"I didn’t expect to make money by throwing garbage, which is both environmentally friendly and affordable." On August 4th, in Vanke Emerald Riverside Community, Hanyang District, Wuhan, Mr. Li, a resident, threw a bag of plastic bottles into the garbage intelligent recycling machine.

Cartons, beverage bottles, cans, used books and newspapers at home were mostly thrown into the trash can in the past, but now they have a better "home": an intelligent garbage collector that loves sorting and recycling.

Intelligent weighing and settlement, 24-hour voting.

The recycling machine with simple shape is full of internal science and technology. Fully intelligent in delivery, weighing and settlement, and can receive recyclable garbage such as paper, metal, plastic and fabric.

"I heard that there is this recycling machine downstairs, so I came to try it." Ms. Tang held several books and led the children to put them in. I saw that after the mobile phone scanned the code, the door of the recycling machine automatically opened. After Ms. Tang put the book in, the recycling machine automatically weighed it, which showed that "the amount available for this delivery of 4.68 kilograms was 4.68 yuan".

Jiang Pan Cheng, the person in charge of the operation of "Love Classification and Love Recycling", said: "The recyclable materials put by residents can be paid into personal accounts according to 1 yuan /kg points, and cash can be withdrawn when they are in 10 yuan."

What if residents throw in dry and wet garbage by mistake? According to the staff, in order to standardize residents’ delivery behavior, there are high-definition cameras inside and outside the machine to take photos and videos of delivery behaviors and items, and conduct AI analysis on photos. If illegal delivery is found, the customer service will remind and guide the user and deduct points from the illegal user.

"The recycling machine can scan the code on WeChat or enter the mobile phone number, which is convenient for the elderly who can’t use smart phones and can be put in 24 hours." Jiang Pan Cheng said.

Ms. Tang said, "It’s very convenient to take the garbage when you go downstairs, without having to make an appointment for the recycler to come to the door, and without worrying about’ short weight’."

Turning waste into treasure, saving energy and reducing emissions

"This method will help to enhance the enthusiasm of residents for garbage sorting, improve the littering and stacking in corridors, and make the community environment cleaner and more beautiful." The staff of the residential property said that in order to facilitate the delivery of more residents, they took an explanation video with their mobile phones and sent it to the owners’ group, and everyone praised it.

After the recycling machine is delivered to full capacity, the background system will receive the information of Man Cang, and according to the real-time operation status, vehicle positioning, traffic conditions and other information, send a bill to the appropriate cleaning staff, and automatically plan a quick cleaning route for the cleaning staff. Each recyclable package is also attached with a QR code to support source traceability.

Where are the recyclables delivered by residents?

According to Jiang Pancheng, recyclables will be finely sorted according to different categories at the end, and then enter the corresponding renewable resource processing and utilization enterprises. After recycling, they will be turned into umbrellas, T-shirts, handbags and other items.

In January this year, the National Development and Reform Commission’s Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of Recycling System of Waste Materials proposed: improve the informationization level of waste materials recycling industry. Carry out the "internet plus Recycling" model to support the development of the network recycling platform for waste materials.

"By separating recyclables from domestic garbage, more than one-third of garbage can be reduced, so that renewable resources can be used to the best and carbon emissions can be reduced." Jiang Pan Cheng said.

At present, the first batch of pilot projects in Hanyang District put 12 sets of intelligent recycling machines, covering 6 streets. It is estimated that more than 500 sets will be put into operation in Wuhan this year.

(Hubei Daily full media reporter Jassamyn Liu correspondent Yang Hui)

　　The website of the Fire and Rescue Bureau of the Emergency Management Department reported on October 2 that recently, the Fire and Rescue Bureau issued fire risk guidelines and inspection guidelines for escape places in secret rooms, which pointed out that local fire and rescue agencies should closely combine the safety precautions during the National Day holiday and take the initiative to make a special report to the local government to promote the solution of outstanding problems in local escape places in secret rooms. It is necessary to rely on platforms such as the Safety Production Committee and the Fire Safety Committee to send letters of advice to departments such as cultural tourism, housing construction and public security, prompting to strengthen fire safety management in places where secret rooms escape.

　　It is necessary to actively draw the government’s attention to carry out joint inspections with departments such as cultural tourism, housing construction and public security, and conduct key spot checks on self-knowledge and self-examination and self-improvement in places where people escape from secret rooms against the Risk Guide and Inspection Guide, and order them to make corrections according to law for fire-fighting violations found in the inspections; If there are major hidden dangers, measures such as sealing up and shutting down shall be taken according to law.

　　For places where there are major hidden dangers, organize news media to focus on exposure, and use public opinion supervision to force hidden dangers to rectify and deter illegal activities. It is necessary to take the secret room escape place as a high-risk place to carry out normalized fire supervision and inspection, accurately prevent fire safety risks, and resolutely curb the occurrence of serious fire accidents.

　　Attached to the original:

　　Notice of the Fire and Rescue Bureau on Printing and Distributing Fire Risk Guidelines and Inspection Guidelines for Escape Places in Secret Rooms

　　Emergency elimination [2021] No.170

　　In order to comprehensively strengthen the fire prevention work in the escape places of secret rooms, the Fire Rescue Bureau organized fire rescue corps in Jiangxi and Sichuan to adhere to the problem-oriented principle in accordance with the relevant fire laws and regulations and fire technical standards, combined with the actual on-site inspection and investigation of the escape places of secret rooms, focusing on the possible fire risks, personnel safety evacuation risks and fire spread expansion risks. We have studied and formulated the Fire Risk Guide for Escape Places in Secret Rooms (Trial) and the Fire Risk Inspection Guide for Escape Places in Secret Rooms (Trial) (hereinafter referred to as the Risk Guide and Inspection Guide), which can be used to guide relevant departments, towns (streets), escape places in Secret Rooms and their building property management units to carry out corresponding fire safety management.

　　Local fire rescue agencies should closely combine the national day holiday security work, take the initiative to make a special report to the local government, and promote the solution of outstanding problems in local secret room escape places. It is necessary to rely on platforms such as the Safety Production Committee and the Fire Safety Committee to send letters of advice to departments such as cultural tourism, housing construction and public security, prompting to strengthen fire safety management in places where secret rooms escape. It is necessary to quickly issue the Risk Guide and Inspection Guide to the local secret room escape places and their building property management units, guide them to compact their fire safety responsibilities, disclose their fire safety commitments to the public, implement the fire risk classification control mechanism, and strengthen the independent management of fire safety. It is necessary to actively draw the government’s attention to carry out joint inspections with departments such as cultural tourism, housing construction and public security, and conduct key spot checks on self-knowledge and self-examination and self-improvement in places where people escape from secret rooms against the Risk Guide and Inspection Guide, and order them to make corrections according to law for fire-fighting violations found in the inspections; If there are major hidden dangers, measures such as sealing up and shutting down shall be taken according to law. It is necessary to carry out extensive publicity and warning education, remind the people of the fire risk in places where secret rooms escape, remind them to pay attention to fire safety, and report fire hazards around them. For places where there are major hidden dangers, organize news media to focus on exposure, and use public opinion supervision to force hidden dangers to rectify and deter illegal activities. It is necessary to take the secret room escape place as a high-risk place to carry out normalized fire supervision and inspection, accurately prevent fire safety risks, and resolutely curb the occurrence of serious fire accidents.

　　Fire and rescue bureau

　　September 29, 2021

　　Guide to Fire Risk in Escape Places of Secret Rooms (Trial)

　　Escape places in secret rooms refer to places where real people escape, script killing and sitcom activities are carried out in specific confined space scenes. The common main fire risks are as follows:

　　First, the fire risk

　　(1) Risk of open fire source

　　1. Employees and customers in the workplace smoke illegally, and throw away unlit cigarette butts at will.

　　2. Use naked fire, light wax, burn paper, burn incense, etc. in violation of the rules due to the scenario.

　　3. Unlawful discharge of cold fireworks and fireworks to create a scene atmosphere.

　　4. The construction of the scenery is illegal to carry out open flame operations such as electric welding, gas welding and cutting.

　　(2) Electrical fire risk

　　1. The laying of electrical lines does not meet the requirements, the electrical lines are not protected by tubes, and the electrical line connectors are not connected by terminals; Electrical wiring is aging, insulation layer is damaged, wiring is damp and flooded.

　　2. Electrical circuits, power sockets and switches are installed and laid on flammable and combustible materials; The distribution box is not made of incombustible materials, and the electrical lines in the box are not laid as required; The connection between line and socket and switch is loose, and the contact between plug and sleeve is loose.

　　3. For the electrical equipment that needs to be set due to the scene, there may be overload operation or poor contact if multiple extension cord power sockets are used to connect the equipment in series.

　　4. Choose or buy electrical products such as sockets, chargers and electrical equipment that do not meet the national standards; Employees in the workplace illegally use high-power electrical appliances such as fast heating and electric heaters; Electrical equipment such as rice cookers, induction cookers and microwave ovens for making simple meals for customers have not kept a safe distance from combustible materials, and no one is on duty when heating food.

　　5. There are many hand-held radios used by employees and customers in the site, and no personnel are arranged to be on duty when charging.

　　6. High-temperature lighting lamps such as halogen tungsten lamps are used illegally in the prop warehouse, and the lamps are not equipped with protective covers as required.

　　7. The electrical equipment, lamps and ballasts used in the scenery have not kept a safe distance from flammable and combustible decoration and props.

　　8. Failing to take power-off measures when closing the store at the end of business.

　　9. Electric bicycles and electric balance cars are parked and charged in the place in violation of regulations, and employees in the place bring the storage battery to the place to charge.

　　(C) Combustible risk

　　1. Use flammable and combustible materials such as polyurethane, polystyrene, sponge and plastic for decoration and decoration in violation of regulations.

　　2. Illegal use of flammable colored steel plates for setting, building and indoor separation.

　　3. In order to create an atmosphere, each theme room uses a large number of decorative objects such as flammable pendants, plastic simulation plants, hydrogen balloons and model props.

