On the morning of April 8th, at the invitation of Anhui Foreign Experts Bureau and our school, Professor Edvard I. Moser, winner of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, visited our school, accompanied by Pan Yaqun, member of the Party Group of Anhui Human Resources and Social Security Department and director of Anhui Foreign Experts Bureau. Vice President Chen Chusheng met with the guests. Xu Geliang, Dean of the First Affiliated Hospital of our school and Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee, and Professor Shen Yong from the College of Life Sciences attended the meeting.

　

Chen Chusheng first welcomed Professor Edvard I. Moser’s visit and introduced the general situation of the school. Subsequently, the two sides discussed the construction of the school’s life science and medicine department and related issues of brain research.　

　

　

After the talks, Professor Edvard I. Moser gave a report entitled The brain′s navigation system in the multimedia classroom of the third teaching building in the West District. The report was presided over by Professor Shen Yong, and Director Pan Yaqun made a speech before the meeting.　

　

　

Professor Edvard I. Moser vividly demonstrated the importance of the spatial positioning system of the brain to human life in ancient times through animation. Because the composition of the human brain is very complex, and mammals such as mice, rats and squirrel monkeys may have a common ancestor with humans in evolutionary history, and their brain structures are very similar, neuroscientists turned to the simpler mouse or rat brain for research. Then Professor Edvard I. Moser introduced the development history of the research on human brain location system, from the concept of cognitive map was put forward around 1930 to the discovery of location cells in hippocampus by Professor John O′Keefe around 1970. In 2005, Professor Edvard I. Moser’s team discovered another kind of grid cell for localization in the area of the entorhinal cortex near the hippocampus of the brain.　

　

　

Professor Edvard I. Moser emphasized that the localization mechanism of hippocampus and olfactory cortex is completely different. The grid cells in the olfactory cortex can form a consistent and universal map when the environment changes, while the map composed of the position cells in the hippocampus has undergone earth-shaking changes with the environment changes. Therefore, the brain location system has two parts: the accurate location map of grid cells (low-dimensional) and the diversified map of location cells (high-dimensional). From the perspective of evolution, integrating the information of two sets of maps to navigate seems to be an efficient solution for animal navigation system. The distance and direction measured by the grid formed in the medial olfactory cortex will not change as it moves from one compartment to another. On the contrary, the location cells in the hippocampus form an independent map for each individual compartment, which makes it possible to store all kinds of memories. In the entorhinal cortex, in addition to the grid cells, Professor Edvard I. Moser and his colleagues also found the head direction cells, boundary cells and velocity cells, which all serve the system of mapping the world where mammals live. Through a series of experiments and data, Professor Edvard I. Moser showed that there are cells in the medial entorhinal cortex that can sense their own direction and distance from external markers, and discussed the mechanism of the lateral entorhinal cortex to perceive time, and suggested that there may be time cells besides grid cells and position cells.　

　

Finally, Professor Edvard I. Moser pointed out that these studies are helpful for human beings to treat and understand Alzheimer’s disease, and the entorhinal cortex is one of the earliest brain regions in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. This disease causes degeneration of brain cells in the inner olfactory cortex, which eventually leads to cell death, which is consistent with the early symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease-disorientation of space and memory loss. With the increase of life expectancy, the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease is getting higher and higher. Professor Edvard I. Moser called for the joint efforts of related workers all over the world (from basic research to clinic) to cure and study the disease.

　

　

Professor Edvard I. Moser’s report gave us a deep understanding of the study of brain localization system. After the speech, the teachers and students present enthusiastically asked questions and exchanged ideas with Professor Edvard I. Moser.

　

During the visit, Professor Edvard I. Moser and his party visited the Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center and Brain Resource Bank (Brain Aging and Brain Diseases Research Center) of the School of Life Sciences of the University of Science and Technology of China with Professor Shen Yong, and offered their best wishes for the 60th anniversary of our school.　

　

　Edvard I. Moser, born in Norway in 1962, is now a Norwegian psychologist and neuroscientist, and the founding director of the Kafliko Institute of Systems Neuroscience and the Center for Memory Biology of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Mosor and his wife, Mai Britt Mosor, have led a series of cutting-edge research on brain mechanism in the past decades. In 2013, Edward Mosor won the Huo Weici Prize. In 2014, Edvard I. Moser, John O‘Keefe and May-Britt Moser won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.　

　

(Ministry of International Cooperation and Exchange)

Jing Zheng Fa [2021] No.20

District People’s governments, municipal government commissions, offices and bureaus, and municipal institutions:

　　The "Implementation Plan of Rural Revitalization Strategy in Beijing during the 14th Five-Year Plan" is hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement it carefully.

the people’s government of beijing city　　　　

July 31, 2021　　

Implementation Plan of Rural Revitalization Strategy in Beijing during the Tenth Five-Year Plan Period

foreword

　　The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five years for China to start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March towards the second century goal after building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the first century goal. It is also a crucial period for Beijing to implement its strategic positioning as a capital city and build a world-class harmonious and livable capital. If the nation is to be revived, the countryside will be revitalized. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that without the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, there would be no modernization of the whole country. The 15th Plenary Session of the 12th CPC Central Committee made it clear that Beijing should be at the forefront of the country and take the lead in basically realizing socialist modernization. Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, it is of great significance for Beijing to make a good start in basically realizing socialist modernization by scientifically planning the ideas, objectives and key tasks of implementing the rural revitalization strategy during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, giving priority to developing agriculture and rural areas and comprehensively promoting rural revitalization.

　　This plan implements the spirit of Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Comprehensively Promoting Rural Revitalization and Accelerating Agricultural and Rural Modernization, the 14th Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Outline of Long-term Goals in 2035, and implements the Promotion Law of Rural Revitalization in People’s Republic of China (PRC). According to the Beijing Urban Master Plan (2016 -2035), the Outline of the 14th Five-year Plan for Beijing’s National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-term Goals in 2035, and the Notice of the Beijing Municipal People’s Government of the CPC Beijing Municipal Committee on Printing and Distributing the Strategic Plan for Rural Revitalization in Beijing (2018-2022), the strategic intentions of the municipal party committee and the municipal government on the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers are systematically expounded.

I. Planning background

　　During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the city thoroughly implemented the important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers and the spirit of his important speech to Beijing. In accordance with the general requirements of industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance and affluent life, the city solidly promoted the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and introduced a series of policies and measures to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers and enrich farmers. The overall rural revitalization started well, laying a solid foundation for taking the lead in basically realizing agricultural and rural modernization.

　　(A) the basis for development

　　The task of improving rural human settlements has been completed in an all-round way, and significant progress has been made in the construction of beautiful countryside. The "Hundred Villages Demonstration and Thousand Villages Renovation" project has been implemented in depth, and the village planning has achieved "all compilation", and the domestic garbage treatment in administrative villages has basically achieved full coverage. The coverage rate of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities has reached more than 50%, and the coverage rate of harmless sanitary toilets has reached 99.3%. The integration of urban and rural water supply has been accelerated, and the construction of "four good rural roads" has achieved fruitful results. The work of "changing coal into clean energy" in rural areas has achieved remarkable results, and rural areas in plain areas have basically achieved "no coal".

　　Low-income farmers’ task of getting rid of poverty has been fully realized, and the ability of rural people’s livelihood security has been significantly enhanced. The "six batches" of precise assistance have achieved remarkable results, and the income of low-income farmers has completely crossed the line, and low-income villages have been completely eliminated. The level of social security continued to improve, and the basic pension, welfare pension and minimum living standard for urban and rural residents increased by 74.5%, 90.1% and 74.6% respectively compared with 2015. The quality of running schools in rural areas has been continuously improved, the primary medical and health service system has been continuously improved, facilities and services for the disabled and the elderly have been gradually improved, and the gap between urban and rural basic public services has been further narrowed.

　　The task of "turning around the festival" in agriculture has been fully completed, and the level of green development has been steadily improved. The utilization rate of chemical fertilizers increased from 29.8% in 2015 to 40.7%, the utilization rate of chemical pesticides increased from 39.8% to 44.2%, the utilization coefficient of irrigation water in farmland reached 0.735, and the coverage rate of agricultural products with "three products and one standard" reached 81.7%. Vegetables have achieved full coverage of improved varieties, and the contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress has reached 75%. A total of 38 beautiful leisure villages in China, 32 national key villages for rural tourism and 274 star-rated folk-custom tourist villages have been established, and there are 699 rural boutique homestay brands.

　　Rural reform was comprehensively promoted, and the system and mechanism of urban-rural integration development were initially established. We have formulated and promulgated "village area management" and guiding opinions on homestead and housing construction, and the management and control of rural collective land has been comprehensively strengthened. The issuance rate of the certificate of ownership of the contracted land reached 98.5%, the idle homestead was revitalized and utilized with initial results, and the pilot reform of collectively-operated construction land was successfully completed. The reform of the collective property rights system continued to deepen. The twinning cooperation mechanism between ecological conservation areas and plain areas has been formally established, and the support of public finance for "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" has been increasing.

