cultural innovation should respect tradition

　　Pen and ink should keep pace with the times, and cultural undertakings should reflect the spiritual outlook of contemporary society. Nowadays, the whole society emphasizes transformation and upgrading, innovation and development, which is not only a concept in the economic or scientific fields, but also an innovation and upgrading for artists. However, artistic innovation is based on respect for tradition, and we can’t just talk about one without talking about the other. Only when the two interact can the works shine. Some people can’t handle the relationship between them well, so their works lack connotation or vitality.

　　Therefore, artistic innovation is beneficial innovation on the basis of tradition, not disorderly innovation. The literary and art circles should calm down and look back at the long history of Chinese civilization. Chinese people should have cultural self-confidence, integrate the soul of China’s art into their works and spread it to the outside world. At the same time, cultural innovation should create works that "the people can understand". This requires that creation should not pursue skill excessively. Of course, art is not all romantic, and balancing emotions and thoughts is also the direction that cultural innovation needs to work hard.

　　(Reporter Cao Lingjuan)

　　Member Wu Weihua, Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of Jiu San Society

　　Straighten out the growth chain of scientific and technological talents

　　At present, China’s scientific and technological innovation ability is not strong enough, and its supporting ability for economic and social development has not been fully released. One of the reasons is that the innovation motivation of scientific and technological talents is insufficient and their innovation ability needs to be improved. The total number of scientific and technological talents in China ranks first in the world, but there are few masters with international influence.

　　It is suggested that we should pay attention to the construction of talent team, change the present situation of "talent without team" and "fragmentation" of researchers in China’s scientific research field, and especially integrate relatively scattered scientific research forces in some key areas to form collaborative innovation synergy. Straighten out the talent growth chain, break the shackles of "discussing heroes by seniority", purify the academic atmosphere, and let young and middle-aged scientific and technological personnel get the resources and opportunities for growth. Open up the "last mile" of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, establish a platform for the docking of scientific and technological personnel, scientific research institutions and enterprises, and organize the two sides to meet the needs and coordinate innovation. Increase the R&D investment in basic research by the whole society, especially enterprises, and enhance China’s independent R&D capability.

　　(Reporter Chai Qiushi)

　　Representative of Bai Xiaoguang, Chairman of Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group

　　Optimize the allocation of innovative resources

　　It is an urgent requirement for the construction of national innovation system to deepen the scientific and technological interaction between "military mouth" and "civilian mouth" and build a new type of innovation chain. However, in China’s integration of defense and civilian technologies, only by taking measures as soon as possible to open up the technology diffusion channel of "military port" and "civilian port" can we realize the omni-directional, whole-process and all-factor optimal allocation of innovation resources.

　　It is suggested that integration of defense and civilian technologies legislation should be promoted to provide systematic legal protection for the in-depth development of integration of defense and civilian technologies. Improve the macro-management system in integration of defense and civilian technologies, establish the leading organization in integration of defense and civilian technologies at the national level, and coordinate the investment in science and technology to solve the problems of multi-head management, repeated investment and low efficiency of military and civilian investment in science and technology. Improve the incentive policies to promote integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development, including national investment policies and risk compensation policies, and set up integration of defense and civilian technologies Development Investment Fund to solve the driving force of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development.

　　(Reporter Zhang Tengyang)

　　Representative of Wei Guoqiang, Secretary of Suqian Municipal Committee of Jiangsu Province

　　Overtaking in corners depends on innovation.

　　Some economically backward areas simply rely on expanding investment and production capacity, and the traditional development model is unsustainable. It is necessary to speed up the shift to the innovation-driven track to achieve overtaking in corners.

　　To make enterprises become the "leaders" of innovation, we must vigorously promote independent innovation. The government should guide and encourage enterprises to implement the "four changes". "Technology replacement" guides enterprises to increase investment in R&D, optimize product structure and cost structure, and seize the commanding heights of science and technology; "Machine substitution" guides enterprises to vigorously develop intelligent manufacturing and strive to improve the quality product rate and enterprise production efficiency; "Network-for-market" guides enterprises to innovate marketing models and improve market adaptability by means of setting up online marketing through third-party platforms; "Policy for wisdom", further improve supporting policies, and guide affiliated enterprises and scientific research institutes to establish strategic alliances for industrial technology innovation, technology transfer centers and other carriers to realize enterprise transformation and upgrading.

　　(Reporter Yao Xueqing)

　　Representative of Lu Guiqing, Chief Economist of china state construction engineering corporation

　　Cultivating craftsman spirit depends on mechanism

　　It is clearly stated in the government work report that it is necessary to cultivate the craftsman spirit of Excellence. However, from the current domestic reality, there are still cases where management talents are emphasized and operation talents are ignored. We should establish a long-term mechanism to let the "craftsman spirit" take root.

　　Cultivating "artisan spirit" is not only a powerful starting point to promote supply-side reform, but also an important means to crack the ceiling of migrant workers’ integration into cities, career choices and income levels. However, the domestic understanding of the role of artisans and the spirit of artisans is not enough, and the long-term mechanism for cultivating the spirit of artisans needs to be established and improved. It is suggested that the relevant departments should establish a scientific and reasonable career development channel for craftsmen, improve the technical evaluation and assessment system, emphasize the practicability and effectiveness of the evaluation of technical ability, improve the salary and welfare level of highly skilled talents, improve the living and living environment of migrant workers, ensure a good career development environment and living and living environment for "craftsmen" from the mechanism, and continuously improve the quality of life of "craftsmen".

　　(Reporter Yan Wei)

　　Member Li Huisen, Chairman of Lee Kum Kee Health Products Group

　　Cultivate entrepreneurs’ innovative spirit

　　The transformation and development of the country needs innovation, and entrepreneurs at the helm of enterprises need innovation spirit even more. At present, many private enterprises in China have entered the stage of intergenerational inheritance, and how the innovative spirit of the younger generation is related to the future and development of private enterprises. However, the survey found that although the younger generation of most family businesses in China are very familiar with new knowledge and technology, their innovative spirit is relatively weak, and they are prone to hold their own ideas.

　　It is suggested that we should attach great importance to how to cultivate and stimulate entrepreneurs’ innovative spirit and ability, and encourage entrepreneurs’ innovation through tax and financial support. At the same time, it is necessary to cultivate entrepreneurs’ innovative spirit and ability, carry out innovative training and practical exercise in a targeted manner, and guide them to maintain their innovative and enterprising entrepreneurial character, so that they can not only get rich and think about their sources, but also consciously fulfill their social responsibilities, and keep on exploring and developing.

　　(Reporter Su Chao)

　　How to break down institutional obstacles

　　Expand the autonomy of universities and research institutes and cut down red tape in scientific research management. We will implement policies and measures to support the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, improve the preferential tax policies and dividend incentives for equity options, and encourage scientific researchers to innovate.

　　— — Excerpt from the government work report

　　Member Gu Xingfa, Deputy Director of Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences

　　Scientific research evaluation should be quick success and instant benefit.

　　At present, the unscientific scientific research evaluation system has become a key link to hinder the improvement of China’s innovation ability, which is mainly manifested in the evaluation of quick success and instant benefit based on the number of published papers or the output of project achievements; The classification of scientific research fields and stages is general, ignoring the diversity of scientific research.

　　It is suggested to change the assessment method of "light weight" and "emphasizing form over substance", to overcome the problems of "small, scattered, miscellaneous and low-level repetition", to pay attention to the influence and practical value of scientific research results and to basic scientific research. At the same time, the evaluation system should pay attention to discovering the "potential" of young people, set up diversified standards for promotion and allowances, and create a relatively relaxed atmosphere for innovation. In addition, scientific research evaluation should adhere to the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, and formulate an appropriate classification evaluation standard system according to the nature and field of scientific research. Among them, scientific innovation should build evaluation criteria on the basis of encouraging exploration and tolerating failure.