　　4. A large number of flammable and combustible clothing props are piled up in the prop warehouse.

　　5. Illegal storage of inflammable and explosive dangerous goods such as hydrogen tanks, kerosene and alcohol, and unsafe storage and use of air fresheners, pesticides and ribbon spray foaming agents.

　　Second, the risk of personnel safety evacuation

　　1. Some places are located in basements and civil air defense projects, and there are insufficient safety exits and no cell phone communication signals, so it is extremely difficult to evacuate people safely and orderly after a fire. In some places, the monitoring room is set in the play scene area, and there is a fire in the play scene area, so it will be affected to start the emergency handling procedure by using the monitoring room.

　　2. The safety exit needs to be closed due to the scenario; Evacuation passages are occupied and blocked by various props, and some passages need customers to crawl through; The access control system set at some safety exits and evacuation passages cannot be opened normally in case of fire.

　　3. In theme rooms such as special puzzles, customers are confined to the room when playing, and only after completing the task can the exit be opened or the door be opened by the staff. In case of emergency, the door cannot be opened from the inside; The password lock and electronic lock in the place can’t be unlocked by one key in the monitoring room; The password lock is not set to the same password, so it is not convenient to inform customers of the unlocking password during emergency broadcast.

　　4. The dark environment and secret doors set in the place to create an atmosphere seriously affect the safe evacuation of personnel. Some customers are addicted to the situation for a long time and have weak evacuation response ability, so they cannot evacuate safely in time in case of fire. Real people escape, sitcom places are not equipped with locators for customers, and it is difficult to search and rescue trapped people in time and accurately due to environmental factors in case of fire.

　　5. The place did not take measures to limit the flow of personnel during the peak business hours; The number of safety exits and the width of evacuation corridors are insufficient, which affects the safety evacuation; The fire separation between the evacuation walkway and other functional areas does not meet the requirements.

　　6. The emergency lighting in the place is not set or the quantity is insufficient, and the illumination is not enough; The evacuation indication sign is not set or the setting does not meet the requirements and is blocked.

　　7. Props, decorations, partitions, etc. in the place block fire-fighting facilities such as smoke outlets, fire detectors, sprinklers, etc., and fire-fighting facilities cannot effectively play a role, which affects the evacuation and escape of personnel.

　　8. A large amount of smoke and toxic gases are generated when combustible materials are burned in the scene, and the natural smoke exhaust window is closed or the smoke exhaust facilities cannot be opened normally, so the toxic high-temperature smoke seriously affects the safe evacuation of people.

　　9. The fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan has not been formulated in the place, and the employees in the place do not understand the fire danger of the place, are not familiar with the emergency disposal procedures, and have insufficient ability to organize evacuation.

　　10. The customer is not familiar with the place, and there is no communication with the outside when some games are played. There is no safety evacuation instruction map in the obvious part of the place, and the obligation of fire risk warning and emergency evacuation notification is not fulfilled before the game starts.

　　11. There is no emergency broadcast in the place, so it is impossible to broadcast in time to guide the safe evacuation of personnel in case of fire; The emergency broadcast of the place is the public fire control facility of the building where it is located. In case of fire, the audio equipment of the place cannot be cut off and shut down urgently, which will interfere with the function of emergency broadcast.

　　12. There is no effective communication and emergency linkage mechanism between the place and the fire control room of the building where it is located, and the members of the volunteer fire brigade (mini fire station) of the building where it is located are not familiar with the internal situation of the place, so it is impossible to organize the first fire fighting and evacuation in time.

　　13. Customers open the door to enter and exit during the appointment period, and the door is closed when the place is open. In case of fire, the situation inside and outside the place is not clear to each other, which is not conducive to timely informing people to evacuate.

　　Third, the spread of fire expands the risk

　　1. The place is decorated with flammable and combustible materials such as polyurethane, polystyrene, sponge, blanket and wood board, and flammable and combustible pendants, plastic simulated plants, model props and appliances are used. In case of fire, it is easy to cause spread and serious losses.

　　2. The fire separation between the site and other adjacent areas is not effective or not in place, and the original fire separation measures are destroyed when the site is rebuilt, which is easy to cause fire spread.

　　3. There is no emergency linkage mechanism between the site and the property management unit of the building, and there is a fire in the site or in other parts of the building, which leads to the spread of the fire and cannot be effectively disposed of.

　　4. Due to the need for separation of decoration, the original building fire-fighting facilities are demolished, or the fire-fighting facilities are not set according to national standards and industry standards, which makes it difficult to effectively put out the fire after the fire.

　　5. The fire-fighting facilities are not operating normally, and employees in the workplace are not familiar with the operation of fire-fighting facilities and equipment, so it is impossible to give early warning and deal with them quickly after a fire breaks out.

　　6. There are many hidden doors in the place, and the internal partition wall or partition does not have the function of fire prevention and smoke prevention, which is easy to cause the rapid spread of fire and smoke.

　　Guidelines for Fire Risk Inspection in Escape Places of Secret Rooms (for Trial Implementation)

　　The secret room escape place refers to the place where real people escape, script killing and sitcom activities are carried out in a specific confined space scene, and fire risk inspection should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of fire laws, regulations and technical standards, with the focus as follows:

　　First, check the fire safety management

　　(1) Key points of spot check of data files

　　1 fire safety responsibility, management personnel and post fire safety responsibility is clear, place rental units and property units, property management units fire safety responsibility is clear.

　　2. Whether the fire safety management system is established; Whether the fire patrol, inspection and fire hazard rectification records are archived; Whether the fire risk hidden danger is self-knowledge, self-examination and self-correction, and whether the publicity commitment system is established.

　　3. Whether the fire safety training system for employees in the workplace is established before they take up their posts and whether they are trained regularly during their employment.

　　4. Whether to formulate a fire fighting and emergency evacuation plan that is in line with the actual situation of this place.

　　5. Whether the maintenance and testing of fire control facilities are carried out by institutions and practitioners with working conditions.

　　6. Whether the design, laying, maintenance and testing of electrical circuits are implemented by institutions and practitioners with working conditions.

　　(II) Focus of spot check of on-site entities

　　1. Ask the person in charge of fire safety and management whether they know their own fire safety responsibilities and whether they know the main fire risks in this place.

　　2. Ask the employees in the workplace whether they know the common sense of fire risk and fire safety in the workplace, and whether they know the emergency handling procedures and measures and the ability to organize evacuation.

　　3. Check whether the place publicly promises fire safety and whether the promised content is true; Check the authenticity of fire patrol and inspection records, and check whether the registered fire hazards are rectified.

　　4. Check whether the fire control facilities are in good condition and effective.

　　5. Check whether the main safety exits and evacuation passages of the site are kept smooth, and whether there are illegal acts such as occupation, blockage and closure.

　　Second, check the fire hazards

　　(A) the use of fire

　　1. Check whether there is any illegal use of fuel, alcohol, burning paper, burning wax, burning incense, cold fireworks, etc.

　　2. Check whether there are illegal smoking behaviors.

　　3. Whether there is any open flame operation such as illegal electric welding, gas welding and cutting.

　　(II) Electricity consumption

　　1. Whether the leakage protection device is installed and used as required; Whether the laying of electrical lines meets the requirements, whether the electrical lines are protected by pipes, and whether the electrical line connectors are connected by terminal blocks; Whether there are problems such as aging, damaged insulation layer, water immersion and moisture in the electrical circuit.

　　2. Whether the electrical circuit, power socket and switch are installed and laid on flammable and combustible materials; Whether the distribution box is made of incombustible materials, and whether the electrical circuits in the box are laid as required; Whether the connection between line and socket and switch is loose, and whether the contact between plug and sleeve is loose.

　　3. For the electrical equipment that needs to be set due to the scene, whether to use multiple extension cord sockets to connect the equipment in series and whether it is overloaded.

　　4. Whether to choose or buy electrical products such as sockets, chargers and electrical equipment that do not meet the national standards; Whether employees in the workplace illegally use high-power electrical appliances such as fast heating and electric heaters; Whether the electric equipment such as rice cookers, induction cookers and microwave ovens for making simple meals for customers keep a safe distance from combustible materials, and whether personnel are arranged to be on duty when heating food.

　　5. Employees and customers in the site use more hand-held radios, and whether to arrange personnel to be on duty when charging.

　　6. Whether the high-temperature lighting lamps such as halogen tungsten lamps are used illegally in the warehouse where the scene props and costumes are stored, and whether the lamps are equipped with protective covers as required.

　　7. Whether the electrical equipment, lamps and ballasts used in the scenery keep a safe distance from flammable and combustible decoration and props.

　　8. Whether to take power-off measures when closing the store at the end of business.

　　9. Whether electric bicycles, electric balance cars, etc. are illegally parked and charged in the place, and whether employees in the place bring batteries to the place for charging.

　　Third, check the key parts

　　(1) Play waiting area

　　1. Whether the electric massage sofa, milk tea machine, snack machine, rental charging treasure and other equipment in the waiting area are illegally laid with electrical lines.

　　2. Whether the combustion performance grade of the decoration materials in the waiting area meets the specification requirements.

　　3. Whether the door curtain, game machine, massage chair, tables and chairs occupy or block the evacuation passage and exit.

　　(2) Play scene area

　　1. Check whether flammable and combustible materials such as polyurethane, polystyrene, sponge and plastic are used for decoration in violation of regulations; Whether to use a large number of flammable pendants, plastic simulation plants, hydrogen balloons, model props and other decorative modeling objects; Whether it is illegal to use flammable colored steel plates for setting, building and indoor partition.

　　2. Whether the exit is closed and whether the evacuation passage is occupied or blocked; Whether the number of safety exits and the width of evacuation corridors meet the requirements; Whether the scene theme room is equipped with an emergency escape route, whether the evacuation door of the special puzzle-solving theme room is equipped with a device that can be opened from the inside, and whether the monitoring room has the function of starting all the locks with one button.

　　3 emergency broadcast, emergency lighting, evacuation signs are set, whether in good condition and effective; The emergency broadcast of the place is the public fire control facility of the building where it is located. In case of fire, whether the audio equipment of the place can be cut off and shut down in an emergency will interfere with the function of emergency broadcast.