　　The party’s leadership over rural work has been comprehensively strengthened, and the rural governance system has been continuously improved. The Municipal Party Committee set up a leading group for rural work, issued measures for the implementation of rural work regulations, and the "five-level secretary pays attention to rural revitalization" requires in-depth implementation. The new village "two committees" general election was completed, and the proportion of "one shoulder to shoulder" reached 91%. Party construction has led the reform of "whistle for reporting" and the mechanism of "handling complaints immediately" to deepen and expand in rural areas, and the rectification of party organizations in "weak and scattered villages" has made progress in stages. The new era civilization practice center (institute, station) realizes the full coverage of districts, towns and villages. The construction of rural spiritual civilization and farming culture has been continuously strengthened, and new achievements have been made in promoting the revitalization of rural culture. 72 villages and towns in the city were awarded the title of national civilized villages and towns, and 11 villages and towns were awarded the title of national rural governance demonstration villages and towns.

　　(2) The situation requires

　　The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the beginning of the new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and it is also the key period for Beijing to build a world-class harmonious and livable capital. Comprehensive analysis shows that the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in Beijing faces five opportunities: first, accelerating the construction of a new development pattern is conducive to deepening the understanding of the top priority of the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, taking the urban-rural economic cycle as the proper meaning of the domestic circular problem, releasing the investment space and demand of agriculture and rural areas, and giving better play to the role of agriculture and rural areas as "ballast stones" and "strategic backyard" in emergency response and new development; Second, to serve the functional construction of the "four centers" in the capital, enhance the service support ability for major events, and meet the demand for high-quality agricultural products of the citizens of the capital, which is conducive to deepening the structural reform of the agricultural supply side and accelerating the high-quality development of agriculture; Third, fully implement the new general regulations and deepen the pairing cooperation between ecological conservation areas and Pingyuan areas, which is conducive to strengthening agriculture with industry and rural areas with cities, accelerating the formation of a new type of relationship between workers, peasants and urban areas, and promoting the integration and development of urban and rural areas to be at the forefront of the country; Fourth, the coordinated development strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei is advancing in depth, which is conducive to optimizing the allocation of agricultural resources in a wider scope and building a "one-hour living security circle" around Beijing with a higher level of agricultural regional cooperation; Fifth, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, represented by digital technology and biotechnology, has developed in depth, which is conducive to building a "sophisticated" Beijing plate of agriculture, building smart agriculture and empowering agriculture to achieve leapfrog development.

　　At the same time, we should also be soberly aware that Beijing should take the lead in basically realizing socialist modernization and be at the forefront of the country. The most arduous and arduous task is still in the countryside, and the most prominent shortcoming is still the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. The development of agriculture and rural areas in the city is still facing a series of problems and challenges intertwined with the old and the new: the self-sufficiency rate of major "vegetable basket" products has been declining for many years, the ability of stable production and supply of important agricultural products needs to be consolidated and improved, the output of vegetables has declined for 17 consecutive years, and the self-sufficiency rate is less than 10%, and meat. The advantages of agricultural science and technology are not fully exerted, the quality of development is not high, the technical reserves of efficient facilities are insufficient, and the application scenarios of digital technology in the agricultural field are not many, and the transformation effect is not obvious. Rural infrastructure and public services are still weak, and there is still a big gap between rural planning and construction and the goal of being beautiful and livable. The domestic sewage treatment rate is 34 percentage points lower than the average level of the city, and the proportion of health technicians in village clinics is 65 percentage points lower than that in community health service centers. It is increasingly difficult for farmers to increase their income. The income ratio of urban and rural residents is 2.51∶1, ranking 22nd in the country. The absolute income gap has expanded from 32,290 yuan in 2015 to 45,476 yuan in 2020.

　　In the new stage of development, the work on agriculture, countryside and farmers is still extremely important, and we must not relax for a moment, so we must pay close attention to it. The work concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers in the whole city should be people-centered, with two overall situations in mind, enhance the awareness of opportunities and risks, establish the bottom line thinking, accurately grasp the new features and requirements of capital development, deeply understand the new opportunities and challenges faced by agricultural and rural development, handle the relationship between "capital" and "city", "city" and "township" as a whole, and make a good connection between agricultural and rural modernization and urban modernization on the basis of mutual demand, equality and reciprocity between urban and rural areas. Write a good article on the complementarity between urban and rural areas, cultivate opportunities and create new opportunities in better implementing the strategic positioning of the capital city and serving the function construction of the "four centers", constantly create a new situation in the development of the "three rural" undertakings in the capital with the first good standard, and embark on a road of rural revitalization with the characteristics of the capital.

Second, the overall requirements

　　(A) the guiding ideology

　　Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, implement the spirit of the 15th Plenary Session of the 12th Municipal Committee, promote the overall layout of "five in one", coordinate and promote the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, unswervingly implement the new development concept, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, and persist in strengthening the Party’s overall leadership over the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Firmly grasp the strategic positioning of the capital city, accurately grasp the market conditions and agricultural conditions of Beijing’s "big cities, small agriculture" and "small urban areas in the suburbs of Beijing", take the development of the capital as the guide, take the big cities as the development strategy, promote the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas as the theme, deepen the structural reform of the agricultural supply side as the main line, take reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force, and meet the people’s growing needs for a better life as the fundamental purpose. Taking strengthening the leadership of the Party as the fundamental guarantee, making overall plans for development and security, giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas, promoting rural revitalization in an all-round way, strengthening the use of industry to supplement agriculture and the use of cities to lead rural areas, accelerating the formation of a new type of relationship between workers and peasants, complementing each other, coordinating development and common prosperity between urban and rural areas, and promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, rural governance system and governance capacity with high quality.

　　(2) Basic principles

　　-Adhere to the Party’s leadership and gather strength for development. Unswervingly uphold and strengthen the party’s leadership over rural work, improve the party’s leadership system and mechanism for rural work, and provide a strong political guarantee for rural revitalization.

　　-Adhere to farmers as the main body and develop in an all-round way. Fully respect the wishes of farmers, widely mobilize their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, protect their rights and interests according to law, and let farmers have more sense of gain, happiness and security in rural revitalization.

　　-Adhere to the overall planning and integrated development of urban and rural areas. Adhere to the integrated development of urban and rural areas, focus on improving the institutional mechanisms and policy systems for the integrated development of urban and rural areas, promote more high-quality resource elements to flow to the countryside, and enhance the vitality of agricultural and rural development.

　　-persist in strengthening agriculture through science and technology and innovating development. Give full play to the scientific and technological advantages of the capital, implement the innovation-driven development strategy in depth, improve the independent innovation ability of agricultural science and technology and the level of transformation of achievements, and expand new space and add new kinetic energy for rural revitalization.

　　-Adhere to green ecology and high-quality development. Practice the Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets concept, adhere to the harmonious coexistence between man and nature, effectively change the development mode, and embark on a green and high-quality rural revitalization road with capital characteristics.

　　(3) Development goals

　　By 2025, rural revitalization has achieved important phased results, the institutional framework and policy system are basically sound, and breakthroughs have been made in the integration of urban and rural development. New achievements have been made in agricultural development, the agricultural foundation has become more stable, the self-sufficiency rate of important agricultural products has been significantly improved, the ability of science and technology to support the high-quality development of agriculture has been significantly improved, and the modern rural industrial system has basically taken shape, becoming a "cornucopia" for farmers to increase their income and become rich; New progress has been made in ecological livability, and the task of building beautiful countryside has been fully completed. The countryside has become a happy home and "meeting room" for ordinary people; New progress has been made in the revitalization of rural culture, and the degree of rural social civilization has been further improved, which has fully boosted farmers’ "spirit"; Rural people’s livelihood has reached a new level, the level of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas has improved significantly, and the income ratio of urban and rural residents has further narrowed, making farmers’ "money bags" bulging; The efficiency of rural governance has been improved, the party’s leadership over rural work has become stronger, the modern rural governance system combining autonomy, rule of law and rule of virtue has been improved, and the rural society has maintained harmony and stability.

　　By 2035, decisive progress will be made in rural revitalization, and the institutional mechanism for urban-rural integration and development will be comprehensively improved; Take the lead in basically realizing agricultural modernization and building a modern rural economic system; Take the lead in basically realizing rural modernization and build beautiful and livable villages in an all-round way; Take the lead in basically realizing the modernization of rural governance system and governance capacity, and the rural society is harmonious, prosperous and stable; The basic public services in urban and rural areas have been equalized, the gap between urban and rural regional development and the gap between residents’ living standards has been significantly reduced, the life of rural residents has been better, and all farmers have made substantial progress in common prosperity.