　　(Reporter Guo Mulong)

　　Representative He Ping, Secretary of Chongqing Wulong County Party Committee

　　Prepare for the era of mass tourism

　　The government work report puts forward "standardizing the order of the tourism market and welcoming the emerging era of mass tourism". Strengthening the basic role of consumption to stimulate economic growth through developing tourism is a development opportunity in many places. What should local governments do in the face of such opportunities?

　　First of all, we must change our concept. The current tourism industry is no longer a traditional scenic spot tourism model. The new tourism model, which focuses on individual travel and self-help travel, requires us to develop into global tourism. Since it is a global tourism, it is necessary to optimize the allocation of various economic and social resources in the whole region, including the overall planning of urban and rural areas, infrastructure, public services, etc., and have a brand-new pattern. For example, water conservancy construction should not only be practical but also meet aesthetic needs, and the roads should not only be smooth but also be deeply integrated with scenic spots. The most important point is that the order of the tourism market must be standardized. In the era of mass tourism, tourism shows a trend of normalization of consumption. At the grassroots level, comprehensive law enforcement must be highlighted to combat market chaos, provide all-round and humanized services for tourists, and strive to improve tourists’ satisfaction.

　　(Reporter Jiang Yunlong)

　　Representative of Bie Bixiong, Secretary of Jingmen Municipal Committee of Hubei Province

　　Let talents attract and stay.

　　Innovation-driven is essentially talent-driven. Without the gathering of a large number of researchers and the construction of innovative talent teams in a region, innovation-driven can only be nonsense. However, talents are scarce, especially in third-and fourth-tier cities with few institutions of higher learning and low level of economic development. Talents cannot be attracted, used badly and retained, so the stamina for innovation is insufficient.

　　In order to attract innovative talents, third-and fourth-tier cities should learn to "borrow talents" from important educational cities, and encourage and attract talents with return of interests and spirit. In the name of the government, we can sign a cooperation agreement with foreign universities, hire scientific and technological elites and government scientific and technological consultants to participate in local scientific and technological upgrading, so that local enterprises can establish a long-term cooperative relationship with universities in Industry-University-Research, and leverage the "outside brain" to promote transformation. In addition, talent introduction should be based on local advantageous industries and compete with big cities in a differentiated way. With talents, it is necessary to introduce assistance policies that are superior to those in big cities, so that talents can stay. For example, Jingmen issued a series of policies such as opinions on promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, set up an innovation and entrepreneurship service bureau, and set up an innovation and entrepreneurship guidance fund, which played a good role.

　　(Reporter Cheng Yuanzhou)

　　Member He Qiang, School of Finance, Central University of Finance and Economics

　　Scientifically supervise internet finance

　　In recent years, there have been constant innovations in the field of internet finance. However, there are also many problems in internet finance, such as inadequate government supervision and illegal fund-raising by some people. For example, the recent running events not only brought serious losses to the vast number of Internet finance users, but also brought serious negative impacts to the development of Internet finance.

　　It is suggested that on the one hand, the government should strengthen supervision over the risks in the field of internet finance, and focus on cracking down on those behaviors that use the cloak of internet finance to engage in Ponzi schemes and illegal fund-raising. At the same time, we should properly supervise the Internet finance field that really promotes inclusive finance and contributes to innovation and entrepreneurship, and give certain flexibility and innovation space to specific businesses to prevent the phenomenon of "chaos once released, and death once managed". To strengthen the construction of Internet financial credit system, it is suggested that the government should open government data to market-oriented credit reporting institutions such as Sesame Credit to form a joint force of Internet financial credit system and supervision system.

　　(Reporter Ouyang Jie)

　　Representative of Yang Xuegang, Chairman of Xuyang Group

　　Don’t let scientific research achievements become "Chen Guo"

　　At present, the utilization efficiency of China’s scientific and technological achievements is low, and a large number of scientific research achievements have become "Chen Guo", which cannot be transformed into applied technology and practical productivity in time.

　　In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to improve China’s Industry-University-Research integration mechanism, so as to organically link scientific and technological innovation with market demand. Before scientific research and development and new product development, we should do a good job in market research and make the products more targeted from the practical application. We can introduce end users at the beginning of R&D, take enterprise demand as the source of innovative projects, and adopt the project legal person mechanism to operate R&D projects, so as to integrate R&D, production and management. In terms of capital, it is necessary to increase the investment in business and application of R&D achievements, guide social capital investment, and promote the diversification of capital investment in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. In addition, we should attach importance to the construction of talent team, cultivate a group of comprehensive talents who are proficient in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and make scientific and technological innovation play the greatest role.

　　(Reporter Shi Ziqiang)

　　Representative Xin Yan, Vice Chairman of Shanxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese Revolutionary Committee

　　Scientific and technological innovation lacks financial support.

　　The core factor of innovation-driven development is talent, and the key factor is capital. At present, the systematic policies to encourage talents to innovate and start businesses have been relatively perfect, while the policies and systems related to scientific and technological innovation in technology and finance are not yet complete. This has become a restrictive factor in the development of innovation and entrepreneurship in many areas, especially in underdeveloped areas such as the central and western regions and areas below third-and fourth-tier cities.

　　It is suggested to increase the reform of the management mechanism of state-owned banks in various countries, innovate financial products, and support innovation and entrepreneurship and industrial transformation and upgrading. Improve and introduce a systematic technology and finance policy system to promote and guide the construction of the national technology and finance system. Strengthen the layout of the construction of scientific and technological innovation financial system at the national level, give preferential policies and innovation and entrepreneurship guidance funds to underdeveloped areas such as the central and western regions, and ensure that in the tide of innovation and development, the central and western regions and underdeveloped areas will no longer fall behind.

　　(Reporter Zhao Bing)

　　Representative of Yang Yimin, Mayor of Fuzhou, Fujian

　　New mechanism stimulates new vitality

　　The government work report puts forward "strengthening the leading role of innovation and injecting strong impetus into development". For four consecutive years, the current government has made clear requirements for innovation in its government work report, which reflects the core position of innovation in the overall development of the country. However, we must also see that the soil for innovation in China is still not solid, many enterprises have not invested enough in innovation, and China’s original technology is still lacking, all of which restrict the further release of China’s transformation and upgrading potential.

　　It is suggested that technological innovation, product innovation, management innovation and business model innovation should be fully implemented to achieve higher quality economic growth; At the same time, we should continue to speed up the creation of a number of innovation bases and maker spaces, create a platform for mass creation, crowdsourcing, public support and crowdfunding, and build a new entrepreneurial innovation mechanism in which large, medium and small enterprises, universities, scientific research institutions and makers work together to further stimulate the innovation vitality of the whole society.

　　(Reporter Zhong Ziwei)

　　Member Ma Weihua, Chairman of the National Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Guidance Fund.

　　Make good use of government guidance funds

　　Government guidance fund is an important policy tool to increase the supply of venture capital and promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation. At present, the government-guided funds at all levels have achieved a spurt growth, but the problems have also become prominent. Such as the lack of continuity of funding sources, lack of overall planning and coordination of management, cumbersome approval procedures, and many investment restrictions.