　　4. Whether to set up a safety evacuation indicator map in the obvious part of the place; Whether the employees in the site give fire risk warning and fire safety education to customers before the game starts; Whether the employees in the site lead the customers to familiarize themselves with the safety exits in advance.

　　(3) Prop warehouse

　　1. Whether the laying of electrical wiring is standardized, whether high-temperature lighting lamps such as halogen tungsten lamps are equipped with protective covers, and whether a safe distance is kept from the stored combustible goods.

　　2. Whether inflammable and explosive dangerous goods are illegally stored.

　　3. Whether the articles are classified and stored, and whether the articles are stacked in a standardized way.

　　4. Whether it is illegal to set the staff rest room in the place.

　　(4) Office area

　　1. Whether the counters and monitoring rooms illegally store flammable and explosive dangerous goods such as hydrogen tanks, kerosene and alcohol, and whether air fresheners, pesticides and ribbon spray foaming agents are safely stored and used.

　　2. Whether the extension cord power socket is placed on combustible materials in the counter and monitoring room.

　　3. Check whether personnel are on duty when charging handheld radios, flashlights, mobile phones and charging treasures, and whether the personnel on duty master emergency measures.

　　Fourth, check the emergency response capability

　　1. Simulate the fire on the spot and pull the drill to see whether the test site establishes emergency linkage mechanism and communication with the fire control room of the building where it is located.

　　2. Whether the location of the site monitoring room is easily affected by the fire in the play scene area; Whether the personnel on duty in the monitoring room are familiar with the emergency handling procedures, whether emergency lighting will be started, and whether emergency broadcasting will be used to inform people to evacuate.

　　3. Simulate whether the password lock and electronic lock in the place can be unlocked by one key in the monitoring room when a fire occurs; Whether the password lock is set to the same password, and whether the personnel on duty in the place inform the customer of the unlocking password in time when starting the emergency broadcast.

　　4. Whether real people escape and sitcom places are equipped with locators for customers, and whether they can quickly locate and search for trapped people in case of emergency such as fire.

　　5. Whether the employees in the workplace are familiar with the use of fire extinguishers and indoor fire hydrants, and whether they can quickly respond to organize the fire fighting and organize customers to evacuate and escape.

　　6. Whether the members of the volunteer fire brigade (mini fire station) in the building are familiar with the internal situation of the site, and whether they can quickly arrive at the scene to carry out the initial fire fighting and organize personnel evacuation during the field test.

　　　　　　　　Since the first batch of Coca-Cola arrived in Beijing and Guangzhou by train in 1979, Coca-Cola has developed in Chinese mainland for 35 years. In fact, before that, Coca-Cola entered the China market as early as 1927, but then withdrew in 1948. In China’s more than 50 years’ experience, Coca-Cola has also had many stories that outsiders don’t know.

　　　　　　　　1. Coca-Cola was once called "Tadpoles chew wax"

　　　　　　　　When I first entered China in 1927, the Chinese translation of "Coca-Cola" was "Tadpoles Eating Wax". Unique taste and strange name, product sales can be imagined. In the 1930s, Coca-Cola published a newspaper in Britain to collect Chinese translations with a prize of 350 pounds. Jiang Yi, a British scholar, applied for the job with the translated name "Coca-Cola" and was taken by the judges.

　　　　　　　　The first production line in Beijing was dismantled from Shanghai.

　　　　　　　　Before liberation, Coca-Cola set up a bottling plant in Shanghai, and it sold well. In 1948, the sales of Coca-Cola in Shanghai exceeded 1 million cases, making it the first city outside the United States to achieve such brilliant results. Subsequently, Coca-Cola completely withdrew from China. Under the instruction of Zhou Enlai, the Coca-Cola production line was dismantled and shipped to Beijing. It is said that this is the first soda production line in Beijing.

　　　　　　　　3. Return to China under the name of BENETRADE.

　　　　　　　　In 1973, Coca-Cola could not trade with China as an American company. Therefore, Coca-Cola has set up a trading company named BENETRADE in Hong Kong, which means’ beneficial trading’, and started the trade procurement of furniture and building materials with China through platforms such as Guangzhou Fair. At the Guangzhou Fair in 1974, Coca-Cola started to establish contact with China Grain and Oil Import and Export Corporation through BENETRADE.

　　　　　　　　4. Shangfang Sword: Vice Premier’s calligraphy

　　　　　　　　At the beginning of 1978, Chinese’s views on new things were still unclear. Zhang Jianhua, general manager of COFCO, urged Coca-Cola to be introduced to Chinese mainland. Although COFCO did not have a red tape from the central government, there was a handwritten note by Li Xiannian, then vice premier, which roughly meant that this work could be carried out. This handwritten note became a sword for COFCO to introduce Coca-Cola.

　　　　　　　　5. It used to be a luxury exclusive to foreigners.

　　　　　　　　In January 1979, the first batch of 3,000 cases of Coca-Cola set off from Hong Kong and went to Beijing and Guangzhou by train. According to the agreement signed between Coca-Cola and COFCO at that time, Coca-Cola can only supply foreign-related hotels and tourist shops, and its sales targets can only be foreigners, returned overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao who are working and traveling in China. The price of each bottle is four yuan (more than one US dollar), and it can only be purchased in foreign currency or foreign exchange certificates. In Chinese’s view at that time, Coca-Cola was a "symbol of capitalism".

　　　　　　　　6. Shanghai was boycotted and forced to settle in Beijing Roast Duck Factory.

　　　　　　　　When returning to Chinese mainland to choose the site of the first bottle factory, Coca-Cola first thought of Shanghai. However, when contacting the relevant departments, they met with strong resistance. Some units and individuals in Shanghai published articles in newspapers and magazines, accusing COFCO of introducing Coca-Cola as "traitorous" and "foreign slave philosophy". In the end, Coca-Cola had to give up its plan to settle in Shanghai and settle in an old factory of Beijing Roast Duck Factory under COFCO in Wulidian, Beijing.

　　　　　　　　7. The first promotion ended in the following frame.

　　　　　　　　On the weekend before Christmas in 1982, Coca-Cola promoted sales in Beijing’s major shopping malls-buying a bottle of Coca-Cola and giving a balloon or a pair of beautifully packaged chopsticks-which was the first store promotion activity in China’s contemporary market.

　　　　　　　　The major media in Beijing reacted violently, criticizing that "drinking Coca-Cola is treason", and the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau instructed on the internal reference that "(Coca-Cola) is only allowed to be sold to foreigners". Overnight, all Coca-Cola was removed from the counter of the shopping mall. After more than half a year, the factory was in a state of semi-suspension.

　　　　　　　　Later, COFCO reflected it in the form of "people’s letters" and sent it to the Central Committee through the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, which won the support of then Chairman Wan Li. COFCO then submitted an application to the State Council, hoping that the central authorities would approve the domestic sales, and finally it was approved.

　　　　　　　　8. China people and coke are on the cover

　　　　　　　　On April 30, 1984, the cover of Time magazine in the United States was titled "The New Face of China, What Reagan Will See", and the cover photo showed a smiling ordinary Chinese standing in front of the Great Wall with a bottle of Coca-Cola. This picture directly shows that China is gradually opening up and people are starting a new life. This is the first time that ordinary people in China who are not government officials have appeared on the cover of Time Magazine.

　　　　　　　　9. The Queen’s visit to China-the first Coca-Cola advertisement on CCTV

　　　　　　　　In October 1986, the Queen of England visited China for the first time. The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) made a documentary for this purpose. CCTV wanted to buy the right to broadcast, so it found Coca-Cola, hoping to sponsor $200,000, provided that Coca-Cola advertisements were broadcast before and after the film was broadcast. One day in October, 1986, after the broadcast of News Network, CCTV and 18 national TV stations simultaneously sounded the melody of Coca-Cola advertisements, which was the first advertisement for foreign enterprises broadcast by CCTV after China’s reform and opening up.

　　　　　　　　10. How was the wholly-owned concentrated solution factory built?

　　　　　　　　In 1986, Coca-Cola wanted to establish a concentrated solution factory in China. As the Coca-Cola formula is a trade secret, it must be wholly owned by Coca-Cola. However, at that time, China’s policy did not allow wholly foreign-owned enterprises. Finally, China proposed a solution: Coca-Cola Company built two factories-a concentrated solution factory and a bottling factory, and gave the bottling factory to China for free. After that, the two factories formed a joint board of directors, and China and the United States each held 50% of the shares to form a cooperative enterprise. This became the first Sino-US cooperative enterprise in China.

　　　　　　　　11. David Lu, the chairman of Greater China and South Korea, has also experienced studying agriculture.

　 　 　 　 David Lu, who entered Coca-Cola in 1988, was a diplomat under former US President George H.W. Bush. From 1975 to 1977, after Sino-American relations broke the ice, David lived in Beijing with his parents for more than two years, and he became a rare western student in Beijing at that time. "I am studying in Beijing No.55 Middle School in Sanlitun. I am the only foreign child in the whole school. I am a’ post-60 s’ who has experienced studying as a worker, studying agriculture and learning Lei Feng; China and I do gymnastics with the People’s Liberation Army and do eye exercises. I rode my bike around Chang ‘an Avenue and was curious about everything around me. Middle school changed my life. "　

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 30 (Reporter Shi Jingnan) On the 30th, at the launching ceremony of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) documents and study guidance books held in Beijing Book Building, six kinds of conference documents and study guidance books jointly launched by People’s Publishing House, Party Building Reading House and Learning Publishing House met with readers, providing the most basic and authoritative text materials for the cadres and masses in party member to study and implement the spirit of the 19th CPC.

　　Among them, People’s Publishing House published three kinds of 10 editions of the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Constitution of the Communist Party of China and The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China Documents Collection. Together, the three publishing houses have published three authoritative counseling books organized by the document drafting group, namely, The Counseling Book of the 19th Party Congress Report published by People’s Publishing House, The Learning Counseling Questions of the 19th Party Congress Report jointly published by Party Construction Reading House and Learning Publishing House, and The Learning Questions and Answers of the 19th party constitution Amendment published by Party Construction Reading House.