Third, promote the high-quality development of urban modern agriculture

　　Firmly hold the bottom line of agricultural development space, strengthen the market demand orientation, deepen the structural reform of agricultural supply side, strengthen the guidance of scientific and technological innovation, continuously enhance the ability of stable production and supply of important agricultural products, improve the quality and level of supply, dig deep into various functions and values of agriculture, and comprehensively improve agricultural efficiency and competitiveness.

　　(A) do a good job of "rice bags" and "vegetable baskets" to ensure stable production and supply.

　　Further consolidate the basic position of agriculture, firmly hold the "five million" agricultural basic plate, do a good job in the production of "rice bags" and "vegetable baskets", strive to improve the self-sufficiency rate and control of agricultural products such as vegetables and meat, and ensure the supply security of important agricultural products.

　　1. Keep one million mu of green grain and vegetables.

　　Adhere to the strictest farmland protection system, strictly observe the bottom line of 1.5 million mu of permanent basic farmland and 1.66 million mu of cultivated land, implement 2 million mu of cultivated land protection space, delimit the red line of permanent basic farmland and the bottom line of vegetable field area, and implement the strategy of "storing grain in the ground and storing grain in technology". We will fully implement the "long-term system", implement a list system for taking over and leaving office, and include the protection of cultivated land in the audit scope of natural resources assets of leading cadres. Take the measures of "long teeth", resolutely curb the "non-agricultural" of cultivated land, clean up and rectify the non-agricultural land within the scope of basic farmland, comprehensively carry out the verification and utilization of idle facilities and abandoned cultivated land, carry out special rectification actions for building houses in rural areas, basically complete the rectification of the stock problem before the end of 2022, and improve the long-term mechanism of daily supervision. Increase the construction of permanent basic farmland, effectively improve the fertility and quality of cultivated land, and promote the construction, transformation and upgrading of high-standard farmland. By 2025, the irrigation water utilization coefficient of farmland will be increased to above 0.75. We will implement the responsibility of the party and government for food security, decompose the indicators of grain sown area into districts, and create a number of high-yield demonstration parties to ensure that grain production will only increase at the level of 2020. We will build three vegetable industrial belts in the southeast, northeast and northwest, steadily increase the area of vegetable fields, strengthen the transformation and utilization of old facilities, improve the multiple cropping index, and build 100,000 mu towns, 100,000 mu villages and 1,000 mu gardens. Around the northwest, northeast and south of the Sixth Ring Road, a pilot project of 5,000 mu of agricultural land with efficient facilities will be carried out. By 2025, the output of vegetables will reach 2.2 million tons.The self-sufficiency rate has increased to over 20%.

　　2. Ensure that millions of pigs are slaughtered.

　　Stabilize pig production, increase support, promote industrial transformation and upgrading, and build a number of modern breeding enterprises. By 2025, the number of pigs in the city will be no less than 500,000, and more than 890,000 commercial pigs will be provided annually, achieving a self-sufficiency rate of pork of 10%. Build an efficient and green pig industry, speed up the resource utilization of aquaculture waste, and realize the combination of planting and breeding. Accelerate the construction of a modern aquaculture system and continue to stabilize the development of poultry, dairy cows, fisheries and other aquaculture industries. Coordinate the prevention and control of animal diseases, establish a high-level biosafety prevention and control system, form a three-layer biosafety barrier for cities, production areas and farms, and compact the main responsibility of disease prevention and control of breeding enterprises.

　　3. Optimize one million mu of high-quality fruit.

　　Promote the orchard "quality improvement and efficiency improvement" project, the modern fruit tree industry science and technology service support system and the construction of the "Jingzihao" fruit tree protection and utilization system, and promote key technologies such as variety optimization, soil improvement, water-saving irrigation, orchard mechanization and bee pollination. Focus on small varieties, cultivate big brands, build regional public brands of "Beijing Fruit", and build 50 demonstration bases for cherry, peach, grape, pear and apple varieties breeding and high-standard production. By 2025, the area of orchards for demonstration and promotion of new construction, renovation, quality improvement and efficiency improvement will reach 1 million mu.

　　4. Build a million mu of under-forest economy

　　Make scientific and efficient use of forest land resources, formulate implementation opinions to promote the high-quality development of under-forest economy, make scientific and efficient use of forest resources and green space, encourage the development of industries closely related to forest tourism, under-forest leisure, forest health, nature education, outdoor expansion, promote the development of green industries such as under-forest beekeeping, forest product collection and processing, and actively explore the industrial integration development model of "under-forest planting+natural experience". By 2025, a number of demonstration bases for under-forest economy will be built, and 1 million mu of forest land resources will be used efficiently, with a total output value of more than 2 billion.

　　5. Stabilize one million mu of foreign base.

　　Focusing on the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei agricultural cooperation project, we will build a number of automatic control bases for meat, eggs, vegetables and milk around Beijing and Tianjin, which will be connected with the agricultural product sales network in the capital to improve the market control rate of "vegetable basket" products. Strengthen the deep integration and development of grain production and marketing, and accelerate the construction of a four-hour grain logistics circle around Beijing. Encourage leading enterprises to build stable and controllable pig breeding and slaughtering and processing bases around Beijing and establish a "point-to-point" supply model. Establish a demonstration and transformation base for new crop varieties around Beijing and a breeding base for improved livestock and poultry. Support the development of Shuanghe Farm, the first agricultural farm in Heilongjiang, and Qinghe Farm in Tianjin. Deepen regional cooperation in agriculture and promote international exchanges and pragmatic cooperation in agriculture.

　　(B) the construction of agricultural "Zhongguancun"

　　Serve the country’s agricultural science and technology for self-reliance, incorporate agricultural science and technology innovation into the construction strategy of Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center, focus on promoting independent innovation and original innovation, and strengthen the support of modern agricultural science and technology and material equipment.

　　1. Create a highland for the development of modern seed industry

　　Give full play to Beijing’s advantages in science and technology and talents, accelerate the construction of a national seed science and technology innovation center, and build a "seed capital". Work out and implement the 10-year plan for the joint research of Beijing provenance "stuck neck", carry out the joint research of important variety breeding and provenance "stuck neck" technology, make positive progress in the independent control of important agricultural products provenance, and be a good seed industry to turn around and take the lead. Focus on innovative corn, wheat, vegetables, breeding pigs, laying hens, cows, Beijing ducks, peaches, native tree species and other dominant species, and select and promote a number of urban fine seeds and forest tree varieties. Actively undertake major scientific and technological projects of national agricultural biological breeding, promote the industrial application of biological breeding in an orderly manner, and do a good job in the construction of major projects such as the National Maize Seed Industry Technology Innovation Center. Implement the third national survey and collection of crop, livestock and poultry and aquatic germplasm resources, and establish a municipal agricultural germplasm resources protection system. Promote the deep integration of science and technology enterprises, cultivate a group of modern seed enterprises with influence in the country, and establish and improve the commercial breeding system. Rolling implementation of the three-year action plan for the development of modern seed industry.

　　2. Construction of agricultural science and technology innovation demonstration zone

　　Efforts will be made to build an agricultural "Zhongguancun", accelerate the construction of Pinggu agricultural science and technology innovation demonstration zone with the agricultural science and technology innovation center as the engine, and form a "one core and multiple radiation" collaborative innovation development pattern in the city. In-depth development of rural revitalization of science and technology support action. Focus on modern seed industry, efficient agricultural facilities, intelligent equipment, digital agriculture and other key areas, and develop a number of core technologies with independent intellectual property rights. Actively undertake major tasks of national agricultural scientific research, and build provincial and ministerial key laboratories, comprehensive experimental stations of agricultural science and technology, and national modern agricultural technology demonstration and exhibition bases. Identify 100 municipal-level modern agricultural science and technology demonstration bases, and demonstrate to promote the improvement of agricultural science and technology level in the city.

　　3. Develop smart agriculture

　　Vigorously promote the construction of application scenarios, accelerate the application of next-generation information technologies such as artificial intelligence, 5G, Internet of Things, Beidou, big data and blockchain in the agricultural field, and promote the digital transformation of agricultural production, operation and management services. Build a big data platform for agriculture and rural areas in Beijing, and build a "one map" of agricultural and rural data resources in the city. Develop digital pastoral, intelligent breeding and intelligent agricultural gardens. Carry out research and demonstration application of intelligent agricultural machinery based on clean energy and modern information technology. We will implement four major projects, namely, upgrading high-efficiency facilities, livestock and poultry products, primary processing and agricultural waste treatment equipment, increase the informationization and intelligent upgrading of agricultural machinery and equipment, and comprehensively improve the intelligent level of facilities and equipment for facility agriculture and pig breeding. By 2025, the comprehensive mechanization rate of main crops and the comprehensive utilization rate of straw will reach over 98%, the mechanization rate of animal husbandry will reach 75%, and the mechanization rate of facility agriculture will reach 55%.