　　It is suggested to strengthen the top-level design of government guidance funds, support the exploration of various operation modes of guidance funds, and adjust and clarify the functional areas of different government guidance funds in a timely manner in combination with the key areas and weak links in the national and local industrial layout; Overcome the current situation that the government guidance funds are scattered and the support objects overlap, promote the establishment of a multi-sectoral work coordination mechanism, especially give play to the role of the government guidance funds at the central level; Establish and improve the market-oriented operation mechanism of government-guided funds, simplify the examination and approval process and improve the examination and approval efficiency; Realize the marketization of the evaluation and incentive mechanism of the government-guided fund, and incorporate the government-guided fund into the evaluation and evaluation system of public finance. For the enterprises invested by the sub-funds established with shares listed, the state-owned shares held by the government-guided fund in proportion can be exempted from the obligation of transferring state-owned shares.

　　(Reporter Ouyang Jie)

　　Representative of Khalidan Abdul Kader of Xinjiang Oilfield Heavy Oil Development Company

　　Leading energy development with innovation

　　In recent two years, due to the comprehensive influence of the falling international oil price and the imbalance of domestic oil resources development and supply, the input cost of oil resources development in China, especially in Xinjiang, has gradually increased, and the output and sales profit have become lower and lower.

　　Innovation is inseparable from talent training. Front-line workers working in oil fields have rich practical experience and deep feelings about production and sales, and should be tapped and cultivated as the endogenous power source of enterprises. On the one hand, it is necessary to sum up the practical experience of grassroots business backbones and actively publicize innovative practices; On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the business exchange of innovative talents among energy enterprises in various provinces and cities in China, so that innovation will become the guiding concept of the energy industry during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period.

　　(Reporter Yang Yuanfan)

　　How to form new kinetic energy for development

　　Focus on implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, promote the deep integration of science and technology and economy, and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy … … Strengthening the main position of enterprise innovation … … Give full play to the multiplier effect of mass entrepreneurship, innovation and "internet plus".

　　— — Excerpt from the government work report

　　Member Xia Deren, Chairman of Liaoning Provincial Political Consultative Conference

　　Deep integration of industry and finance

　　At present, the problem of insufficient innovation ability and declining competitiveness of industrial enterprises has emerged in China. One of the important reasons lies in the lack of industrial capital. The two-line management of industrial departments and financial departments also makes it difficult for some enterprises to raise funds, which restricts their innovation and development.

　　In order to release the innovation ability of enterprises, it is suggested to implement financial policies conducive to the development of the real economy and promote the integration of industrial capital and financial capital. The state can integrate a number of strategic entity enterprises and financial enterprises through mutual shareholding, such as encouraging some equipment manufacturing enterprises to hold shares in some financial enterprises. At the same time, the secondary distribution of the current high income of financial institutions can allow financial institutions to take out part of their profits to discount the loans of equipment manufacturing enterprises.

　　(Reporter Zhang Tengyang)

　　Representative of Wang Anpang, Secretary of Shanxi Shuozhou Municipal Party Committee

　　Innovation changes the dominance of one coal.

　　Shuozhou’s industrial structure of "one coal dominates the whole city" has solidified the economic form to a certain extent and has become the main shortcoming that restricts the city’s economic development. Mainly manifested in the lack of diversified support for economic development, insufficient vitality for innovation and entrepreneurship, and more debts for social undertakings. Leading and driving development through innovation has become an urgent requirement for this resource-based city to get out of the predicament.

　　Guided by the concept of innovation, we must put innovation at the core of the overall development, constantly promote the innovation of ideas, mechanisms and methods, and stimulate the innovation and creative potential of the whole society. Accelerate scientific and technological innovation, and promote new formats with scientific and technological innovation; Promote industrial innovation and form a development pattern of "new technologies and new products are constantly emerging, and new formats and new industries are competing for generate"; Accelerate enterprise innovation, improve policies, mechanisms and measures to stimulate enterprise creativity; Accelerate opening-up and innovation, promote product production capacity to go out, and take the initiative to undertake industrial transfer.

　　(Reporter Liu Xinyu)

　　Member Zhu Gongshan, Chairman of GCL Group

　　Green energy should enjoy the green channel.

　　Under the background of China’s economic transformation and upgrading, renewable energy, which should be given priority to development, has been "backward" or even "sidelined" in some places. There are two reasons for this phenomenon: one is that there are no specific methods to operate, and the other is the lack of effective punishment measures.

　　It is suggested that the state should establish two mechanisms of "green electricity certificate" and "green electricity price" on the basis of strengthening the full guarantee acquisition of renewable energy. At the same time, the state should make it clear that the power grid should bear the main responsibility of fully guaranteeing the acquisition of renewable energy, and take on the responsibilities of giving priority to scheduling renewable energy, counting and sharing the abandoned power generation of renewable energy, fully tapping the peak shaving potential of the system, and strengthening the construction of transmission channels. In addition, the state can allow and encourage users who are willing to pay more for clean electricity to choose to buy renewable energy electricity voluntarily, and through the formulation of corresponding systems, ensure that the extra fees paid by users are really used for the development of renewable energy.

　　(Reporter Hao Yingcan)

　　Representative of Lv Huigan, Assistant Engineer of Jingyuan Coal and Electricity Company in Gansu Province

　　Innovation drives coal enterprises to upgrade.

　　Based on the analysis of the occurrence characteristics of energy resources and the development situation of new energy and renewable energy in China, it is difficult to change the status of coal as the main energy source in China for a long time to come. However, the problems of extensive coal growth mode, insufficient safety guarantee ability, low efficiency and serious pollution are becoming more and more prominent. Promoting the structural reform of coal supply side, promoting the clean and efficient development and utilization of coal, and promoting the transformation and upgrading of coal production are the inevitable choices to improve the scientific level of coal industry development, build ecological civilization and safeguard national energy security.

　　It is suggested to formulate relevant fiscal and taxation preferential policies, encourage enterprises to eliminate backward, high-energy-consuming and high-pollution production processes, intensify key technical research and achievements transformation in clean and efficient development and utilization of coal, popularize and apply new technologies, new processes and new products, effectively control pollutant emissions and improve coal development and utilization.

　　(Reporter Cao Shulin Ma Jian)

　　Representative Chen Wei, Director of Institute of Bioengineering, Academy of Military Medical Sciences

　　Cosmetic safety evaluation should be upgraded.

　　Because animal tests are still being used for safety evaluation, Chinese cosmetics are cold in the international market. We should accelerate the research on animal substitution of cosmetics in China. With the establishment of a unified chemical management system in Europe and America, and the collection of complete raw material data, the method based on safety risk assessment is gradually established. China is the second largest cosmetics market in the world after the United States. However, due to the lack of technical support, safety evaluation based on animal tests is still common, which is contrary to the consensus of the international community.

　　It is suggested that the construction of technical support institutions for cosmetics should be accelerated, and special institutions should be set up to promote the research and verification system of alternative toxicology methods for cosmetics. At the same time, the research and application of animal substitution test methods for cosmetics are included in the national key scientific and technological projects. Organize and solve the problems of accessibility of test materials in China, and promote the application of alternative test methods in cosmetic safety evaluation.

　　(Reporter Ni Guanghui)

　　Member Cheng Ping, Vice Chairman of Guangdong Provincial Committee of Chinese Revolutionary Committee

　　Scientific and technological innovation helps agricultural development

　　At present, there are still some problems in the innovation and development of agricultural science and technology in China, and there is still a big gap between the major basic agricultural theories, frontier core technologies and the application and popularization of agricultural high technology and the world advanced level. Lack of effective integration of agricultural scientific research resources; The dominant position of enterprises in agricultural science and technology innovation has not yet been formed.