　　Zhou Huilin, deputy director of the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television, said that it is necessary to carefully organize the publication and distribution of the 19th National Congress documents and study guidance books, ensure sufficient supply in the market, actively explore federated media publishing and multi-channel distribution, and deliver the 19th National Congress documents and study guidance books to the broad masses of party member cadres and masses with the fastest speed and best service, thus rapidly setting off a nationwide upsurge of studying, propagating and implementing the spirit of the 19th National Congress.

　　According to reports, e-books of these important documents will also be released online simultaneously on many online platforms, such as party member Little Bag APP, Mi Gu Reading, JD.COM Reading, Dangdang Reading and Chinese Online.

　　Not long ago, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection informed and exposed six typical problems of accountability for ecological environmental damage, involving six provinces and cities of Tianjin, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Chongqing and Gansu, and the number of people notified reached more than 40. It is worth noting that this is the first time that the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection has reported on typical issues of accountability in this field.

　　"The main leaders of local party committees and governments at all levels are the first responsible persons for ecological environmental protection in their respective administrative areas. All relevant departments should fulfill their responsibilities for ecological environmental protection, so that all departments have the responsibility to defend the soil, do their duty, and work together and work together." "For those leading cadres who damage the ecological environment, we must really pursue responsibility, dare to pursue responsibility, and strictly pursue responsibility, so as to achieve lifelong accountability." In May this year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed at the National Ecological Environmental Protection Conference that we should resolutely fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control, and pointed out that leading cadres who damaged the ecological environment should be seriously held accountable.

　　Supervise discipline and accountability, and guard green mountains and green hills. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has attached great importance to ecological environmental protection, all relevant departments have cooperated to promote ecological environmental protection work, and the central and discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels have strengthened supervision and accountability, providing a strong disciplinary guarantee for implementing the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and promoting ecological environmental protection work.

　　Form political consciousness and strengthen re-supervision of supervision

　　In the circular, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection sternly pointed out that the responsible comrades in these places and units have low political stance, lax and untrue work style, weak awareness of ecological environmental protection, erroneous views on political achievements that attach importance to economic benefits and neglect environmental protection, and prominent problems of formalism and bureaucracy, which have led to the long-term failure to effectively solve the environmental pollution problem strongly reflected by the masses, and the ineffective investigation and punishment of violations of ecological environmental protection policies and regulations, seriously deviating from the central decision-making and deployment, infringing on the vital interests of the masses and restricting the sustainable development of the economy and society.

　　Why do environmental protection problems reflect the low political position and untrue style of leading cadres? "The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized at the National Ecological Environmental Protection Conference that the ecological environment is a major political issue related to the mission and purpose of the party and a major social issue related to people’s livelihood." Cai Zhiqiang, deputy secretary of the Party Committee and secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission of China Institute of Discipline Inspection and Supervision, analyzed, "Eco-environmental protection is not a simple business issue, but a major strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee. Leading cadres at all levels should improve their political positions and whether they perform their duties and responsibilities for environmental protection work is directly related to whether they conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee."

　　At the same time, the circular also pointed out that it is a major political task for discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels at present and in the future to implement the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and provide strong discipline guarantee for fighting the tough battle against pollution.

　　Party construction experts believe that this is the faithful performance of the duties entrusted by party constitution by the discipline inspection and supervision organs. “‘ Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets ’ The concept was written in party constitution, and party constitution made it clear that the main tasks of the party’s discipline inspection organs are to safeguard the party’s constitution and other internal party laws and regulations, check the implementation of the party’s line, principles, policies and resolutions, and assist the party’s committees in promoting comprehensive and strict governance of the party, strengthening party style construction, and organizing and coordinating anti-corruption work. " Cai Zhiqiang said, "The accountability of the discipline inspection and supervision organs for supervision and discipline in the field of ecological and environmental protection can be said to be checking the implementation of the party’s principles and policies, and also assisting the party Committee to promote the comprehensive and strict management of the party."

　　In practice, the discipline inspection and supervision organs are stepping up the accountability of supervision and discipline in the field of ecological environmental protection to protect the construction of ecological civilization. On the one hand, since the central environmental protection inspector was launched, discipline inspection and supervision organs at all levels have cooperated with the inspectors of the central environmental protection inspector group to keep a close eye on violations of laws and regulations in the environmental protection field; On the other hand, various localities have also introduced policies and measures to further clarify the responsibilities and working methods of discipline inspection and supervision organs in the field of ecological and environmental protection. For example, the Supervision Committee of the Beijing Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection incorporated the key work of environmental governance into the important content of two-level inspections in urban areas; If the Supervision Committee of Hainan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection has investigated and verified the ecological and environmental protection department and required accountability according to the regulations, it is required to intervene at the first time.

　　"Here, it is necessary to distinguish the responsibilities of the discipline inspection and supervision organs and the environmental protection departments. The environmental protection departments conduct business inspections on ecological and environmental issues in the front line, while the discipline inspection and supervision organs supervise and inspect the performance of relevant departments in environmental protection, which is the re-supervision of supervision." Party construction expert analysis.

　　Strictly investigate corruption cases and strengthen supervision over key areas and key links of environmental protection.

　　What areas of environmental protection system are prone to corruption? A notice can be seen in a glimpse: In February 2015, the former Ministry of Environmental Protection notified 13 cases of violations of laws and regulations by environmental protection personnel in 6 provinces, and many leading cadres were jailed for using their positions to make profits and accept bribes. By analyzing these 13 cases, it can be found that key areas such as environmental assessment approval, law enforcement supervision, solid waste management, environmental monitoring, and approval of special funds declaration have become prone to corruption.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Team of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection in the Ministry of Ecology and Environment said in an interview with the website of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection that there are three main characteristics of corruption cases investigated and dealt with in the country in recent years: First, major corruption cases mainly occur in important business areas such as environmental approval, project fund allocation, environmental law enforcement, environmental monitoring and solid waste management; Second, the amount involved is relatively large. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, cases involving more than 10 million yuan have occurred from time to time, which has a bad social impact. Third, there are many cases in the local environmental protection system, and there are many cases of group corruption, some of which have worsened the political ecology of one party.

　　Judging from the trend analysis, the person in charge believes that, on the one hand, with the comprehensive and strict administration of the party, serious corruption cases are generally declining. Taking 2017 as an example, the number of people in environmental protection departments suspected of committing crimes transferred to judicial organs decreased by 40% compared with 2016, and the national environmental protection system has achieved remarkable results in comprehensively administering the party strictly; On the other hand, problems such as "micro-corruption" and "four winds" are still outstanding. During the disciplinary review, the discipline inspection and supervision organs found that "micro-corruption" problems, such as human supervision, human law enforcement, profit from supervision and assessment, and eating and taking cards, private use of buses, accepting banquets and other hidden violations of the spirit of the eight central regulations and inaction are still outstanding. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the number of people in environmental protection departments who have been lightly punished by Party discipline has been increasing year by year, with an average annual increase of 61%.

　　"The investment in eco-environmental engineering construction will continue to increase, and the risk of clean government in law enforcement and engineering will be significantly improved." The person in charge stressed that we must attach great importance to this, adhere to both the symptoms and the root causes, effectively reduce the stock of corruption, and resolutely curb the increase of corruption.

　　Party construction experts said that in view of the characteristics of corruption cases in the environmental protection system in recent years, the discipline inspection and supervision organs should strengthen supervision over key areas and key links, and form a shock to hell to pay, who violates discipline and law; Relevant departments should also improve the loopholes in the system and further reduce the space for corruption in the fields of environmental examination and approval, project fund allocation and environmental protection law enforcement.

　　Strong accountability and hard accountability, and promote the responsibility of ecological environmental protection.

　　"The ecological environment has obviously improved, and the determination, strength and effectiveness of promoting ecological civilization construction have never been greater. The prevention and control actions of air, water and soil pollution have achieved remarkable results." The Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2017 summed up the ecological and environmental protection work in the past five years. In the joint effort to achieve such results, serious accountability is indispensable.

　　In March this year, the second batch of seven provinces and cities, including Beijing, Shanghai and Hubei, which accepted the central environmental protection supervision, made public the accountability of the cases handed over by the inspector group, with a total of 1048 people accountable. Liu Youbin, spokesperson of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that seven provinces and cities paid attention to investigating leadership responsibility, management responsibility and supervision responsibility, especially highlighting leadership responsibility, which played an important role in continuously strengthening the awareness of environmental protection responsibility of local party committees and governments.

　　Practice has proved that the key to whether the responsibility of ecological environmental protection can be implemented lies in leading cadres. Behind some major ecological and environmental incidents, there are often problems of irresponsible inaction of leading cadres, problems of weak environmental awareness, inadequate performance of duties and lax enforcement, and problems of inadequate enforcement and supervision of environmental protection departments.

　　With the continuous improvement of the central government’s requirements for the construction of ecological civilization, the improvement of environmental protection laws and regulations and the enhancement of people’s awareness of environmental protection, the responsibility for damage to the ecological environment has also been continuously strengthened: in March, 221 people in Hubei Province were seriously held accountable for damage to the ecological environment; In May, Changchun reported six typical cases of accountability in the field of environmental protection; In May, Chengdu reported five typical cases of accountability in the field of ecological environmental protection … …

　　At the same time, the system construction has been continuously improved: in August 2015, the Central Office and the State Council issued the "Measures for Investigating the Responsibility of Party and Government Leading Cadres for Ecological Environment Damage (Trial)", which used the system to guide and standardize the use rights of leading cadres and drew a red line of responsibility for leading cadres in the field of ecological environment; In December 2016, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Measures for Evaluation and Assessment of Ecological Civilization Construction Goals", clarifying that if the evaluation and assessment results are distorted due to malpractice for personal gain, false reporting, tampering with data, and falsification of information, the discipline inspection and supervision organs and organizations (personnel) departments shall seriously investigate the responsibilities of relevant units and personnel in accordance with relevant regulations.

　　Various localities have also introduced measures to strengthen the accountability of discipline inspection and supervision organs in the field of environmental protection, such as Hunan’s new regulations on the responsibility of environmental protection and the measures for investigating the responsibility of major environmental problems (incidents); Sichuan has made clear the system of "lifelong investigation" of the responsibility for ecological environmental damage, and strengthened the responsibility of the party and government for ecological environmental protection.