　　4. Innovating agricultural science and technology system and mechanism.

　　Gather a group of leading agricultural science and technology talents and innovation teams, implement the mechanism of "revealing the list and taking the lead" to stimulate the innovation vitality of talents. Explore the mechanism of sharing the rights and interests of achievements, transfer and transformation, and classification and evaluation of scientific research personnel, clarify matters such as part-time remuneration of scientific and technological personnel, and share the shares at the price of achievements, and increase incentives for the distribution of rights and interests of scientific research achievements. Improve the service response ability of science and technology commissioners, and establish a "one-on-one" contact and docking service mechanism between scientific and technological personnel and administrative villages. Deepen the reform of the title system of agricultural scientific and technological personnel and support agricultural technicians to write papers on the land in the suburbs of Beijing. Support agricultural research institutes and related stations to cooperate with various demonstration areas, industrial parks, excellent bases, professional villages and towns, and carry out technology demonstration and promotion. By 2025, the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress in the city will increase to 77%.

　　(3) Improve the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture.

　　Further promote the adjustment of agricultural structure, promote variety cultivation, quality improvement, brand building and standardized production, and comprehensively improve the level of agricultural scale, science and technology, marketization, standardization and organization.

　　1. Develop green, high-quality and safe agriculture.

　　Consolidate the achievements of the Ministry and city to jointly build a green, high-quality and safe demonstration zone for agricultural products. Improve the list of main producers of edible agricultural products and try out the certificate system of edible agricultural products. Improve the standardization system of green agriculture, promote the development of green organic agriculture, and strengthen the registration and protection of agricultural products with geographical indications. We will further promote standardized production and base construction, and increase the integration and comprehensive application of green prevention and control of agricultural product quality and safety and healthy breeding technology. Improve the quality and safety inspection and traceability system of agricultural products, strengthen the whole process of intelligent supervision, and carry out the pilot project of traceability of production entities. Strengthen the source risk management and control, improve the "four in one" risk management and control mechanism, and explore and promote the grid supervision of the quality and safety of grassroots agricultural products. Promote a number of green organic agricultural production technologies and promote the construction of green organic agricultural industrial zones in Yanqing, Miyun and Huairou. During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the qualified rate of agricultural products quality and safety monitoring and sampling was stable at over 98%.

　　2. Construction of agricultural modernization demonstration zone

　　The establishment of agricultural modernization demonstration zones will be carried out on a district basis. Focusing on improving the modernization level of agricultural industrial system, production system and management system, an index system will be established, and resources and policies will be integrated. By 2025, 2-3 agricultural modernization demonstration zones will be established. High-level construction of modern agricultural industrial parks, industrial clusters with distinctive advantages, and modern agricultural towns, the whole industrial chain will enhance agricultural competitiveness and lead the development and growth of rural industries. Create about 15 national and municipal modern agricultural industrial parks to drive the construction of various agricultural industrial parks and standardization bases.

　　3. Construct a modern agricultural product circulation system

　　Strengthen the construction of agricultural products storage and preservation and cold chain logistics facilities, and build 40 cold chain logistics facilities for agricultural products storage and preservation in combination with the city’s special logistics planning, so as to enhance the ability of "internet plus" agricultural products to leave the village and enter the city. Explore the new mode of "internet plus Tiantou Market+E-commerce Enterprise+Urban Terminal Distribution". Fully guarantee the supply of agricultural products for major events such as the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympic Games. By 2025, the cold chain circulation rate of fresh agricultural products in the city will increase to 50%.

　　4. Create a good agricultural brand in Beijing

　　Create regional public brands, enterprise brands and product brands of agricultural products, cultivate famous brands, encourage the restoration of "old tastes" according to local conditions, cultivate a number of local agricultural products with well-known brands and good market sales, and do a good job in the protection and development of geographical indication products. Strengthen quality identification and traceability management, standardize the authorized use of identification, strengthen the listing of products with labels, and establish and improve the traceability system of landmark products. Build a promotion platform, strengthen the brand promotion of "Jingzihao" agricultural products, connect with "Quality Grain Project", tell a good brand story and spread brand value.

　　5. Cultivate new agricultural management entities.

　　We will implement actions to improve the norms of farmers’ cooperatives and carry out pilot projects to improve the quality of farmers’ cooperatives throughout the region. Implement the family farm cultivation plan, establish and improve the family farm directory management system, improve the policy promotion mechanism, create a family farm demonstration area, and build a number of family farms with moderate scale, intensive production and obvious benefits. Support leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization to establish a comprehensive service center for the whole agricultural industry chain in Beijing. Improve the specialized and socialized service system of agricultural production, vigorously cultivate new service subjects, improve the service system of means of production based on the supply and marketing system, promote the integrated development of public welfare agricultural technology extension institutions and business service organizations, and realize the organic connection between small farmers and modern agriculture.

　　6. Promote the reform of comprehensive agricultural law enforcement.

　　Strengthen the construction of agricultural law enforcement team, build a comprehensive agricultural administrative law enforcement system with clear responsibilities, smooth command, efficient operation and strong guarantee, clarify the law enforcement authority at different levels, and clarify the division of responsibilities and law enforcement priorities. Strengthen the standardization of agricultural law enforcement, promote strict and standardized fair and civilized law enforcement, improve law enforcement procedures, and strengthen law enforcement supervision. Actively innovate law enforcement system and mechanism, improve law enforcement methods, guide, educate and help farmers to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests according to law.

　　(D) accelerate the integration and development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

　　Adhere to the policy of serving the capital and wealthy farmers, deeply explore the multiple functions and values of agriculture and rural areas, build the whole industrial chain of agriculture, expand the efficiency of rural industries, and create more opportunities for employment and income increase.

　　1. Do fine leisure agriculture and rural tourism.

　　Promote the high-quality development of leisure agriculture in the city, and strive to design attractive, fine service to retain people, exquisite feelings to impress people, and create warm and close-up leisure agriculture boutique projects. Implement the "100 million" tour, build more than 10 boutique routes, create more than 100 beautiful leisure villages, upgrade more than 1,000 leisure agricultural parks, and transform nearly 10,000 folk reception households. We will launch a number of rural boutique homestays, build a number of villages and towns with special characteristics, and realize the overall improvement of the scale and quality of villages and towns in the city. Implement the requirements of labor education in primary and secondary schools in the new era, and build a number of practical education bases and rural complexes for young people’s farming culture. Encourage the development of rural fitness and leisure industry. By 2025, the annual reception of leisure agriculture and rural tourism will reach 40 million, and the operating income will reach 5 billion yuan.

　　2. Do a good job in agricultural product processing industry

　　Support the agricultural product processing industry to extend the industrial chain, enhance the value chain and improve the interest chain. Support leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization to drive farmers to develop primary processing and intensive processing of agricultural products, and improve the level of refrigeration, preservation and packaging. Improve the resource integration ability and product service scope of agricultural products processing enterprises, and strengthen enterprise quality control. Encourage the formation of industrial alliances with upstream and downstream market entities, so that farmers can share the value-added benefits. By 2025, the total output value of agricultural products processing enterprises above designated size will reach 150 billion yuan, and the output value of processing industry will be five times that of agriculture.

　　3. Strengthen rural characteristic industries

　　Vigorously develop small variety characteristic industries such as functional vegetables, organic fruits, green miscellaneous grains, bee industry and Chinese herbal medicines, strengthen a number of characteristic agricultural products such as Beijing Fatty Chicken, Beijing Duck, Pinggu Peach, Yanshan Chestnut, Shangfang Mountain Toona sinensis and Miyun Honey, and develop 100 national "one village, one product" demonstration villages. Support the development of local specialty industries such as specialty foods and specialty handicrafts, promote the development of handicraft creative products, and support rural handicraft products to participate in the selection of "Beijing gifts".

　　4. Develop new rural service industries.

　　We will develop and strengthen agricultural socialized service organizations, promote the extension of socialized services from mid-production to prenatal and postpartum links, and improve supporting services such as financial insurance, brand cultivation, e-commerce sales, and cold chain storage. Consolidate the development of public welfare services, strengthen agricultural specialized services, implement the small-scale farmers’ production trusteeship promotion project, and develop forms such as single-link trusteeship, multi-link trusteeship, key link trusteeship and whole-process trusteeship according to local conditions to expand the coverage of production trusteeship for small farmers. Develop rural e-commerce, build rural e-commerce terminal outlets, cultivate a number of leading enterprises in rural circulation e-commerce, accelerate the construction of a modern circulation system of agricultural products led by e-commerce platform, and promote agricultural products to go out of the village and enter the city.