　　It is suggested that the construction of modern agricultural industry science and technology innovation center should be accelerated, and agriculture-related high-tech innovation bases should be established in places where innovative resources are concentrated, so as to make major breakthroughs in biological breeding, agricultural machinery and equipment, intelligent agriculture and other fields. Formulate preferential policies to promote the development of agricultural high-tech industrialization, including increasing policy financial support and encouraging the exploration and development of experiments on the use of rural construction land for agricultural high-tech projects.

　　(Reporter Jon Chu)

Cctv newsToday (August 16th), the Ministry of Education held a press conference in Anyang, Henan Province to introduce the inheritance and development of Chinese excellent language and culture. Tian Lixin, director of the Department of Linguistic Information Management of the Ministry of Education, introduced at the meeting that the Ministry of Education and the State Language Committee started the China Language Resources Protection Project in 2015, and recorded and preserved the Chinese language resources in a multi-modal, holographic and standardized way, so that the Chinese language that has spanned thousands of years will last forever. The first phase of the project has completed the investigation and protection of more than 1,700 investigation points in all provinces of China, covering more than 120 domestic languages and dialects, and built the largest language resource database in the world.

Tian Lixin introduced that eight departments, including the Ministry of Education and the State Language Commission, initiated the development project of ancient Chinese characters and Chinese civilization, and comprehensively and systematically carried out research on ancient Chinese characters such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, bamboo slips and silks, innovating and transforming achievements, and serving the needs of the times. Up to now, the project has integrated the national advantages to build a collaborative innovation platform, and deeply explored the historical ideas and cultural values of ancient Chinese characters. The first batch of 17 universities and cultural and cultural institutions were selected, more than 420 experts and scholars participated in the project construction, deployed nearly 200 key research projects, and produced a series of important achievements.

Promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent language and culture, focus on digital empowerment, launch the national language resource service platform, and create more than 20 digital language services such as Chinese character information service and intelligent conversion system for simplified and complicated Chinese characters.

Up to now, the dissemination project of Chinese ideological and cultural terms has sorted out more than 1,100 ideological and cultural terms that reflect the core and essence of the Chinese nation’s discourse system, published more than 170 series of books such as Chinese Ideological and Cultural Terms, and formed a three-dimensional product system of "book+database". International copyright cooperation in 38 languages was carried out with 36 countries and regions along the "Belt and Road", and the engineering achievements were collected by more than 150 well-known libraries around the world.

Tian Lixin said that the soul of the country is transformed by literature and cast by literature. Language and writing are important cultural resources, economic resources, security resources and strategic resources of the country, which are related to the improvement of national quality and the all-round development of people, the inheritance of historical culture and economic and social development, the unity of the country and national unity, the important support of the country’s comprehensive strength and the important position and role in the overall work of the party and the country.

　　CCTV News:Following the earthquake with a magnitude of 6.4 on the 4th, a strong earthquake with a magnitude of 7.1 occurred in southern California on the evening of 5th local time. At present, some areas affected by the earthquake have declared a state of emergency.

　　According to CNN, citing experts from the US Geological Survey, there have been "thousands of earthquakes of different levels" in southern California since the earthquake with a magnitude of 6.4 on the 4th. To put it mildly, it is almost "one earthquake every minute or even every half minute".

　　The latest forecast of the US Geological Survey also shows that in the coming week, the probability of an earthquake of magnitude 6 or above in southern California is 27%, and the aftershock of magnitude 5 or above is more likely — — The probability is as high as 96%.

　　Seismologists say that under normal circumstances, after a strong earthquake, the magnitude of aftershocks will gradually decrease, and the situation that the magnitude of aftershocks on the 5 th in southern California is higher than that of the first earthquake on the 4 th "has a probability of only 5%".

　　The magnitude of these two strong earthquakes reached 6.4 and 7.1 respectively, which caused some roads to crack, power supply to be interrupted, water pipes to burst and houses to be displaced in the epicenter area, but no casualties were caused. Why did such a strong earthquake not cause too much damage?

　　According to American seismologists, the earthquakes from 4th to 5th were "considerable in energy". The intensity of the two earthquakes reached 8 and 9 respectively, and more than 1,400 small-scale earthquakes occurred during the two earthquakes.

　　Fortunately, the epicentre locations of these two earthquakes are basically the same, both of which are located in deserted mountainous areas, far away from densely populated residential areas, and the nearest major town is Lester, Riziq, about 20 kilometers away from the epicentre.

　　According to the live video and oral experience of local residents in Leicester, Riziq, when the earthquake struck, the shaking amplitude was not particularly large, which lasted for about 30 seconds to 40 seconds. Most of the supermarket shelves did not collapse, but the goods on the shelves were scattered all over the floor. After the 5 th earthquake, the local fire department also confirmed that no houses collapsed after inspection. The most serious building loss was only cracks in the wall.

　

　　In contract dispute cases, the validity of contractual relationship is not only the focus of disputes between the parties, but also the difficulty for judges to judge the entity of the case. The author combines the trial practice and the theory of contract law to further discuss the related issues.

　　I. Factors that do not affect the effectiveness of the contract

　　Article 52 of the General Principles of the Contract Law stipulates the statutory circumstances that constitute the invalidity of a contract, and a contract is invalid when it has any of the prescribed circumstances. However, the following circumstances cannot be used as a reason for determining that the contract is invalid:

　　1. The terms of the contract are incomplete. Regarding the conditions for the establishment of a contract, the contract law does not stipulate. In practice, the provisions of Article 9 of the Economic Contract Law (the parties agree on the main terms of the contract, and the economic contract is established) are generally used as a reference. Whether the main terms of a contract (referring to the terms that must be met according to the nature of the contract and the agreement of the parties) are available only involves whether the contract is established, and whether the contract is established only involves the interests of the parties to the contract, not the national and social public interests, so the contract cannot be deemed invalid because the main terms of the contract are not available. According to the relevant provisions of the contract law, the contract that does not have the main terms can be filled by the rules of contract interpretation, and the contract terms can be supplemented to make it effective.

　　2. Form of contract. The form of the contract is only the carrier of the contract content and the evidence of the existence of the contract, which does not affect the validity of the contract and cannot be used as the basis for judging the validity of the contract. If the written form is required by laws and administrative regulations, if the parties fail to use the written form, the contract is also established if there is other evidence to prove the existence of the contract. The legal norms set by the law for the form of contract are advocacy norms, which are only the norms of the parties’ behavior, not the norms of judges’ judgment. Whether the parties take the written form will only concern the private interests of the parties to the contract, and there is no need for the state to intervene. Violation of the advocacy provisions will not lead to the invalidity of the contract. The requirement of written form made by laws and administrative regulations for a specific contractual relationship is neither an important requirement for the establishment of a contract nor an important requirement for the entry into force of a contract. It mainly has the functions of evidence and urging the parties to trade cautiously. Mandatory standard clauses in the contract law are set for the interests of the state, the public and the unspecified third party, and cannot be changed by the parties. Violation of this contract is of course invalid, and judges can directly apply it.

　　3, beyond the scope of business. In China, mandatory norms for market access are set for specific industries, such as mining license and network culture business license. Regarding the relationship between the mandatory norms for market access for specific industries and the effectiveness of contracts, according to the provisions of Article 10 of the Judicial Interpretation of Contract Law (I), the effectiveness of contracts is generally not affected, but contracts that seriously exceed the business scope in violation of state restrictions, franchising and laws and administrative regulations (such as drugs and guns) are invalid. In my opinion, contracts that violate restricted operation and franchise can’t all be deemed invalid, so it is necessary to distinguish different situations.