　　"The vitality of the system lies in its implementation, which is inseparable from the great attention of party committees and governments at all levels. Discipline inspection and supervision organs, organization (personnel) departments and relevant regulatory departments do their respective duties, form joint efforts, and pursue responsibility to the end." Cai Zhiqiang said.

CCTV News:Under the wave of digitalization and intelligence, artificial intelligence, that is, AI, has penetrated into many aspects of our lives and has become an important direction of future industrial development. To this end, many colleges and universities in China not only set up specialties and colleges related to artificial intelligence, but also keep up with the needs of the industry and actively promote the cultivation of cross-border talents combining artificial intelligence with other disciplines.

Harbin Institute of Technology is one of the earliest universities in China to carry out research in the field of artificial intelligence. In order to strengthen the training of relevant talents, in 2019, Harbin Institute of Technology set up an artificial intelligence major, and this year it further established an artificial intelligence college.

According to the training plan, in the College of Artificial Intelligence, the first and second academic years of undergraduates mainly focus on strengthening basic courses related to artificial intelligence, and the third academic year is classified and trained according to personal growth needs, which is divided into three directions: AI technology, AI system and AI application, and the fourth academic year is personalized and independent development.

In a laboratory of the School of Artificial Intelligence of Harbin Institute of Technology, students from different R&D groups are experimenting with their own topics, such as robots, robot dogs and robot cars, which are also the teaching processes that every undergraduate will experience.

The University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, located in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, began enrolling students in its artificial intelligence major in 2019.

The teacher in charge of teaching told us that the traditional computer major courses are more inclined to the underlying operating system and compilation principles, while the artificial intelligence major pays more attention to the application of interdisciplinary subjects and the interactive behavior related to people, so it has higher requirements for mathematics.

As a hot subject focused on the development of various countries at present and in the future, the major related to artificial intelligence is undoubtedly very attractive to candidates, but whether to apply for the exam needs to be combined with their own actual situation.

Talent gap, high skill requirements, high salary in artificial intelligence industry.

Due to the strong development momentum of artificial intelligence related industries, the demand for talents by enterprises in related fields continues to rise, and the monthly salary of some popular positions even exceeds 20,000 yuan this year.

In an artificial intelligence laboratory in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, not only on-the-job engineers, but also many college students participate in project research and development and innovation. The person in charge of the laboratory voice team told the reporter that with the wider application scenarios of general artificial intelligence, more and more professional backgrounds of talents are needed. Therefore, the laboratory has strengthened cooperation with universities, providing internship opportunities for students majoring in computer, electronic information engineering, data science and other related majors, and enabling more new forces to empower the development of the laboratory.

In a cyber security technology research and development enterprise in Harbin, Heilongjiang, the person in charge of human resources said that at present, enterprises especially need practical talents with innovative ability. Therefore, the demand for recruitment of students with professional backgrounds such as artificial intelligence, big data and big models continues to rise.

The data shows that in the first quarter of this year, the demand for employment in artificial intelligence-related industries continued to rise. Among them, the number of recruitment positions for natural language processing engineers increased by 126% year-on-year, and the average monthly salary for recruitment reached 24,535 yuan, up by 12% year-on-year.

The hot market in the job market has also made the popularity of artificial intelligence-related majors continue to climb. Among them, software engineering and computer science and technology have been shortlisted as "Top 10 Hot Majors" for many years, and the employment salary of graduates has also remained at a high level; Graduates with professional backgrounds such as data science and big data technology are popular in many industries such as the Internet and finance, ranking fourth in the monthly income ranking of undergraduates in 2023, with employment satisfaction reaching 79%; Internet of Things Engineering and other related majors provide a broad employment direction for graduates because they cover hardware equipment, software development, network architecture and other aspects, and the employment satisfaction of the 2023 undergraduate graduates of this major has also reached 75%.

　　Cctv newsAccording to the website of the Central Meteorological Observatory, meteorological monitoring showed that in the past day, rainfall was mainly concentrated in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei and Henan, and there were heavy rains in Guangyuan, Bazhong, Nanchong, Dazhou, Chengkou, Kaizhou, Wuxi, Xiangyang, Jingmen, Hubei, Zhumadian, Henan and Taian, Shandong. In addition, strong convective weather such as 8 ~ 10 thunderstorms or hail occurred in central and eastern Inner Mongolia, southwestern Heilongjiang, Jilin, northern Liaoning and western Shandong.

　　On the morning of the 19th, the Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a yellow rainstorm warning and a blue severe convective weather warning: from day to night, there were heavy rainstorms in southern and eastern Sichuan Basin, southeastern Shaanxi, northern Hubei, most of Henan, south-central Shandong, north-central Anhui, and north-central Jiangsu, and heavy rainstorms (100-180 mm) occurred in parts of southeastern Henan, northern Anhui, and northern Jiangsu. Some of the above areas are accompanied by short-term heavy rainfall (the maximum hourly rainfall is 30 ~ 50 mm, and the local area can exceed 60 mm). Some areas in southern Shandong, eastern and southern Henan, central and northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu, northern Hubei and southeastern Sichuan will have 8-10 thunderstorms or hail weather.

　　Meteorologists reminded that today is the strongest period of this round of heavy rainfall, with strong rain in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Lu Yu and other places, and some areas are accompanied by strong convective weather such as thunderstorms, strong winds and hail. It is suggested that the public pay close attention to the forecast and early warning information in the near period to prevent secondary disasters caused by heavy rain, and avoid going out during the period of concentrated strong convective weather, stay away from temporary structures such as billboards and scaffolding, and close doors and windows indoors.

　　From tomorrow to the day after tomorrow, there will be heavy rainfall in Sichuan Basin, southern Shaanxi and western Hubei. On the 20 th, there was heavy rain or heavy rain in northeastern Sichuan, southwestern Shaanxi and central and northern Chongqing; On the 21st, there were heavy rains in central and eastern Chongqing, southwestern Hubei, northwestern Hunan and northeastern Guizhou. The public should be alert to flash floods, geological disasters and floods in small and medium-sized rivers that may be caused by continuous rainfall, and avoid going to areas prone to geological disasters.

　　In addition, today and tomorrow, some areas in Inner Mongolia, North China, Northeast China and other places will be affected by cold air and there will be strong winds and cool weather. It is recommended that the public take cold and warm measures; The first frost will appear in parts of Northeast China from the night of 19th to the early morning of 20th.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress: "Without a solid material and technical foundation, it is impossible to build a socialist modern power in an all-round way." Building a modern industrial system is a major strategic deployment made by the CPC Central Committee from the height of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. We should seriously study and profoundly understand the great significance of this strategic deployment, accurately grasp the principle requirements, solidly promote the construction of a modern industrial system, and lay a solid material and technical foundation for building a socialist modernization power in an all-round way and realizing the goal of the second century.

　　First, fully understand the great significance of building a modern industrial system

　　(A) building a modern industrial system is an inevitable requirement to promote high-quality development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China’s industrial structure has been continuously adjusted and optimized, and the industrial system has become more complete, which has strongly supported the building of a well-off society in an all-round way. Entering a new stage of development, new changes in the development environment at home and abroad and the new mission of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way have put forward new requirements for economic development. China’s economic development has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and it is undergoing quality change, efficiency change and power change. To promote high-quality development, it is required to shift from quantitative expansion to qualitative improvement, put the quality of development in a more prominent position, strive to improve the quality of development, and form a high-quality and diversified industrial supply system. Promoting high-quality development requires continuously optimizing the allocation of production factors, continuously improving labor efficiency, capital efficiency, land efficiency and resource efficiency, continuously improving total factor productivity, and forming an efficient industrial supply system. High-quality development is the development in which innovation becomes the first driving force. It requires changing from relying mainly on resources and low-cost labor to innovation-driven, speeding up the conversion of old and new kinetic energy, constantly improving the industrial basic capacity, promoting the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries, cultivating strategic emerging industries with international competitiveness, and establishing a modern industrial system with high quality and high efficiency.

　　(2) Building a modern industrial system is an urgent need to win the initiative of big countries. At present, the international economic and political structure has undergone profound and complex changes, and the competition among big countries is becoming increasingly fierce. Geopolitical factors and epidemic shocks are accelerating the adjustment of global industrial division of labor to regionalization and diversification. Industrial competition has become the main battlefield of great power competition, and the modern industrial system has become the most critical "winner". China’s industrial chain as a whole is at the low end, big but not strong, wide but not deep. We must speed up the construction of a modern industrial system and build a complete and resilient industrial chain supply chain in order to firmly grasp industrial security, economic security and national security in our own hands. At the same time, although China’s industrial system is large in scale and numerous in categories, there are still many "breakpoints" and "blocking points". In particular, China’s industrial development faces outstanding problems such as external repression and containment that may be upgraded at any time, and key core technologies are subject to people. Only by seizing the opportunity of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation to reshape the global economic structure, speeding up the construction of a modern industrial system, improving the ability of independent innovation, filling in the shortcomings and weaknesses, strengthening the strengths of the long board, and seizing the commanding heights of future industrial competition, can we be invincible in the competition of big countries.

　　(3) Building a modern industrial system is an important measure to build a socialist modern country in an all-round way. Modern industry is an important symbol of a modern country. Countries that have realized modernization, such as Europe, America and Japan, have successively experienced scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and successfully cultivated their own modern industries. However, some countries have been among the high-income countries for a short time by relying on their resource advantages, but in the end they all "fell behind" because they did not have modern industries, and even fell into the "middle income trap". Our party takes the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as its own responsibility and has long been committed to promoting the construction of a modern country. Industrial modernization has always been an important goal and task of China’s modernization drive. As early as 1954, Zhou Enlai put forward the goal of building modern industry, agriculture, transportation and national defense at the First National People’s Congress. In 1964, China proposed to establish an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system after three five-year planning periods, and then fully realize the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology. Since the reform and opening up, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the achievements made in China’s socialist modernization are inseparable from China’s continuous promotion of industrial modernization. Entering a new stage of development, building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and improving economic strength and scientific and technological strength, we must firmly grasp the key of industrial modernization and consolidate the material and technological foundation of modern industrial system.