Fourth, the implementation of rural construction action

　　Standing at the height of building a world-class harmonious and livable capital, we will make overall plans for urban and rural construction as an organic whole, promote the organic connection between rural infrastructure and rural modernization, optimize the ecological space for production and living, build a landscape village with Beijing charm, and realize the basic facilities for urban and rural residents’ living.

　　(A) scientific planning and construction of rural areas

　　Adhere to the guidance and orderly implementation of planning, adapt to the law of rural development and evolution, promote the construction of "three districts and four categories" villages by classification, form a wonderful rural space in Shu Lang, and reserve a nostalgic memory for the future.

　　1. Optimize the spatial layout of three types of rural areas.

　　Implement the division of three types of rural space: urban construction area, ecological protection red line area and rural landscape area, and scientifically arrange the ecological space of rural production and life. Guided by promoting urbanization transformation, improving the efficiency of production space and improving the quality of living space, urban construction areas promote the relative agglomeration and optimization of rural population space, support suburban areas to accelerate the urbanization process, and actively explore new paths for urban-rural integration and development. The red line area of ecological protection is guided by strengthening ecological protection and restoration, improving ecological function and improving ecological pattern, and maintaining and improving regional ecological function and its service value. The rural landscape area is oriented to promote the overall revitalization of the countryside, promote the development of villages by classification, and protect the rural characteristics.

　　2. Promote the construction of four types of villages by classification.

　　Implement village layout planning, adjust measures to local conditions, and promote the construction of four types of villages: urban agglomeration, overall relocation, characteristic upgrading and improvement, so as to achieve refined and differentiated development. Study and formulate the overall overall implementation plan for two types of villages: urban agglomeration and overall relocation, and define the implementation goals and plans by 2025. Give play to the leading role of characteristic upgrading villages, strengthen the protection of historical culture and traditional style and guide the overall style of villages, and encourage villages around the three cultural belts to be included in characteristic upgrading villages. Continue to promote the relocation of villages in areas prone to geological disasters and areas with poor living conditions in mountainous areas according to local conditions, and complete the fourth round of relocation tasks in mountainous areas.

　　3. Coordinate the development of towns and villages.

　　Implement the requirements of Beijing’s overall urban planning and zoning planning, compile the township land spatial planning, strengthen the development guidance for small towns and villages, and realize the full coverage of township land spatial planning by 2022. Promote the development and construction of new towns, small towns with characteristics and small towns by classification, speed up the improvement of public facilities, actively and orderly undertake the transfer of functions, industries and population in the central city, cultivate new kinetic energy for rural development, and strive to create new growth points for the development of Beijing suburbs. Promote the formation of a public service system with complementary functions of regional towns and villages, enhance the public service functions of towns and villages, and build towns and villages into regional centers serving farmers and important nodes for urban-rural integration and development.

　　(B) to promote the integration of urban and rural infrastructure

　　Adhere to the focus of public infrastructure construction in rural areas, coordinate the planning and layout of urban and rural infrastructure, accelerate the upgrading of rural infrastructure, and improve the beautiful and livable level of rural areas as a whole.

　　1. Continue to promote the "Hundred Thousand Projects"

　　Adhere to a blueprint to the end, continue to promote the "demonstration of 100 villages and renovation of thousands of villages" project, and cultivate a number of rural revitalization models. Formulate and implement five-year actions to improve rural human settlements. We will continue to promote the upgrading of old household toilets in rural areas and carry out the "clearing action" for rural public dry toilets. We will promote the collection and treatment of rural domestic sewage according to local conditions, continue to promote the third three-year pollution control action plan, complete 300 village sewage treatment tasks every year, and comprehensively and effectively treat rural domestic sewage. Promote the classification and treatment of rural domestic waste according to local conditions. Improve the village public lighting facilities, neighborhood road construction, and optimize the layout of rural public parking lots. By 2025, the coverage rate of rural sanitary toilets in the city will be stable at over 99%, the proportion of Class III and above public toilets will reach over 95%, and the sewage treatment rate in rural areas will reach 75%.

　　2. Fill in the shortcomings of rural public infrastructure

　　We will implement the rural drinking water safety consolidation and upgrading project, increase investment in the construction of township-level centralized water supply plants and the renovation of village-level water supply facilities, expand the coverage of public water supply, and promote the construction of specialized service system for rural water supply. Consolidate the achievements of "Four Good Rural Roads", carry out the construction of "beautiful countryside Road", implement the "road length system" of rural roads, and further improve the service level of "bus service for every village". Optimize the rural energy structure, transform and upgrade the rural power grid in mountainous areas, achieve full coverage of stable and reliable power supply, and promote the "coal to clean energy" in mountainous villages according to local conditions. Build a digital village, speed up the construction of a comprehensive information service system for agriculture and rural areas, establish an inclusive service mechanism for agriculture-related information, and promote the digitalization of rural management services. By 2025, the rural water supply guarantee rate will remain above 95%, the tap water penetration rate will remain above 99%, and the proportion of medium roads and above in rural roads in the city will remain above 90%.

　　3. Deepen the construction of beautiful countryside.

　　In accordance with the requirements of green and low-carbon rural beauty, ecologically livable village beauty, healthy and comfortable life beauty, and harmonious and simple humanistic beauty, beautiful countryside’s construction standards will be further improved, construction contents will be increased, and the construction level will be improved. Organize the demonstration activities of beautiful livable villages and beautiful courtyards, and by 2023, basically complete the task of infrastructure construction in beautiful countryside. Support city sub-centers to build beautiful countryside model area. Implement the quality improvement project of rural housing construction, carry out upgrading and transformation in an orderly manner, preserve the rural characteristics and prevent large-scale demolition and construction. Improve the quality and safety system norms and supervision mechanism of rural housing construction, strive to complete the investigation and rectification of rural housing safety hazards by 2023, and establish a normalized rural housing construction management system.

　　4. Implement a long-term management and protection mechanism

　　Improve the long-term management and protection mechanism of rural infrastructure and human settlements with systems, standards, teams, funds and supervision. Clarify the ownership of rural public infrastructure property rights formed by various types of investment at all levels, establish management standards and systems by property owners, implement the responsibility of "who owns the property rights and who will manage it", and incorporate the investment in management and protection of public welfare facilities into the general public finance budget and fully guarantee it. Improve the diversified management and protection mechanism of quasi-operating facilities, and explore the formation mechanism of market-oriented paid prices in industries with conditions. We will improve the four-level linkage inspection and assessment mechanism of rural human settlements, which includes village self-inspection, town inspection, district inspection and city inspection.

　　(3) Protecting the rural green ecological space

　　Firmly establish the concept of Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, build a vivid demonstration and leading area of the concept of "two mountains", serve the big cities with the suburbs of Beijing with good ecology and beautiful environment, and provide more high-quality ecological products and services for the cities.

　　1. Clean agricultural production environment

　　We will do a good job in the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, promote the reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, strengthen the control of white pollution in farmland, and recycle manure and straw in large-scale farms. By 2025, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will remain at a relatively high level of 40% and 45%, the comprehensive utilization rate of manure in large-scale farms will reach 95%, crop straw will be basically recycled, and agricultural film will be basically recovered. Construction of "straw-livestock breeding-organic fertilizer" planting and breeding demonstration base and circular agriculture demonstration park, strengthen the pollution prevention of livestock breeding and aquaculture below the scale. Vigorously develop high-efficiency water-saving agriculture and support the construction of the national agricultural green development pioneer zone. We will promote legislation for the prevention and control of soil pollution, establish and improve the monitoring network of cultivated land soil environmental quality, improve the classified management mechanism of cultivated land, and promote remediation and treatment in an orderly manner. By 2025, the safe utilization rate of contaminated cultivated land soil will reach over 95%, and the quality level of cultivated land in the city will be further improved.

　　2. Building a green village

　　Intensify the protection of cultivated land, optimize the layout of cultivated land and forest land in pieces and on a large scale in accordance with the principle that arable land is suitable for cultivation and forest is suitable for forest, build a compound ecosystem of farmland and forest, and promote the centralized contiguous layout of cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, with the centralized contiguous scale of more than 1,000 mu accounting for more than 80% of the total. Through typical demonstration, point breakthrough, and surface push, water-saving rural construction will be carried out. We will continue to do a good job in key ecological projects such as demolition and greening in shallow mountainous areas, afforestation of barren hills suitable for forests, and control of sandstorms in Beijing and Tianjin. Strengthen the greening of villages, make forests suitable for forests and gardens suitable for gardens, carry out the construction project of thousands of villages and gardens (forests), build 500 village-head parks and village-head forests around villages and towns, and newly create 250 capital forest villages.