　　4, in violation of local regulations and the State Council departmental rules. Encouraging transactions is an important spirit of contract legislation. After the implementation of the contract law, the validity of the contract can only be confirmed according to the laws formulated by the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee and the administrative regulations formulated by the State Council. In the trial of contract disputes, except for the prohibitive provisions stipulated by laws and administrative regulations, the contract cannot be confirmed invalid according to the rules and local regulations promulgated by the relevant competent departments of the State Council. Mandatory provisions (such as foreign exchange and foreign trade management) in administrative rules and regulations related to the national economy and people’s livelihood and the vital interests of the country promulgated by the relevant competent authorities in the State Council, which have been interpreted by the judiciary before they are upgraded to laws and administrative regulations, shall be applied in accordance with the provisions of judicial interpretation, and the contract that violates the above provisions shall be confirmed to be invalid; If there is no judicial interpretation, the contract may be confirmed to be invalid on the grounds of harming public interests according to the provisions of Item (4) of Article 52 of the Contract Law. It can be seen that the position of regulations in the confirmation of contract validity is not absolutely denied, but there is still room for application considering its particularity.

　　II. Establishment, Effectiveness and Validity of the Contract

　　1. Establishment, validity and effectiveness of the contract. When a contract comes into effect, the parties must first reach an agreement on the main terms of the contract (the contract is established). Secondly, the contents of the contract do not violate the provisions of Article 52 of the Contract Law (the contract is valid), and the attached conditions and deadlines are achieved (the contract comes into effect). The entry into force of a contract is based on the establishment of the contract, and there are also differences in principle between the two: first, the constituent elements are different, the sign of the establishment of a contract is that the parties agree on their intentions, and some contracts need approval or agreed conditions for entry into force; Second, the legal effect is different, the contract is not legally binding, and the effective contract is legally binding on the parties. There is also a difference between the validity of a contract and the validity of the contract. The validity of the contract corresponds to the ineffectiveness of the contract, and the validity of the contract corresponds to the invalidity of the contract. The ineffectiveness of the contract does not mean that the contract is invalid, and the ineffective contract can be valid; The validity of the contract does not mean that the contract comes into effect, and the valid contract may not come into effect with conditions. Effective and effective focus is different: whether effective or not focuses on the characterization of the contract, which is to evaluate the legal nature of the contract in a certain state; Whether the contract comes into effect or not focuses on the time when the contract comes into effect, that is, the time when the rights and obligations stipulated in the contract become binding on the contracting parties. In the trial practice, we should pay attention to distinguish between invalid contract, invalid contract and ineffective contract, because this directly affects the determination of the nature of civil behavior and the determination of substantive responsibility. A contract that is not effective or established cannot be equated with invalidity, because the legal consequences are different.In fact, some contracts that are not effective are effective. For some contracts that are not established, the parties can make them effective through consultation and achieve the purpose of trading.

　　2. The influence of approval and registration on the validity of the contract. Judicial Interpretation of Contract Law (1) The provisions of Article 9 actually distinguish the approval and registration stipulated in Article 44 of the Contract Law. If laws and administrative regulations stipulate that a contract shall come into effect after it has been approved and registered, and the parties concerned have not completed the approval and registration before the end of the debate in the court of first instance, the court shall consider the contract not to come into effect, but to be invalid. At this time, it should be noted that although the contract did not come into effect due to the failure to go through the approval or registration procedures, the provisions such as the liability for breach of contract and the way to resolve disputes should be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of the contract law, that is, they should be considered effective. If laws and administrative regulations stipulate that a contract should be approved and registered, but it does not come into effect after approval and registration, the failure of the parties to approve and register will not affect the effectiveness of the contract, and the contract will still come into effect, but the ownership of the subject matter of the contract cannot be transferred. At this point, the parties can request the other party to perform the obligation of transferring ownership or property right according to the contract.

　　Third, the identification of mandatory clauses in contract law

　　Mandatory provisions include management norms and effectiveness norms. Administrative norms refer to norms that are not clearly stipulated by laws and administrative regulations, and violation of such norms will lead to the invalidity of the contract. Such norms aim to manage and punish violations, but they do not deny the effectiveness of such acts in civil and commercial law. Validity norms refer to the norms that laws and administrative regulations clearly stipulate that the violation of such regulations will lead to the invalidity of the contract, or that the violation will lead to the invalidity of the contract, but if the contract continues to be effective, it will harm the national interests and social public interests. Such norms are not only aimed at punishing violations, but also at denying their effectiveness in civil and commercial law. Mandatory norms usually use words and wording such as "must, should, shall not, and prohibit", but some of the above-mentioned words and clauses contained in the norms are advocacy norms and some are industrial administrative norms. If only the provisions contain the above-mentioned words and wording indiscriminately, they will be considered as mandatory provisions, which obviously does not conform to the legislative intent of the contract. It is necessary to identify mandatory clauses by combining the following factors:

　　1. To judge whether a certain legal provision is mandatory, we should consider the legislative purpose of the law, the degree of damage to the interests of the state, the collective, the third party and the public interest in violation of the provision. Mandatory provisions in contract law generally involve major social interests and public morality, or are related to important macro-control measures of the state, the basic order of market economy, and the basic rights of market economic subjects.

　　2. The mandatory provisions in the contract law generally involve the prohibition of the trading behavior of both parties, rather than the administrative management norms that prohibit the behavior of one party in the industry for the sake of industry management. Administrative norms maintain a specific management order and do not directly involve public interests; Administrative norms, the law does not prohibit such transactions, but prohibits an element of the transaction. For example, Article 39 of the Commercial Bank Law stipulates that commercial banks shall not extend loans beyond a certain deposit ratio; Article 40 stipulates that commercial banks shall not issue loans to related parties. Among them, the "no" is the nature of industry management, which shows that the People’s Bank of China has strengthened its prudent supervision over the loan business of commercial banks more effectively. Because the commercial bank law is the organization and management law of commercial banks, it restricts the behavior of commercial banks, but cannot directly restrict the customers of commercial banks. Commercial banks that violate this provision shall be subject to administrative punishment, but the validity of the contract shall not be affected.

　　3. The mandatory provisions of the contract law generally have corresponding sanctions for both parties. Sometimes the content of sanctions against both parties may not be stipulated in the same article or even the same law. Because mandatory prohibitive norms prohibit anyone from engaging in this behavior at any time, anywhere and in any form, unlike administrative norms that only restrict one party or a certain element of the transaction, there are sanctions for both parties to the transaction. If only one party is sanctioned or punished, it may be an administrative provision.

　　Four, the application of mandatory provisions to determine the effectiveness of the contract should be paid attention to.

　　First, the contract can only be deemed invalid if the rights and obligations stipulated in the contract itself violate the mandatory provisions. If the parties perform the contract in violation of the mandatory provisions, the contract cannot be deemed invalid. If the transaction itself does not violate the prohibitive norms, only the performance violates the prohibitive norms, then the contract shall be valid. We must pay attention to the fact that the performance of the contract will not lead to the invalidity of the contract, and we must distinguish between the contract behavior and the performance behavior. For example, the two sides signed a contract to buy and sell crude oil, and delivered it by smuggling oil. This performance definitely violated the prohibitive provisions of the law, and the performance was invalid, but the contract should be valid. Second, the effectiveness of the contract cannot be judged by whether the effect of contract performance is realized. Third, for a contract whose rights and obligations are separable, only the clauses that violate the mandatory provisions are invalid, and the whole contract cannot be invalidated, which will hinder the transaction. For example, according to the provisions of the contract law, the exemption clause that industrial injury is not responsible in the standard contract is invalid, and other contents are still valid.