　　Second, accurately grasp the principles and requirements of building a modern industrial system

　　(1) Persist in promoting new industrialization. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, the Communist Party of China, put forward that the focus of economic development should be on the real economy and new industrialization should be promoted. This is the general goal of building a modern industrial system in the new era and new journey. To implement this requirement, we must firmly grasp the real economy, resolutely reverse the tendency of "deviating from reality to emptiness", guide all kinds of factor resources to concentrate on the real economy, especially the manufacturing industry, and promote the strategic transformation of the manufacturing industry from quantitative expansion to quality improvement. It is necessary to strengthen the guidance of high-end industries, promote industrial transformation and upgrading, develop high-end manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing, cultivate leading industries with core competitiveness, build a strategic and overall industrial chain, form an industrial system with stronger innovation and higher added value through open cooperation, and accelerate the construction of a manufacturing power, a quality power, a space power, a transportation power, a network power and a digital China, so as to comprehensively improve the modernization level of the industrial system.

　　(2) Adhere to the strategic guiding role of national development planning. Guiding industrial development with planning is the institutional advantage of China’s socialist market economy. It is necessary to do a good job in overall planning and top-level design to enhance the sense of direction and guidance. Adhere to the combination of goal-oriented and problem-oriented, clarify the priority of development, and continue to exert efforts to supplement shortcomings and strengths to enhance accuracy and effectiveness. Coordinate overall planning with highlighting key points, formulate a clear timetable and road map for the established goals, advance steadily and step by step, and avoid rushing headlong into mass action and disorderly competition; Consider the development needs and practical ability, medium-and long-term goals and short-term goals as a whole, and do something different. It is necessary to strengthen the system concept, pay attention to the internal correlation of various industries and elements, coordinate the development of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the industrial chain and large, medium and small enterprises, coordinate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and the cultivation and growth of emerging industries, and improve the overall level of the industrial system.

　　(3) Insist on correctly handling the relationship between the government and the market. Market is the driving force of industrial development. It is necessary to give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and strive to optimize the industrial development environment. Strict fair competition review, strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition, get rid of local protection and administrative monopoly, continuously eliminate regulations and practices that hinder the unified national market and fair competition, and reduce direct intervention in microeconomic activities. Adhere to equal access, fair supervision, openness and order, honesty and law-abiding, build a unified national market, and accelerate the construction of a high-standard market system. Strengthen the basic position of fair competition policy, strengthen the coordination between industrial policy and competition policy, accelerate the construction of an industrial policy system conducive to the construction of a modern industrial system, improve industrial regulations and departmental rules, improve the channels for enterprises to participate in industrial policy formulation, and strengthen the integration of policy design and implementation methods with international common rules.

　　(4) Adhere to the leading position of enterprises in the construction of modern industrial system. Enterprise is the micro-subject and important carrier of industrial development. It is necessary to stimulate the development momentum and vitality of all kinds of enterprises and strengthen their dominant position. Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, speed up the layout optimization and structural adjustment of state-owned economy, improve the core competitiveness of enterprises, and enhance the leading role of state-owned enterprises in the construction of modern industrial system. Optimize the development environment of private enterprises, protect the property rights and entrepreneurs’ rights and interests of private enterprises according to law, carry forward the entrepreneurial spirit, and make the vast number of private enterprises become the new force in the construction of modern industrial system. Support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and specialized new enterprises, and vigorously cultivate leading enterprises with leading power in industrial ecology and "single champion" enterprises with control over industrial chain nodes. Encourage state-owned enterprises and private enterprises to carry out various forms of cooperation to form industrial clusters with coordinated development of large, medium and small enterprises.

　　(5) Insist on building industrial development on the support of science and technology. Science and technology is the key to industrial competitiveness. The history of industrial development in various countries shows that strong science and technology leads to strong enterprises, and strong enterprises lead to strong industries. To build a modern industrial system, we must take strengthening scientific and technological innovation as the top priority, so that industrial development has strong scientific and technological support. It is necessary to give full play to the advantages of the new national system under the socialist market economy, strengthen technical research, and overcome a number of key core technologies that are subject to people in the fields of high-end chips, operating systems, new materials and major equipment. Strengthen the deep integration of Industry-University-Research led by enterprises, strengthen the goal orientation, and improve the level of transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the dominant position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises, and promote the deep integration of talent chain in innovation chain industrial chain. Guide enterprises to increase investment in research and development, attract high-end scientific and technological talents, and encourage enterprises to strengthen applied basic research and cutting-edge technology research and development. Strengthen the construction of common technology platform and speed up the solution of key common technologies that restrict industrial development. Focus on the frontier of future scientific and technological competition, promote the first breakthrough in the fields of information technology, biotechnology and artificial intelligence, and seize the leading role in future industrial development.

　　Third, the key tasks of solidly promoting the construction of a modern industrial system

　　(1) Consolidate the leading position of advantageous industries. China’s industrial system is relatively complete, which plays an important role in the global division of labor system and the industrial chain supply chain system. Some industries have been in the leading position in the world and become the cornerstone of supporting China’s international competitiveness. We must consolidate and give full play to this advantage. It is necessary to implement the industrial base reengineering project, and improve the quality and technical performance of basic products around core basic components and basic manufacturing processes, basic electronic components, key basic materials and key basic software. Implement major technical equipment research projects to enhance the advantages of the whole industrial chain in the fields of high-speed rail, power equipment, new energy and communication equipment. Guide and support traditional industries to accelerate the application of advanced and applicable technologies, increase investment in technological transformation and equipment, upgrade traditional industrial chains with new technologies and new formats, and promote the high-end, intelligent and green development of manufacturing. In the field of relationship security development, we will speed up the filling of shortcomings, enhance the ability to ensure the supply of strategic resources, and ensure the normal operation of the economy in extreme cases.

　　(2) Promote the development of strategic emerging industries integration clusters. Strategic emerging industries are pioneering, represent the direction of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and are the decisive force to lead the country’s future industrial development. Integration and clustering is a new model of industrial development and a new trend of new industrialization. It is necessary to seize the development opportunities of strategic emerging industries, promote the deep integration of informatization and new industrialization, and vigorously develop strategic emerging industries with high scientific and technological content, strong market competitiveness, great driving role and good economic benefits. We will build a number of internationally competitive advanced industrial clusters in the fields of information technology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment and environmental protection, and build a number of new growth engines with their own characteristics, complementary advantages and reasonable structure. It is necessary to plan future industries in a forward-looking way, strengthen the multi-path exploration and cross-integration of cutting-edge technologies and subversive technologies, actively shape future technology application scenarios, cultivate and incubate a number of future industries, and strive to seize the commanding heights of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation.

　　(3) Building a new service industry system with high quality and high efficiency. Modern service industry has become the leading industry and accounts for a large proportion, which is an important feature of modern industrial system. It is necessary to focus on the needs of industrial transformation and upgrading, give play to the key role of scientific and technological innovation and high-quality and efficient services, and promote the extension of producer services to specialization and high-end value chain. Accelerate the development of modern service industries such as research and development, design, consulting, patents, brands, logistics, law and finance, promote the deep integration of modern service industries with advanced manufacturing industries and modern agriculture, and promote a virtuous circle of science and technology, industry and finance. Adapt to the needs of residents’ consumption upgrading, promote the development of life service industry to high quality and diversification, and accelerate the development of health, pension, childcare, culture, tourism, sports, housekeeping, property management and other service industries to better meet the needs of people’s high-quality life. It is necessary to deepen the reform and opening up in the service sector, further relax market access, build a coordinated and efficient modern service industry supervision system, and continuously improve the quality and efficiency of the service industry.

　　(4) Building an efficient and smooth circulation system. Circulation connects production and consumption. Efficient and smooth circulation system, promoting production efficiency and deepening industrial division of labor, is an indispensable and important part of modern industrial system. It is necessary to promote the hardware and software construction of modern circulation system as a whole, develop new circulation technologies, new formats and new models, improve the system norms and standards in the circulation field, and reduce logistics costs. It is necessary to improve the logistics network of bulk goods and containers that are suitable for industrial layout and consumption pattern, develop railway container transportation in an orderly manner, promote the high-quality development of road freight, strengthen the capacity building of air freight, and vigorously develop multimodal transport of goods. Accelerate the establishment of a modern cold chain logistics system that is smooth, efficient, safe, green, intelligent, convenient and powerful, improve the layout of national backbone cold chain logistics bases, strengthen the construction of production and marketing cold chain collection and distribution centers, and improve the quality and efficiency of cold chain logistics services. Develop modern postal express service, promote express delivery into villages and factories, build an international express transportation network, and promote the convenience of international delivery service. Improve the modern commercial circulation system and cultivate a group of modern circulation enterprises with global competitiveness. Accelerate the development of the Internet of Things, promote the digitalization, intelligent transformation and cross-border integration of the circulation system, cultivate and develop the emerging service industry of the Internet of Things, and realize the benign interaction and common development of online and offline.

　　(5) Accelerate the development of the digital economy. Digitalization is a new feature of the times, and the digital economy is becoming the key field of the new round of international competition. It is necessary to grasp the historical opportunity of a new generation of science and technology and industrial transformation with digital technology as the core, promote the deep integration of digital economy and real economy, empower the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and give birth to new industries, new formats and new models. Use the application of new Internet technologies to transform traditional industries in all directions, all angles and all chains, and accelerate the digital, networked and intelligent transformation of manufacturing, agriculture and service industries. We will speed up the establishment of basic systems and standards for data resource property rights, transaction circulation, cross-border transmission and security protection, promote the formation of a complete supply chain for data collection, mining, cleaning, labeling, storage and analysis, and promote the development and utilization of data resources. Improve the basic research and development capabilities of digital technology, accelerate the construction of a new generation of digital infrastructure such as mobile communications and data centers, and promote efficient communication, development and utilization of information. Give full play to the advantages of China’s market size, human resources and financial system, support the development and growth of digital enterprises, promote the healthy and sustainable development of platform economy, and build a digital industrial cluster with international competitiveness.