　　3. Improve the value realization mechanism of ecological products.

　　We will implement the Regulations on Ecological Protection and Green Development of Ecological Conservation Areas in Beijing, and improve mechanisms such as compensation for ecological protection, pairing and cooperation, and exchange of cadres. Formulate policies to guide and support suitable industries in ecological conservation areas, and guide resource-saving and eco-friendly industrial projects to land in ecological conservation areas; Build an ecological gully region, strengthen planning guidance, improve the construction level, and highlight ecological, social and landscape benefits. Implement the spirit of the important reply from the Supreme Leader General Secretary to the villagers who build and protect Miyun Reservoir, coordinate the relationship between water conservation and enriching the people, and prevent the loss of protecting the ecological environment. Explore the construction of zero-carbon demonstration villages and zero-carbon demonstration parks, promote the development of green and low-carbon cycle in agriculture and rural areas, and contribute to the steady decline of carbon in the city after its peak. Further improve the system of paid use of natural resources, study and compile the evaluation index system of green development, and carry out the value accounting of ecological products.

Five, cultivate civilized rural style

　　Practice the socialist core values, take the inheritance and development of Chinese excellent traditional culture as the core, promote the balanced development of urban and rural public cultural service system, increase the supply of excellent rural cultural products and services, and boost farmers’ mental outlook.

　　(A) to strengthen the ideological and moral construction in rural areas

　　We will continue to promote the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas, adhere to the people-oriented, peasant-centered, multi-party participation, and constantly improve the level of rural civilization through publicity and guidance, practice and institutional guarantee, laying an ideological and moral foundation for rural revitalization.

　　1. Practice the socialist core values

　　Deepen the construction of a civilized practice center in the new era, open up the "last mile" to publicize, educate, care for and serve the masses, and promote the socialist core values to be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Highlight the ideological guidance of hot and difficult issues in rural society and reasonably guide social expectations. Give full play to the role of first secretary, party building assistant and volunteer, strengthen emotional communication with farmers, collect public opinion, and do a good job in emotional comfort and humanistic care. Carry out education on the spirit of entrepreneurship and innovation, and guide the masses to actively participate in innovation and entrepreneurship practice.

　　2. Implement the civic moral construction project.

　　Carry out roving lectures on model examples, publicize in depth the typical deeds such as model of the times, Beijing model, moral model, the most beautiful people, good people around us, and the most beautiful volunteers, and extensively carry out model learning and practice activities. Strengthen the construction of rural network culture positions, and give full play to the function of "guiding and serving the masses" of the media centers in various districts. Deepen the construction of honesty culture, strengthen farmers’ awareness of social responsibility, rules, collectivity and ownership, and cultivate a good social trend of keeping promises.

　　3. Carry out rural spiritual civilization creation activities.

　　We will deepen the activities of establishing civilized villages and towns and civilized families, and carry out typical tree evaluation activities of family civilization such as "learning from the example and taking action", good daughter-in-law, good in-laws and good sisters-in-law, as well as theme activities such as passing on family training, establishing family rules and promoting family style, so as to support good village style and folk customs with good family style. Explore the reward modes such as "rural moral bank", "civilization points" and "volunteer points" to reward advanced models so that the virtuous can have it. Intensify the crackdown on illegal religious activities and overseas infiltration activities in rural areas. Strengthen the publicity and education of building a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation.

　　(B) the prosperity of rural traditional culture

　　Based on the rural civilization in the suburbs of Beijing, on the basis of protection and inheritance, we will realize the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture.

　　1. Inheriting innovative farming culture

　　Encourage "Jingxi Rice Culture System" and Pinggu "Sisoulou Juglans Juglans Production System" to declare the world’s important agricultural cultural heritage, and support all districts to carry out the excavation, interpretation and utilization of agricultural cultural heritage. We will carry out the construction of facilities that reproduce the development of rural civilization, such as the exhibition room of rural history, the museum of farming culture, the exposition park, the cultural center and the ruins park. Aiming at the leisure needs of rural areas in big cities, we will support all districts to fully tap and make innovative use of farming culture and strengthen the functions of education, health care, landscape and leisure.

　　2. Excavate and utilize intangible cultural heritage

　　Promote the revitalization of traditional crafts in rural areas. Further explore, sort out, protect and inherit all kinds of intangible cultural heritage such as traditional place names, operas, skills, restaurants and temple fairs. Discover and protect a number of new intangible cultural heritage projects and promote the construction of intangible cultural heritage resources database. Support the innovative development of rural intangible cultural heritage and promote its active utilization. We will carry out the recording of national representative inheritors, carry out in-depth training programs for non-genetic inheritors, and improve the intergenerational inheritance and development mechanism of intangible heritage. We will create a hometown of folk culture and art in China, promote the pilot work of the Internet to promote the construction of a demonstration base for rural cultural revitalization, strengthen the use of new technologies and new media, and increase the dissemination of outstanding traditional culture and folk culture in rural areas.

　　3. Protect and develop traditional villages

　　Implement the Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Cities in Beijing and the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Protection and Development of Traditional Villages. Implement listing protection for municipal traditional villages, set up protection signs, and complete the preparation and approval of municipal traditional village protection planning. In accordance with the planning and technical guidelines for the renovation of traditional villages in the city, the renovation pilot will be carried out according to local conditions. Carry out the compilation of traditional village records and inherit homesickness memories.

　　(C) Enriching rural cultural life

　　Improve rural public cultural service facilities, increase the supply of excellent rural cultural products and services, invigorate rural cultural life, provide high-quality spiritual nutrition for farmers, and continuously improve the level of public cultural service system.

　　1. Improve rural public cultural service facilities.

　　Improve urban and rural grassroots public cultural facilities and improve the four-level network system of public cultural facilities. Build a public cultural service cloud system, promote the application of new carriers such as interactive Internet TV and mobile digital terminals, and increase the push of public digital cultural resources to rural areas. Carry out cultural activities in the countryside, build a number of mobile "reading stations" and update a number of rural libraries. Make full use of idle land resources around towns and villages to build national fitness venues and facilities. Continue to promote the construction of township cultural and sports activity centers and citizens’ cultural and leisure centers.

　　2. Increase the supply of public cultural products and services.

　　Create and launch a number of outstanding rural literary and artistic works, and plan to launch a number of radio, television and online programs that farmers love. Strengthen the construction of public cultural service brands such as "Spark Project of Rural Literary Performance". Set up a "light cavalry" literary squad to carry out "order-based" public cultural services in combination with rural needs.

　　3 to carry out various forms of mass cultural and sports activities.

　　Support the grassroots to hold festivals such as China Farmers Harvest Festival, and create a new brand of rural cultural tourism integration shared by urban and rural residents. Guide and support rural self-management culture, and encourage and support literary and artistic creation with local characteristics. Carry out rural cultural activities such as square dance, farmer troupe performance, calligraphy and painting photography creation. Continue to carry out the activities of Beijing Farmers Art Festival. Continue to hold the exhibition week of farmers’ physical fitness in Beijing, and inherit, innovate and develop traditional folk sports.

VI. Building a Good Governance Village

　　Establish and improve a modern rural social governance system with the leadership of the Party committee, government responsibility, democratic consultation, social coordination, public participation, legal protection and scientific and technological support, and a rural social governance system that combines autonomy, rule of law and rule of virtue to improve the level of good governance in rural areas.

　　(A) to strengthen the leading role of rural grassroots party organizations

　　Highlight the political and organizational functions of rural grassroots party organizations, and build rural grassroots party organizations into a strong fighting fortress that leads rural revitalization.

　　1. Improve the system and mechanism of rural governance under the leadership of the Party.

　　Fully implement the hard tasks of the regulations on the work of rural grassroots organizations and strengthen the standardization of rural grassroots party organizations. Complete the change of the village "two committees" on schedule, actively promote the secretary of the village party organization to serve as the director of the village Committee through legal procedures, and promote the cross-appointment of members of the village "two committees" team. We will fully implement the working mechanism that the disciplinary inspection committee member of the village party organization concurrently serves as the director of supervision committee. Implement the classification and upgrading plan of village-level organizations and normalize the rectification of weak and scattered village party organizations. We will continue to deepen party building and lead the reform of "whistling in the streets and townships and reporting to departments", improve the mechanism of "handling complaints immediately", and continuously improve the settlement rate and satisfaction rate of farmers’ demands. In adjusting and optimizing the setting of administrative divisions, it is necessary to realize the synchronous adjustment and optimization of the setting of rural grass-roots party organizations, and steadily and prudently promote the withdrawal of villages and the establishment of houses. Carry out pilot work to promote the revitalization of red rural organizations and build red beautiful villages.