　　(Author: Anhui Higher People’s Court)

　　Overseas networkAugust 23 rdOn August 1st, two French hip-hop singers, Booba and Kaaris, fought at an airport in Paris and were detained by the police. Although they are temporarily detained in prison, netizens are surprised to find that they are still active on social networks, which makes people question how they play with their mobile phones in prison. In fact, it is nothing new for French prisoners to secretly hold mobile phones in prisons.

　　According to the French newspaper le figaro, on August 1st, Booba and Kaaris, two French hip-hop singers, and their entourage fought in orly airport, causing flight delays and scaring other tourists, and two of them were slightly injured in the group fight. Finally, the two singers and their entourage were detained by the police. The airport filed a complaint against them on the 2nd. Booba is currently being held in a prison in Essonne province, while Kaaris is being held in Fresnes prison in 94 province.

　　However, Booba, who was in prison, posted a tweet on the 21st, saying that he wanted to be a "beating bodyguard" like Benara. (Source: Twitter)

　　Another rapper, a cellmate of Kaaris, exposed a photo with Kaaris on Twitter, and arrogantly typed the coordinates of "Frena Prison" in the label, and then his mobile phone was found in the cell by the prison guards.

　　It is not uncommon for prisoners to hold mobile phones in prisons in France, but mobile phones that should have been banned are widely used by prisoners in prisons.

　　In 2017, more than 40,000 mobile phones, chargers and other related accessories were found in prisons across France, which was four times that of 2010. On the one hand, this is related to the surge in the number of prisoners. According to previous reports, the prison occupancy rate of Fresnes in the south of Paris is as high as 200%. Due to the lack of beds in the prison, some prisoners can only sleep on mattresses on the ground.

　　On the other hand, the way the mobile phone is transported into the prison also makes it impossible for prison guards to guard against it. According to reports, some people usually throw their mobile phones into the courtyard where prisoners walk from the outside; Another source said that sometimes mobile phones are difficult to be detected by machines. "Mobile phone accessories are getting smaller and smaller, and some of them contain very little metal, so that they can hardly be detected"; At the end of July this year, a prison guard in Nanterre was also charged and suspended for allegedly smuggling 10 mobile phones into the prison.

　　A senior official of the French Prison Administration (DAP) said, "We lost the ‘ The battle of mobile phones ’ " . However, in order to cope with this phenomenon, French Minister of Justice Nicole Belloubet said in January that it would spend 15 million euros (about 120 million yuan) to install mobile phone signal interference equipment, which currently has 804, but only 10% are in use; The department also plans to install 50,000 fixed telephones in the cells so as not to cut off the contact between prisoners and their relatives, and hopes to help prisoners reintegrate into society. (Overseas Network/Liang Yi)

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward a new topic of "strengthening the long-term ruling ability of the Party" for the first time, emphasizing the need to continuously strengthen the Party’s "political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization and social appeal", which marked the new achievements and breakthroughs in the construction of the Party’s ruling ability in theory and practice.

　　At present, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core is uniting and leading the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to fight a general war against COVID-19. The positive results achieved in the prevention and control work have once again demonstrated the party’s outstanding political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization and social appeal; Answered the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s "why can", "why can" and "why is good" with facts again; Once again, it shows that in the new era, China will continue to overcome difficulties and obstacles, overcome difficulties and challenges, and successfully achieve the grand goal of becoming a socialist modernization power under the support of its strong ruling ability.

　　First, effectively control the overall situation of fighting the "epidemic" — — Highlight outstanding political leadership

　　In the face of the sudden and nationwide struggle against the COVID-19 epidemic, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has set up the backbone and held the steering wheel for the whole party and country, laying a strong political foundation for the struggle against the epidemic to always advance in the right direction.

　　First, an efficient decision-making system against "epidemic" was established.At the first time, the CPC Central Committee made a decision that The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) directly led the response to the new pneumonia epidemic. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally commanded, listened to the epidemic report in time, went deep into the grassroots to visit and investigate, quickly followed up the epidemic trend, fully controlled the epidemic situation, made major arrangements efficiently, and promoted the overall development of the "epidemic".

　　Second, the anti-epidemic command system was effectively constructed.At the first time, the CPC Central Committee set up a leading group to deal with the pneumonia epidemic in novel coronavirus, and vigorously strengthened the unified command of the national epidemic prevention and control; At the same time, a central steering group was set up to go deep into Wuhan to guide and supervise the implementation of the relevant instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader and the central decision-making arrangements, strengthen the leadership of the main battlefield prevention and control, coordinate and solve major issues, and inspectors do not act or take responsibility for problems; The State Council established a joint prevention and control mechanism consisting of 32 departments at the first time. According to wartime requirements, it strengthened overall coordination, production organization and resource scheduling to meet the immediate needs of epidemic prevention and control; All provinces, cities, departments and units have also set up anti-epidemic leading groups, guidance groups and inspection teams. The establishment of a top-down, efficient and closely integrated command system has effectively guaranteed the rapid transmission and efficient implementation of the central top-level decisions.

　　Third, an anti-epidemic implementation system has been effectively constructed.Under the unified leadership and command of the CPC Central Committee, Party committees and governments at all levels resolutely follow the central decision-making arrangements and command orders, and fully assume the main responsibility for epidemic prevention and control. The country has quickly formed an implementation system that focuses on the first level, keeps the first level, and implements it at all levels, horizontally to the edge and vertically to the end; Leading cadres at all levels, especially the principal responsible persons, have effectively promoted the comprehensive formation of an efficient pattern in accordance with the mission requirements of guarding the soil, taking responsibility for guarding the soil, and doing their duty, fundamentally ensuring that top-level decision-making, command and instructions can quickly see action, epidemic stocks can quickly bottom out, and prevention and control measures can quickly achieve results. At the same time, the "last mile" of epidemic prevention and control was opened, which consolidated the foundation for the implementation of political leadership.

　　Second, effectively unify the anti-epidemic pace — — Highlight the leading power of outstanding thought

　　In the face of the complicated background of fighting the epidemic, it is urgent to unify the thoughts inside and outside the Party and the pace of the people of the whole country in a timely and effective manner, and comprehensively gather the positive energy of the fight against the epidemic, so as to provide a strong ideological guarantee and an inexhaustible source of power for effectively promoting the central decision-making and deployment. Since the fight against "epidemic", the CPC Central Committee has continuously consolidated the ideological foundation of overcoming difficulties together, gathered the positive energy of unity, and created a positive public opinion atmosphere.

　　First, give play to the leading role of the core ideas of leadership.The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered the spirit, instructed the instructions to deliver the requirements, conducted on-site investigation and deployment, met with foreign guests and delivered positive information by telephone. A series of important expositions have a decisive effect on the rapid unification of thoughts, firm belief in victory and cohesion of will power throughout the country.

　　The second is to give play to the leading role of functional departments.The central and state organs, party committees and governments at all levels, in accordance with the instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, quickly followed up and made professional macro guidance and promoted implementation opinions, effectively played the leading role of functional departments, promoted the rapid implementation of the anti-epidemic thought of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, and promoted the formation of a healthy atmosphere for the people of the whole country to unify their understanding, standardize their behavior, start from me and take immediate action.

　　The third is to give play to the leading role of public opinion front thought.Since the fight against the "epidemic", the CPC Central Committee has given full play to the unique function of the public opinion front in ideological guidance, coordinated online and offline, domestic and international, major and minor issues, and launched three-dimensional public opinion propaganda and information dissemination in time. By propagating typical examples, inspiring morale, clarifying facts, distinguishing right from wrong, penetrating rumors and responding to concerns, a positive public opinion atmosphere has been created and positive energy has been condensed for the overall situation of the fight against "epidemic". The public opinion front acts comprehensively, takes the initiative to attack, respects the facts, conforms to the law, and guides quickly, efficiently and scientifically, which not only plays the role of leading the carrier of thought, but also provides strong support for the formation of ideological synergy.