　　(6) Building a modern infrastructure system. Infrastructure is an important support for economic and social development, and modern infrastructure system is an important part of modern industrial system. It is necessary to build a modern socialist country in an all-round way, optimize the layout, structure, function and system integration of infrastructure, and build a modern infrastructure system. Strengthen the construction of network infrastructure such as transportation, energy and water conservancy, and serve to build a unified national market. Strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as railways, highways, water transport, aviation, pipelines and logistics, and accelerate the formation of an integrated transportation system. Accelerate the construction of a modern energy system, optimize the layout of power production and transmission channels, and enhance the capacity of new energy consumption and storage. Strengthen the construction of water conservancy infrastructure and build the main skeleton and artery of national water network. Accelerate the construction of new infrastructure such as 5G networks, data centers, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, and Internet of Things, and form a cyberspace with Internet of Everything, human-computer interaction, and integration of heaven and earth. Strengthen advanced information, science and technology, logistics and other infrastructure to support industrial upgrading, enhance the core competitiveness of the economy and promote high-quality development. Promote urban infrastructure construction and create a high-quality living space. Strengthen the construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure and promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Strengthen the construction of national security infrastructure and enhance the ability to cope with extreme situations. (This article Source: Economic Daily Author: Xue Feng)

　　CCTV News:Fire extinguisher is a common fire-fighting product. In the early stage of a fire, choosing a suitable fire extinguisher may avoid a bigger fire and minimize the loss. However, some lawless people have taken a wrong view of the fire extinguisher, an important fire fighting equipment.

　　Since November last year, the fire department of Harbin has received reports from the masses. A group of people wearing standard police uniforms went to hotels, small supermarkets and other places to carry out "fire inspection" on fire-fighting products such as fire extinguishers. After the inspection, they began to sell fire extinguishers to businesses.

　　After receiving reports from the masses, the fire supervision and inspection personnel found during the inspection that the maintenance unit written on the maintenance certificate of these fire extinguishers was Jinjiang Fire Equipment Distribution Department in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province. Harbin Fire Brigade immediately retrieved the list of third-class qualified enterprises in Heilongjiang Province, and found that there was no such enterprise named Jinjiang Fire Equipment Distribution Department in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province.

　　Subsequently, when firefighters sampled these fire extinguishers and took them to the National Fire Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center for testing, it was found that the dry powder in the fire extinguishers could not meet the requirements of fire extinguishing at all, and the pressure in some fire extinguishers did not meet the national standards at all, which was an unqualified product.

　　The fire department reported the findings to the Harbin Public Security Bureau. After the public security department took surveillance video and visited and investigated, the whereabouts of the two suspects were found.

　　Subsequently, the police confirmed the appearance and activity track of the suspects Sun and Zhu through further interviews and investigations. At the same time, they also found cheating tools and counterfeit fire extinguishers stored in their garages. After confirming the evidence, the police arrested two suspects.

　　After investigation, the police found a large number of fire extinguishers that needed to be replaced in the suspect’s garage. In addition, dark blue uniforms, epaulettes, armbands, etc. were also found. According to the criminal suspect, the annual inspection stickers with the words "Jinjiang Fire Equipment Distribution Department, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province" posted on the fire extinguisher were all purchased from the Internet. Since April last year, they have been engaged in this illegal act, and have made illegal profits of more than 100,000 yuan. At present, the two suspects have been detained in criminal detention and the case is still under further investigation.

Although the upheaval in the Middle East continues, the "Arab Spring", which was full of passion and optimism, has been gradually replaced by pessimism, suspicion and anger, and even has the saying of "Arab Autumn" or "Arab Winter". It starts with a bang and ends with a scribble, which is a true portrayal of the chaos in the Middle East in the past year.

On December 17th, 2010, the self-immolation of a hawker in Tunisia triggered a "butterfly effect", which not only caused Ben Ali, who had been in power for 23 years, to step down, but also triggered an unprecedented political turmoil throughout West Asia and North Africa. Almost all Arab countries were involved in it, and several strongmen’s regimes that had been in power for decades were overthrown, and the turmoil has not been completely settled. So far, this vigorous political upheaval has been going on for a whole year, and people are still full of doubts about the related issues related to the upheaval in the Middle East, so it is necessary to make a comprehensive inventory.

The political ecology in the Middle East is beyond recognition, and different types of countries face different situations.

After experiencing the "Arab turmoil" like big waves, the political ecology in the Middle East has changed beyond recognition: Tunisia, Egypt, Yemen, Libya and other countries have changed their dynasties, the Syrian Bashar regime is facing an unprecedented severe test, and the Gulf monarchy represented by Saudi Arabia is temporarily safe and sound. In countries where political upheaval has taken place, the intensity and intensity of the turmoil are also different: there has been no major bloodshed in the alternation of political power in Egypt, Tunisia and other countries; The regime change in Libya, Syria, Yemen and other countries has evolved into a full-scale armed conflict with heavy weapons, highlighting the true nature of jungle politics.

This raises a question, which type of country is most prone to turmoil, and what causes such a huge difference in the way of regime change? According to people’s general understanding, the more advanced the regime, the more stable the political situation should be. The Republic is obviously more advanced than the monarchy, so according to this logic, the former should be more stable than the latter. However, the reality of the turmoil in the Middle East is just the opposite. Up to now, the regime in the Middle East has basically collapsed or suffered a serious crisis, while Jordan and the Gulf monarchies, which implemented the traditional monarchy and were the least optimistic in advance, have survived safely to this day. Some people think that this is related to the wealth of the country, but this cannot explain why Libya, which is also a rich country, has political turmoil and even regime change, while the Gulf countries can survive; The same poor countries, why Egypt and Yemen are in serious turmoil, while Jordan is safe and sound. Therefore, it is obviously not enough to simply explain the turmoil in the Middle East from the perspective of people’s livelihood.

Which countries in the Middle East are more prone to turmoil is directly related to their internal social and political structures. On the surface, the regimes in the Middle East countries are divided into two categories: republic and monarchy, but there is not much difference between the two regimes in terms of actual governance. If we can see the essence through the phenomenon, we can find that there are actually three types of political ruling structures in Middle East countries, and the degree of turmoil in Middle East countries is directly related to this.

The first type is the isomorphic elite rule mode in which a few elites rule the majority of the people, such as Egypt and Tunisia.

Tribes/sects in such countries are not strong in color, and there is no difference between those in power and their powerful state departments and the people on the issue of identity and ownership. Therefore, the contradiction between those in power and the people in such countries is mainly class contradiction, and the nature of regime change in such countries is relatively simple. Although the confrontation is fierce, it is not a "zero-sum game" to the death. For example, after Egypt’s Mubarak mobilized troops to enter Cairo’s Tahrir Square, the protesters welcomed the troops, and the troops refused to shoot at the people. Mubarak felt that the general situation was over and took the initiative to resign, so that the regime change in the country was completed in a bloodless way. At the same time, the Republican system of government in these countries determines that the highest power of the country belongs to the state apparatus, and both those in power and the people recognize the fact that "family inheritance" is illegal from the bottom of their hearts, so such attempts by those in power can only be half-covered and half-covered, and they are often pushed down.

The second type is the alien elite rule mode in which minority tribes and sects are in power, such as Libya, Syria, Yemen and Iraq before.

The consciousness of tribes or sects in these countries is quite distinct, most of the people in power belong to a certain tribe or sect, and most of the members of their power core circle come from the same tribe or sect, and the policy of governance also gives priority to the interests of their own tribes and sects. For example, there are hundreds of tribes in Libya, and Gaddafi’s elite armed forces and even personal guards all come from their own Kadafa tribe, and the oil interests are mainly tilted towards this tribe. There are about 200 tribes in Yemen, mainly divided into four tribal alliances. Saleh has been able to sit on the presidency for more than 30 years precisely because he comes from the most powerful "Hashed" tribal alliance in Yemen.

This specific social and political structure makes those in power form a "concentric circle" sectarian tradition and the rules of the game. They are endlessly and unconditionally loyal to their own people, but have no sympathy for people and regions outside the tribe. They regard other tribes as their legitimate victims and can plunder or kill them at will. Reflected in real politics, it is that those in power tend to take high-handed measures against the opposition, rather than sit down and negotiate on an equal footing. In their minds, if the opposition is not suppressed, people will think that he is weak and will lose respect. This tribal opposition and violent tendency can well explain why seemingly normal political protests in these countries have rapidly evolved into deadly violent confrontation.

The third is the traditional elite rule mode, mainly hereditary monarchy countries, such as Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Morocco.

In terms of political structure, the rulers of these countries include all kinds of elites in traditional society. For example, Saudi Arabia is a political marriage between the Saudi royal family and Wahhabi Sect, and its members hold important positions in various government agencies, which makes the government have strong executive power. From the perspective of economic structure, most of these countries are rich oil-producing countries, and the source of their wealth is underground resources instead of taxing the people. On the contrary, the government has to provide various benefits to the people, thus forming a kind of "asylum system" rule. As the saying goes, "no taxes, no representation", the people do not have much confidence to demand more political rights. In addition, the founding of such countries is originally a "family rule" and hereditary rule. Therefore, if people want to rise up against such regimes, they often face the double obstacles of legalism and orthodoxy. In addition, these countries "turned over a new leaf" after this round of Middle East wave, vigorously promoted reforms, and even eased the antagonism of the domestic people.

To some extent, it is precisely because of the differences in social and political structure that different types of countries in the Middle East show different viability in the "Arab turmoil".

From "Arab Spring" to "Arab Autumn": Impact Assessment of Current Middle East Turbulence

Turbulence is widespread in the Middle East countries, which is largely due to the accumulation of internal disadvantages, and has reached the point where it is necessary to change. Therefore, the "Arab turmoil tide" is not only a strong resistance to the status quo, but also an element of exploring new ways for national prosperity. In this sense, this "Arab turmoil" can indeed be called the "Arab Spring".