　　2. Building a contingent of high-quality rural grassroots cadres.

　　Select and match the "two committees" of the village, highlight "double good and double strong", and realize "one drop and one rise" in age and education. Implement the "Touyan Project" and strengthen the construction of village party organization leaders. We will implement the long-term mechanism of district-level filing management of village party secretaries and joint examination of village cadres’ qualifications, do a good job in the demonstration training of village party branch secretaries at the municipal level, guide all districts to carry out the rotation training of village "two committees" cadres, and improve and perfect the work chain of "selecting and using". We will steadily raise the basic remuneration of village cadres and the standard of office expenses for village-level organizations. Adhere to the "four batches" selection method, and the number of village-level reserve talents in the city remains around 8,000. Do a good job in the junior college education of village management specialty and explore the village-level reserve training model. Establish and improve a long-term mechanism for selecting the first secretary, strengthen daily management and support, and give full play to the role of the first secretary.

　　3. Give play to party member’s vanguard and exemplary role in rural governance.

　　Implementation of rural party member demonstration project, pay attention to the development of rural youth party member and highly educated party member, to ensure that the proportion of party member under the age of 35 remains basically stable, and the proportion of rural party member with college education has steadily increased. Implement Do not forget your initiative mind, keep in mind the mission system, and consolidate and deepen the achievements of thematic education. We will deepen the activities of street leaders in party member, making promises and keeping promises, setting posts and responsibilities, and volunteering, further refine the system of village cadres going to villages and contacting households in party member, and promote party member to take the lead in demonstrating rural governance and drive the masses to participate in an all-round way. Guide party member to take responsibility in the service guarantee of major events.

　　(B) to build a modern rural governance system

　　Improve and innovate the construction of rural governance system with the integration of "three governance" led by party building, insist on increasing vitality with autonomy, strengthening protection with the rule of law, promoting healthy trends with morality, and promote the modernization of rural governance system and governance capacity.

　　1. Deepen the practice of villagers’ autonomy.

　　We will improve the system of rural grass-roots mass autonomous organizations and standardize the establishment of sub-committees of villagers’ committees such as co-construction and co-governance, public health, environmental property (land management) and so on. Further standardize the operation of the village-level system of "four discussions, first trial and two openness", implement the village-level system of "three affairs openness", incorporate rural land management into the important content of village-level democratic management and supervision, and encourage the use of information technology to achieve online and offline full disclosure. Governance of village-level organizations to undertake more administrative affairs, inspection and evaluation items and other issues, reduce the burden on village-level organizations. Standardize all kinds of work accounts and all kinds of seal certification matters at the village level. Carry out demonstration and promotion of village rules and regulations to ensure that the household registration rate and awareness rate are 100% and 100%. Promote the use of the points system in rural governance, guide farmers to actively participate in public affairs, and give play to the role of villagers’ autonomy.

　　2. Promote the construction of rural areas ruled by law.

　　Improve the agricultural and rural policies and regulations system, and strengthen publicity and education on law popularization. Promote the construction of demonstration villages of democracy and the rule of law. By 2025, the coverage rate of demonstration villages of democracy and the rule of law in the city will reach over 30%. Strengthen the construction of township judicial offices and public legal service stations, strive for the standardized proportion of township judicial offices in the city to increase year by year, and the completion rate of public legal service stations will reach 100%. Realize that each village is equipped with one village legal adviser. Promote the extension and sinking of administrative law enforcement authority and power to towns, integrate existing law enforcement forces and resources, and form a unified township comprehensive administrative law enforcement team. We will further promote the construction of safe rural areas, establish and improve the normalization mechanism for eliminating evils in rural areas, intensify the crackdown on illegal religious activities and cult activities in rural areas according to law, stop using religions and cults to interfere in rural public affairs, and incorporate related work into the assessment system for the construction of a safe Beijing. Establish and improve the prevention and control system of social security in rural areas and build a "discerning project" in rural areas. Deepen the construction of clean rural areas, compile a list of village-level "small and micro" powers, and standardize the operation of village-level powers.

　　3. Improve the level of rural rule of virtue

　　Inherit the excellent traditional culture in rural areas, and carry forward the traditional virtues such as respecting morality and being kind, valuing righteousness and keeping promises, caring for the old and loving relatives, and helping the poor. We will rectify bad customs such as weddings and funerals in rural areas, high bride price, extravagance and waste, and thick burial and thin support. Encourage villages to set up red and white councils to promote the change of customs. Explore the establishment of a reporting system for weddings and funerals of cadres in rural party member, and strengthen discipline. Extensively carry out tree selection activities such as the most beautiful neighborhood, good people around you, good teenagers in the new era, and finding the most beautiful family. We will carry out the public service action of Xinxiang Xian, and actively promote all kinds of social welfare organizations and Xinxiang Xian to participate in rural governance in an orderly manner.

　　(C) improve the efficiency of rural governance

　　Do a good job in grass-roots government services, innovate grass-roots governance methods, improve social mobilization ability, and build a new pattern of rural social governance.

　　1. Strengthen the capacity building of serving agriculture in towns and villages.

　　Improve the level of grass-roots government services, promote the construction of an integrated online government service platform, promote "one-line operation", provide "one-door handling" and "one-stop service", and realize "running at most once". Standardize the entity platform of government services, and set up a comprehensive government service center in each township to provide government services such as employment, old-age support, medical and health care, housing security and social security for the masses. Due to the adaptation of villages, government service stations are set up by means of "one station, one village" and "one station, multiple villages" to create a rural half-hour convenience service circle. Promote the construction of township social work service stations. Build towns and villages into rural governance centers, rural service centers and rural economic centers, so that towns and villages will become the leading players in promoting rural revitalization.

　　2. Improve the informatization level of rural governance.

　　Actively adapt to the normalization requirements of epidemic prevention and control, and promote the construction of smart and safe villages and the normalization of joint prevention and control. Promote the intelligence and wisdom of rural governance, build a city-wide rural governance basic information database with people, land, things and organizations as the core, and build an interoperable and shared rural governance service management application platform. Promote the extension of "internet plus community" to rural areas, explore a new model of "Party building in internet plus", and gradually improve the level of informationization of village-level government services. Use new media to guide residents to have close daily contacts and participate in public affairs, and realize networked community governance and service innovation.

　　3. Promote the extensive participation of social forces.

　　We will implement the Party Building Coordination Committee, establish a joint meeting system for Party building work, and promote the expansion of the work content of the Party Building Coordination Committee to all areas of grassroots governance. Innovate and develop mass prevention and treatment, improve management mechanisms such as level prevention and control, star rating, public welfare feedback, and insurance protection, and mobilize more forces to participate in grassroots governance. We will extensively carry out voluntary service activities, mobilize multiple subjects to actively participate in rural governance, and form a good atmosphere of being good neighbors, partners and helping each other.

VII. Ensuring the People’s Livelihood in Rural Areas

　　Taking the protection and improvement of rural people’s livelihood as the priority direction, focusing on "seven haves" and "five natures", we will speed up the filling of shortcomings in rural basic public services, promote the equalization of urban and rural public services, protect and improve rural people’s livelihood at a higher level, and constantly satisfy the people’s yearning for a better life.

　　(A) the income of farmers is growing faster than that of urban residents.

　　Focus on increasing farmers’ employment and income, consolidate and expand the achievements of low-income assistance to effectively link up with rural revitalization, improve the monitoring and assistance mechanism to prevent the decline, ensure that there is no large-scale decline, and take various measures to expand rural middle-income groups to ensure that farmers’ income growth rate is faster than that of urban residents. By 2025, the income gap between urban and rural residents will be reduced to 2.4: 1.

　　1. Tap the potential of increasing income in rural areas.

　　Improve the agricultural subsidy policy, improve the enthusiasm and income of farmers to develop production, and support farmers to sell agricultural products through online and live broadcast. Cultivate specialized market-oriented service organizations to help farmers reduce costs and increase income. Vigorously support farmers to develop industries such as characteristic planting, under-forest economy, leisure and health care, and expand income-increasing space. We will improve the way of linking the interests of cooperatives, enterprises and farmers to ensure that farmers continue to obtain reasonable value-added benefits.

　　2. Promote the transfer of employment and increase income.

　　We will implement the project of full employment of farmers, promote urban service management posts and urban and rural public welfare jobs, and attract more local rural laborers to find jobs. We will intensify policies to encourage employers to recruit, and guide employers such as various enterprises to absorb more farmers to transfer employment. Encourage entrepreneurship to promote employment, support multi-channel flexible employment, and broaden the space for farmers to transfer employment. We will give preferential assistance to the employment of the labor force in ecological conservation areas and major project construction areas, increase the employment assistance for people with employment difficulties in rural areas and "zero-employment families", and realize the dynamic clearing of "zero-employment families".

　　3. Increase the property income of rural residents.

　　Deepen the reform of rural collective property rights system, encourage and guide rural collective economic organizations to steadily improve the level of collective income distribution according to shares. Encourage the quantification of qualified financial funds to rural collective economic organizations and farmers, effectively revitalize the use of various resources and assets of rural collective economic organizations, and promote the preservation and appreciation of rural collective assets.