　　Third, build a defense line against "epidemic" efficiently — — Highlight outstanding mass organization.

　　The struggle against "epidemic disease" is a people’s war without smoke. Whether the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the overwhelming majority of the people can be mobilized is directly related to the ultimate success or failure. Since the fight against the "epidemic", the CPC Central Committee has given full play to its ability and advantages in organizing, mobilizing and rallying the masses, and has built an organizational system of central organizations, local organizations and grass-roots organizations, and built a strict and reliable line of defense against the "epidemic" by promoting the team, grasping party member and leading the masses.

　　One isPromote the team to ensure effective organization.According to the instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, "Party committees and governments at all levels must fully mobilize, deploy and strengthen their work in accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee", three days after the first meeting of the Central Committee to deal with the pneumonia epidemic in novel coronavirus, the Central Committee immediately issued the "Notice on Strengthening Party leadership and providing strong political guarantee for winning the prevention and control of the epidemic" and other documents. According to the requirements of the CPC Central Committee, Quickly turned into a wartime state, switched from the Spring Festival holiday mode to the working state, took the lead in setting an example, commanding ahead, and making precise efforts, effectively shouldering the major responsibilities entrusted by the CPC Central Committee and laying an organizational foundation for winning the victory against the "epidemic".

　　The second is to grasp the strong support organization of party member.Since the fight against the "epidemic", Party organizations at all levels have actively guided and widely called on the broad masses of cadres in party member to take the lead at the critical moment and strive to be advanced models. The broad masses of cadres in party member have fully played the role of a new force and a commando in fighting the "epidemic". Effectively organizing cadres in party member has undoubtedly set an example for the broad masses of the people and provided a backbone for winning the victory against the epidemic.

　　The third is to lead the masses to expand organizational effectiveness.The organizational power of the masses is not only reflected in the effective organization of ordinary party member cadres and party member, but also in the organization of the broadest masses of the people. Since the anti-epidemic struggle, while giving full play to the vanguard and exemplary role of party member, party organizations at all levels have mobilized the people to actively fight against the epidemic through various measures and channels, and ensured that there is no "blank", "blind area" and "dead corner" in organizing the masses with pragmatic and innovative ideas.

　　Fourth, effectively unite the forces against the "epidemic" — — Highlight outstanding social appeal

　　Social appeal is embodied in the party’s influence, cohesion, mobilization and guidance on all social strata, groups and forces. Since the fight against the "epidemic", the CPC Central Committee has won the trust and support of the whole country by practicing the people-centered thinking, won the touch and support of many parties by carrying forward the great spirit of the Chinese nation, and won the understanding and support of the international community by highlighting the image of a responsible big country.

　　First, practice the people-centered thinking and win the trust and support of the whole country.Since the fight against the epidemic, the CPC Central Committee with the supreme leader as the core has issued the call of "adhering to the people-centered thinking" and "putting people’s life safety and health first" for the first time, and has set the general policy, general tone and general principle for fighting the epidemic, which has promoted the virtuous circle and efficient formation of national mobilization, national participation and national efforts.

　　The second is to carry forward the great spirit of the Chinese nation and win the touch and support of many parties.In view of the objective reality that the whole people need the support of the whole society to fight against the "epidemic", the scenes of "the country is in trouble, every man has the responsibility" and "one party is in trouble, and all parties come to the rescue" have quickly formed nationwide, and they have merged into the majestic power of "having money and making strong contributions".

　　The third is to highlight the image of a responsible big country and win the understanding and support of the international community.Since the fight against "epidemic", the CPC Central Committee has profoundly grasped the characteristics and laws of fighting the epidemic in Covid-19, and launched a series of pragmatic diplomacy and external publicity, which has been widely recognized and supported by the international community. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader not only timely introduced the "most comprehensive, strict and thorough" prevention and control measures of the China government to the world, but also conveyed to the world the belief that the people of China are "confident, capable and sure" to win the epidemic and stop the war. These important expositions and quick actions have played a great role in reaching a common understanding of the world against the "epidemic" and creating a situation in which the international community works together to fight the "epidemic".

　　Anti-epidemic practice has fully proved that "political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization and social appeal" first put forward by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has strong theoretical vitality and practical guidance. Political leadership pointed out the correct direction of the struggle against "epidemic"; The leading power of thought provides a powerful spiritual force in the struggle against "epidemic"; Mass organization has consolidated the key humanistic foundation of the fight against "epidemic"; Social mobilization has created a positive environment for the fight against the epidemic. It is these four abilities that interact, influence, promote and support each other, which directly promotes the deepening of the struggle against "epidemic" and the goal of comprehensive victory.

　　(Zhou Xinmin, founder of the theory of leaders’ core competence)

In many people’s impression, western food represents advanced food, and it costs a lot of money to eat a meal.

But there is a restaurant that completely breaks the price barrier.

When you come here and open the menu, you can’t help but exclaim: this is too cheap.

Especially in the face of the rising high prices around, it is unbelievable to look at more than a dozen pieces of pasta on the menu.

Don’t forget that this is still a first-tier city. .

This is the charm of Italian restaurant Saizeriya, which will always impress you with its price.

Compared with other fast food restaurants, Saizeriya is different.

Someone looked up the menu of Saizeriya in 1990s and found that the price more than 20 years ago was twice as expensive as it is now.

In the past 17 years since its opening, Saizeriya has taken a civilian route, focusing on low prices, which has become the western food enlightenment for many children in China.

But Saizeriya’s low price can’t be achieved overnight, and there’s a lot of brain behind it.

Western food "Shaxian snack"

The first time I went to Saizeriya, it was difficult to combine the "Italian restaurant" on the signboard with the rough decoration and humble location.

But when you go in and eat before you come out, no one can escape the law of "real fragrance"

A frequent visitor to Saizeriya said:

I always thought I liked Italian food, until I traveled around Italy last year, only to find out that I only liked Saizeriya.

So popular, knife elder brother summed up two reasons.

1. There has been no price increase for twenty years.

Looking through Saizeriya’s menu, you will find a fact: How has it not changed much in the past twenty years!

Seeing that milk tea has changed from a few dollars to 20 or even 30, Saizeriya still looks so kind.

Unlimited refills for drinks of eight yuan each;

You can eat all kinds of pasta for more than ten yuan, which is much more cost-effective than cooking at home:

Feel free to eat more than 20 pieces of pizza, or 9 inches:

Raist raistlin

More than 40 pieces of red wine to drink casually:

Raist raistlin

Is it cheap? It’s too cheap.

Even if you go through all the items on the menu, the price is affordable, which is only available in Saizeriya.

No wonder some people say that ordering food in Saizeriya is like going back to ten years ago.

Moreover, this price is not a noisy dining environment, but a moment of leisure.

With low price and good environment, it is simply a famous product in the catering industry, the gospel of the student party, and some people even commented that this western restaurant is either for making money or doing charity!

What Saizeriya? Let’s just call it the Virgin Mary.

2, so cheap, can it be delicious?

As the saying goes, cheap goods are not good.

This was put on Saizeriya, and knife elder brother disagreed.

If it’s just cheap, it won’t allow Saizeriya to expand more than 1,000 in the world. In the final analysis, it’s a price war, and customers pay for it, or it’s cost-effective.