However, over the past year or so of turmoil in the Middle East, the effect of this kind of political exploration is obviously not satisfactory. From an economic point of view, the turmoil in the Middle East has aggravated the economic recession of these countries and may lead them into a vicious circle. According to the report released by the International Monetary Fund in October, the drastic changes in the Middle East have caused at least $55 billion in economic losses to the affected countries. Among them, Libya and Syria were the hardest hit, followed by Egypt, Tunisia, Bahrain and Yemen. The GDP of these countries has decreased by at least $20.6 billion, and the fiscal balance has deteriorated. Libya suffered the most, and the country’s economic activities basically stopped, with a GDP loss of $7.7 billion and a national financial loss of $6.5 billion. In Egypt, public expenditure increased to $5.5 billion in the first nine months of 2011, while fiscal revenue decreased by $75 million. In Yemen, riots caused losses of $858 million to government finances. In Tunisia, 80% of enterprises in the country were hit by the turmoil, which led to a sharp rise in the number of unemployed people, and now it has exceeded 700,000. At the same time, prices in the country have soared and some necessities are in short supply. The economies of Tunisia, Egypt and other countries are very dependent on tourism, and the domestic political turmoil has made many tourist attractions inaccessible, which has made the economic situation worse.

In the political field, although many countries have completed regime change, the political situation is still a mess. In Tunisia, statistics show that since March this year, there have been an average of 110 to 150 demonstrations or sit-ins and 150 to 180 traffic blocking incidents nationwide. After the completion of the parliamentary election in October 2011, the power struggle among political parties became increasingly fierce, which forced the parliament, which was sworn in shortly, to adjourn. In Libya, armed forces of different factions stationed in the capital Tripoli have clashed from time to time. In Womis, southwest of Tripoli, since December 10th, the local armed forces of Zintan and the local Mashashiya tribe have exchanged fire for three consecutive days. On December 10, the convoy of the chief of staff of the Transitional Government Army was attacked in Tripoli, and some officials accused Zintan militants of trying to "assassinate". On December 12th, the largest demonstration broke out in Benghazi after Gaddafi’s downfall. Tens of thousands of people took to the streets and shouted slogans such as "The revolution started in Benghazi and resolutely defended the fruits of the revolution" to express their strong dissatisfaction, indignation and disappointment with the "Transitional Committee". In Egypt, since the military took over the state power, domestic demonstrations still broke out frequently, resulting in casualties. Protesters, represented by youth organizations, demanded that the military hand over power as soon as possible, and held demonstrations several times to brew a "second revolution."

Middle East countries are in a "painful period" of breaking the old and establishing the new.

Middle East countries are still in chaos, partly because these countries are in a "painful period" of breaking the old and establishing the new, and it takes time and patience to return to normal. But the more important reason is that the medicine is not symptomatic. Arab countries are suffering from a "decline syndrome". Lebanese scholar Antoine Mesala once said, "There is no Arab regime that has a serious minority problem and a serious majority problem". According to the author’s understanding, the so-called minority problem is actually due to the lack of democracy and freedom (specifically, the lack of "freedom" rather than "democracy"), resulting in the neglect of the legitimate rights and interests of the minority; The so-called majority problem is actually that a few powerful people oppress and extract the majority people, which leads to polarization between the rich and the poor, rampant corruption and increasingly prominent class contradictions. At present, the Arab people are protesting, mainly because they have not solved the "majority problem". Therefore, in order to get the country out of the predicament and get on the right track, we should first strengthen the "people’s nature" of the political power. In other words, the key to measure the success of a revolution is not what kind of regime is implemented, but which class will come to power in the future and what kind of ideology will be implemented, that is, "what flag to raise and what road to take."

However, after the current Arab upheaval, for various reasons, the successor obviously did not seriously think about these core issues. Moreover, because the Arab people are tired of the strongman politics that has been maintained for many years, just as the pendulum will inevitably move in the opposite direction after moving in one direction, the political transformation in the Middle East is developing towards decentralization and democratization. Indeed, Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and other countries have made political reconstruction schedules and started the process of "political democratization" after completing the "regime change". But obviously, democratization will not automatically solve the "majority problem" of the country.

In fact, as early as the 1920s, some Arab countries (such as Egypt and Jordan) had established parliamentary democracy to varying degrees (this period was called the "free Arab period"). But it turns out that this system can’t solve all kinds of deep-seated problems facing the country. These democracies, which are talked about by some people, are actually a huge "tofu dregs project". In fact, no country in the third world has achieved national prosperity by first realizing democratization. On the contrary, many countries have lost their effectiveness and have to rely on external powers after implementing democratization. Based on this, it is not difficult to understand why most Arab countries pursued military/strongman politics during the most prestigious period in the world in the 1950s and 1960s. Therefore, hastily starting democratization will only lead this magnificent political movement astray.

From a practical point of view, the final result of this democratization movement of "only asking for votes, not asking for opinions" is to make the political Islamic forces that have been dormant for many years become the biggest beneficiaries. In Tunisia, the Baath Movement Party won 89 of the 217 seats in the Constituent Assembly election on October 23, 2011, becoming the largest party in the Constituent Assembly; In the first stage of Egypt’s elections, Islamic parties, mainly the Freedom and Justice Party of the Muslim Brotherhood and the Bright Party of the Salafist faction, won more than 60% of the votes, while the secular Egyptian League and the veteran Waffle Party only won 20% of the votes; Morocco’s House of Representatives held an early general election on November 25th, and the moderate Islamic party Justice and Development Party won 107 of the 395 seats, far ahead of other political parties. When the Libyan transitional government was established on November 24th, its leaders also indicated that Islam would be the legislative basis in the future.

The reason why Islamic forces can gain power is not that they represent some advanced productive forces or advanced culture, but largely because these countries have practiced high-handed rule for many years and there is no political opposition in the modern sense, thus enabling religious forces like the Muslim Brotherhood to accumulate strength and grow stronger. Are these Islamic forces capable of leading the country out of the predicament? From the perspective of class attributes, although the Muslim Brotherhood claims to represent the middle and lower classes, its top level is almost all billionaires, so it is doubtful whether its future policies can truly represent the lower classes. From the ideological point of view, its leading ideology is Islamic doctrine, but it is difficult to provide effective guiding principles for national modernization; From a historical perspective, these political Islamic forces have always played the role of "opponents", and it is doubtful whether they can lead the country out of the predicament and embark on the road of prosperity. Therefore, although the democratization of these countries is in full swing, people in Egypt and other countries continue to protest and try to carry out the "second revolution". Obviously, they are dissatisfied with this solution and try to find a new way to break through.

Western intervention has changed the nature of the "Arab turmoil" and the road to Arab revival has become more difficult.

The turmoil in the Middle East was originally an endogenous turmoil, which was mainly caused by internal factors, and the focus of public protests was mainly aimed at domestic authorities. However, because most of the countries in turmoil are pro-Western countries, the turmoil in the Middle East has greatly impacted the vested interests of the West that have been maintained in the Middle East for many years. After a short period of hesitation and vacillation, western countries began to take the opportunity to reshape the Middle East order, turn unfavorable factors into favorable ones, and safeguard their own interests to the maximum extent. Obviously, the western intervention in the Middle East obviously pursues "multiple standards": trying to protect the current regime in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries, encouraging and conniving the government to suppress popular protests; For Egypt, Tunisia, Yemen and other countries that are in serious turmoil and the situation is difficult to clean up, they will make use of the situation and try to bring their future trends into the western track; For Libya, Syria, Iran and other countries that are anti-western or have a bad relationship with the West, it will add fuel to the flames and even directly carry out military strikes. However, the external interference by the west for selfish purposes has made the regional situation more complicated.

In particular, the Libyan war launched by NATO in March 2011 marked the beginning of the political struggle in the Middle East and entered a new stage of western military intervention and forced shaping of the regional pattern. On the surface, the war was authorized by the United Nations. In fact, it not only ignored the spirit of regional organizations in Resolution 1973, but also exceeded the stipulation that Resolution 1973 only authorized the establishment of a "no-fly zone". NATO claimed to "prevent a humanitarian disaster", but before Libya’s war, there were only a few hundred casualties in internal conflicts, and the situation has basically subsided. The indiscriminate bombing and the expansion of the war in the West caused more than 30,000 deaths and more than 50,000 injuries in Libya, and a large number of basic facilities were destroyed. Therefore, it is essentially an unjust war. The internal contradictions in Libya were far from the need to change the dynasty, but the western military intervention forcibly changed the original political process of the country, which plunged Libya from a stable and rich country with the highest living standard in Africa into chaos. The political situation in Libya in the post-Gaddafi era is likely to become a vassal of the West and a bridgehead for advancing into Africa.

What is particularly lamentable is that such an unjust war of the West against Arab countries has actually been actively endorsed by many Arab countries, and even directly participated in the "encirclement" of the Qaddafi regime. We should know that if the Arab world wants to achieve national rejuvenation and get rid of the vicious circle, it is the basic premise to achieve internal Arab unity. The performance of most Arab countries in the Libyan war shows that the Arab world is getting farther and farther away from realizing the dream of national rejuvenation. This seemingly massive upheaval in the Middle East will not make the countries in the region truly embark on the road of revival, but will still be the victims of the politics of western powers. Facts also show that after the successful intervention in Libya, the appetite and confidence of the West to transplant the "Libya model" in the region doubled. Therefore, just after the end of the Libyan war, the West began to step up pressure on Syria and Iran, which made the situation in Syria and Iraq increasingly tense. Syria is located in the heart of the Arab world, and once its situation gets out of control, it is likely to cause unexpected turmoil throughout the Middle East.

Sow the dragon seeds, but reap the fleas. The turbulent upheaval in the Middle East was originally a progressive movement with civil rights, people’s livelihood and nationality as its main demands, but the nature of this "Middle East Wave" has become increasingly stale due to the combined effects of various negative factors inside and outside. Although the upheaval in the Middle East continues, the "Arab Spring", which was full of passion and optimism, has been gradually replaced by pessimism, suspicion and anger, and even has the saying of "Arab Autumn" or "Arab Winter". It starts with a bang and ends with a scribble, which is a true portrayal of the chaos in the Middle East in the past year.