Look at this material, which is also very abundant. Squid, shrimp and scallop can realize the freedom of seafood in minutes.

What kind of bicycle is needed at such a price with such ingredients?

There is a saying that Pisa Leah is not as cheap as it is delicious, and the price that is more delicious than it is very expensive. In the same gear, Saizeriya won completely.

Over the years, Saizeriya not only took a look on the Internet with the help of price circle powder, but also found that 80% of the consumers went for the taste of Saizeriya.

Anyone who has eaten Saizeriya later became the "tap water" of this western restaurant. No matter where he is, he misses Saizeriya’s mouth.

In particular, garlic snails and roasted vanilla five-eye intestines are simply classics in the classics, the childhood memories of countless people.

Cheap and delicious, just like the soul label of Saizeriya, it is firmly imprinted in customers’ minds.

But it’s hard not to guess, how did such a low price, coupled with real raw material processing, last for 47 years without going bankrupt?

This has to mention the story behind Saizeriya.

Saizeriya, is there a mine at home?

Many people don’t know that Saizeriya is actually a Japanese catering company.

The founder’s name is Masahiko Masahiro, who founded the Italian restaurant in Saizeriya in 1973. It is said that when the boss was in college, he vowed to open a cheap Italian restaurant chain, and his dream really came true.

▲ Masahiro Tahiko

The reason why it is so cheap has a lot to do with the founder.

1. Who said that delicious food should be expensive?

At that time, Saizeriya was just a small western-style restaurant with only 36 seats in Kawaguchi, Chiba Prefecture.

When Mr. Masahiro Takahiko inherited this restaurant, because it was located above the vegetable market, there were few visitors.

There are also a large number of vegetables piled up at the entrance of the ladder, which further affects the business of the restaurant. After he took over the restaurant, he made up his mind: "Anyway, I want customers to cross the mountains of vegetables and come upstairs for dinner."

Mr. zhengyuan thinks that the high price is the main reason for the decrease of guests, so he reduces the price of dishes to 70% of the original price.

This move has obviously led to the growth of restaurant performance, and even customers queue up.

After a long time, the low price of the restaurant he runs has become a signboard.

He was convinced that "really good things should be cheap and delicious."

Relying on the low price strategy, Saizeriya successfully opened the market.

2, for the sake of efficiency, the kitchen fights.

Generally speaking, the better an enterprise develops, the cost control will be neglected, but Saizeriya is not.

Knife elder brother felt that Saizeriya’s cost savings can be summarized in several points.

The first is laziness.

As an enterprise, Saizeriya is too lazy to cook without a kitchen knife.

Cooking by what? Central kitchen.

Pre-processing all dishes through the central kitchen, and then sending semi-finished products to nearby stores can reduce the time cost.

Moreover, the function of the chef is greatly reduced, and only trained employees can engage in standardized operations. Greatly reduced labor costs and saved time for customers.

It takes only 9 minutes and 58 seconds to process and serve on the spot and complete 15 dishes.

Even the site selection, Saizeriya is too lazy to choose the location, and he will choose the closed restaurant stores, decorate them casually, ensure cleanliness and comfort, and start business.

Followed by essence.

Saizeriya is responsible for the cultivation of ingredients, the production and processing, and the store cooking.

Therefore, it can be speculated that the overall model of Saizeriya is probably: the place of production is taken out-processed in the central kitchen-sent to the store.

What do you mean, fat water doesn’t flow from outsiders? This is it.

Finally, the province.

Saizeriya’s low price depends on everyone’s saving.

The Japanese once filmed a program to unveil Saizeriya’s low-priced The Secret Behind.

For example, mopping the floor, such a common and simple thing, is calculated by efficiency here in Saizeriya.

This mop is equipped with an automatic water dispenser, and water can flow out of the mop with a light press. One to two, save a lot of time to wash the mop! The compressed time is just enough to go to the kitchen to help.

There is also a lot of knowledge in the waiter’s service.

Saizeriya has done a special test, and it is much more efficient for employees to serve food with their hands than trays.

And the homemade tomato cutter, placed directly in the middle, can be cut neatly and beautifully in five seconds.

On the whole, Saizeriya’s process operation stunned other entrepreneurs.

And this is also the most powerful proof to keep the price low and ensure the quality.

In addition, Saizeriya has an indicator called "turnover per hour", which is the turnover realized by an employee in one hour.

Saizeriya attaches great importance to improving this index, because as soon as the "man-hour turnover" goes up, the number of customers handled by each employee will increase accordingly, and it can be maintained with less manpower.

It is worthy of being an Italian "Shaxian snack" that has stood for 47 years in a row. Not everyone can control the cost like this.

Because of this, Saizeriya has also been vomited by some diners.

Saizeriya, don’t be too happy.

Because of this processing method of pre-finished products, it is actually the operation of reheating quick-frozen products.

It is essentially impossible to adjust the taste of customers.

▲ After-kitchen pre-finished product processing

In other words, Saizeriya has been training customers to adapt themselves.

As a catering industry, consumers and businesses usually try to adjust their tastes to each other, but Saizeriya, like a love rat, is unwilling to make changes for each other.

One more thing, too few people know about Saizeriya. Because to save money, all kinds of endorsements and event marketing are not available. Therefore, residents of cities without Saizeriya have never heard of it.

These are knife elder brother’s worries. On the whole, Saizeriya’s advantages are still stronger than others.

In particular, compared with the restaurants in Babela, which used to compete with it, it has long declined, and some of them may have never heard of it after 00.

Babela is also an Italian restaurant opened in China. It was founded in Shanghai in 2005 and has more than 200 stores nationwide.

At that time, there was usually a long queue at the entrance of Babela!

But now it’s hard for you to find its store.

One of the main reasons for bankruptcy is that the eyes are superior and the eyes are inferior.

When there were a large number of customers, Babela was impatient and began to raise prices to highlight his own style.

However, because the food itself is a third-rate taste, we must position the price of Michelin for ourselves.

Customers are not fools, and they can choose Pizza Hut or other western restaurants at the same price. Over time, how Babela didn’t exist is almost forgotten by everyone.

This gave Saizeriya more room for development and made up for the shortage of this gear.

During the epidemic, Saizeriya opened three stores in succession, with a 50% discount. And it is planned to open 300 stores in Guangdong Province within five years.

Compared with other restaurants, Saizeriya is simply a mudslide, standing firm in the market at a low price.

Look at Yoshinoya, who couldn’t stand it before. He is also a Japanese chain restaurant with the same expansion model, but he closed hundreds of stores overnight and lost more than 600 million yuan.

The reason is the service retrogression. Inadequate staff training, casual ordering, slow serving speed, and decreased food quality, which is expensive and not delicious.

You see, once the service and quality cannot be guaranteed, even if you are famous again, you will be abandoned by the market.

Therefore, even in Saizeriya, which is famous for its cost performance, knife elder brother should give a vaccination. Don’t float, remember your initial heart.

References:

1. Wuxi Raiders: "It’s 0202, Wuxi is known as the" Shaxian County of Italy ",and the price still stayed ten years ago! ? 》

2. Eating goods in Guangzhou: "During the epidemic period, there is no price increase and there is a discount. Saizeriya, why don’t you go out of business?" ! 》

3. Why Shenzhen: "Why, Saizeriya has not closed down? ! 》

4. Shan Renxing, "Italian Shaxian snacks opened by the Japanese: thousands of stores around the world, making profits for 36 consecutive years! 》

5. Not related to the research institute "How did the Italian Shaxian snack opened by the Japanese conquer China?"

Original title: "Why hasn’t the most local western restaurant in China closed down? 》

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