　　4. Improve farmers’ social security level.

　　We will improve the normal adjustment mechanism of basic old-age security benefits for urban and rural residents, and moderately raise the basic pension for urban and rural residents’ old-age insurance and the welfare pension for the elderly without social security in urban and rural areas. Study and promote the extension of "post compensation" and "social compensation" policies to collective economic organizations and farmers’ professional cooperatives. We will promote the inclusion of eligible primary farmers in social security in an orderly manner, and strive to realize that the employed rural labor force in the city will be basically included in the urban employee insurance system by 2025. Promote the linkage adjustment of urban and rural social security treatment standards and narrow the gap between different groups. Gradually raise the minimum living standard in urban and rural areas to ensure that people in need share the fruits of economic development.

　　(2) Promote the inclusive sharing of basic public services in urban and rural areas.

　　Focus on the shortcomings in the fields of rural health care, education, old-age care and disability assistance, promote the extension and coverage of basic public services to rural areas, improve the basic public service system of universal coverage, inclusive sharing and urban-rural integration, and improve the level of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas.

　　1. Improve the level of rural primary health care.

　　Promote the extension of high-quality medical resources to rural areas, and cooperate with suburban medical institutions in the third-class hospitals in the central city. Accelerate the construction of medical and health institutions in blank villages, and each village is equipped with at least one clinic and one medical and health worker to ensure that farmers "get medical treatment". With "at least one rural doctor per thousand service population" as the standard, we will coordinate the allocation of supplementary rural medical and health technicians and carry out free training for rural doctors’ job orders. We will promote the management of village doctors and towns, and promote the management integration and service homogenization of medical institutions at the town and village levels. Implement the public health committees of village committees, carry out patriotic health campaigns, advocate health habits, and build healthy villages. By 2025, the health literacy level of rural residents will increase to over 30%.

　　2. Improve the quality of rural education

　　In response to the increase in the demand for admission and enrollment brought about by the "three-child birth policy", at least one public park should be run in the blank towns and villages of kindergartens to ensure that the basic education of preschool and younger students in remote mountainous areas is enrolled nearby. Promote the enrollment plan of high-quality high schools to tilt to rural areas, establish a sharing mechanism of education and teaching resources, and give priority to the professional development training opportunities of primary and secondary school teachers at the municipal level to rural school teachers. Give full play to the role of education informatization and promote the coverage of high-quality online education resources to rural schools.

　　3. Promote the construction of facilities for the aged and disabled in rural areas.

　　Classification to promote the construction of old-age service facilities, towns and villages that have built nursing homes should improve their service capabilities and ensure that nursing beds are not less than 60%. By 2025, each district will transform one or two three-star nursing homes for the poor elderly. Accelerate the construction of township old-age care centers, and build at least one old-age care center with no less than 50 beds in each township. We will improve the layout of village-level old-age service stations, achieve full coverage in more than 500 villages, and build no less than 1,000 rural neighborhood mutual old-age service points. Formulate supporting measures for the construction of disabled centers in qualified villages, continuously expand the coverage of warm homes, and promote the construction of barrier-free environment in rural areas as a whole.

　　4. Enhance rural disaster prevention, mitigation and relief capabilities.

　　In view of the geological characteristics and resource conditions in rural areas, we will focus on improving the construction of disaster prevention and control facilities, disaster shelters and disaster reconstruction facilities such as geology, floods and fires. Carry out the investigation and management of rural disaster risks and hidden dangers, further consolidate and make good use of the results of the national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters, do a good job in publicity and education on disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, strengthen the construction of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief teams, and comprehensively enhance the rural people’s awareness of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief and their ability to prevent self-help and mutual assistance. Prepare standardized emergency relief plans, disaster risk maps and emergency evacuation maps for towns and villages. Create a "four-in-one" material support system for disaster reduction and relief, technical reserve, material reserve and capacity mobilization.

　　(3) Improve the convenience level of rural life

　　Focus on the "convenience" and "livability" of rural life, strengthen the construction of commercial services, logistics and distribution, financial outlets and other facilities to provide more convenient and efficient services for rural residents.

　　1. Build rural commercial service facilities.

　　Incorporate the development planning of rural commercial outlets into the construction planning system of beautiful countryside, optimize the layout of rural commercial outlets as a whole, and build a rural consumer market network with township supermarkets as the backbone and village-level chain convenience stores as the foundation. Encourage cooperation with large chain enterprises to jointly develop, build and operate commercial complexes and focus on the development of commercial service facilities such as restaurants, department stores and supermarkets.

　　2. Build rural logistics distribution facilities.

　　Overall planning and construction of rural logistics infrastructure, speed up the improvement of rural logistics infrastructure terminal network, establish a three-level logistics system of district logistics centers, township logistics stations and village-level logistics points, and realize "express delivery to every village". Promote supply and marketing, postal service, express delivery and transportation enterprises to expand the scope of cooperation, cooperation areas and service contents in rural areas, gradually establish a mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation mechanism with standardized services, and explore the joint construction of rural channels, facility sharing and business agency cooperation.

　　3. Build rural sports facilities

　　Encourage and support the use of old factories, warehouses, old commercial facilities and other idle resources, as well as free up space, transform and build national fitness venues and facilities. Rational use of country parks, outdoor squares, public green spaces and other space resources, the construction of rural sports and fitness activities. Promote the coverage rate of farmers’ physical fitness projects in administrative villages to remain at 100%, and strengthen the maintenance, updating and daily management of farmers’ physical fitness projects.

VIII. Deepening rural reform

　　Take deepening rural reform as an important starting point to promote rural revitalization, break down institutional and institutional barriers that hinder the free flow and equal exchange of urban and rural factors, further activate rural resource elements, release new vitality and inject new kinetic energy into rural revitalization.

　　(1) Deepening the reform of rural land system

　　Taking the relationship between farmers and land as the main line, we should improve the implementation mechanism of "village area management", safeguard farmers’ land rights and interests, make better use of living rural land resources, and ensure the demand for rural revitalization land.

　　1. Implement the contract extension policy.

　　Study and formulate the policy of extending the second round of land contract for another 30 years after it expires, so as to stabilize the rural land in contract relationship. Explore the effective realization form of "separation of three powers" in rural contracted land, and further liberalize the land management right on the premise of protecting collective ownership and farmers’ contracting rights according to law. Standardize the management of land transfer contracts, allow land management rights to participate in agricultural industrialization, and improve the level of farmers’ organization and moderate scale management. Implement the policy of land use for protected agriculture.

　　2. Establish and improve the unified urban and rural construction land market.

　　Promote the registration and certification of the right to use collective construction land. We will introduce supporting policies for collective construction land to enter the market, clarify the ways, methods and management measures to enter the market, and establish a fair and reasonable value-added income distribution mechanism so that farmers can share the fruits of urbanization through collective construction land. Rural collectives are allowed to convert idle homestead and abandoned collective public welfare construction land recovered with compensation into collective operating construction land to enter the market on the premise of farmers’ voluntary. Implement the policy of "point-to-point land supply" to provide land element guarantee for the integrated development of urban and rural industries. We will promote the retreat, reduction and intensive and economical use of collectively-operated construction land, encourage the docking of collectively-operated construction land with industrial functional zones and industrial parks, and develop industries that meet the rural functional orientation through the mode of using rights as shares and joint ventures. Improve the land acquisition system, standardize the policy of expropriation and compensation for collective land and houses, and safeguard the rights and interests of landless farmers and collectives.

　　3. Steadily and cautiously promote the reform of the homestead system.

　　We will implement the policy of strengthening the management of rural homestead and housing construction, improve the management mechanism of homestead examination and approval, classify households by region, and guide all districts to establish and improve the joint trial and joint office mechanism of township homestead and housing construction. Do a good job in the pilot reform of homestead system in Daxing District and Changping District, and explore the realization form of "separation of three powers" of homestead ownership, qualification and use right. Give play to the leading role of village collectives, explore the paid use of homesteads and the mechanism of voluntary paid transfer and withdrawal according to law, and standardize the active use of idle homesteads and rural houses. In the annual land use plan, the planned indicators of farmers’ residential construction land that need to be guaranteed are arranged separately to ensure the needs of villagers’ residential construction land. Solidly promote the registration and certification of the right to confirm the homestead, and basically realize the "should be boarded" by the end of 2023. Coordinate the reclamation of idle homestead.

　　(B) to expand the rural collective economy

　　Coordinate and promote the effective connection between low-income governance and the development of collective economy, develop and expand the rural collective economy, build a solid economic foundation for common prosperity, and enhance the service capacity of collective economic organizations.

　　1. Eliminate villages with weak collective economy.

　　Drawing on the working mechanism of low-income assistance, we will focus on promoting the transformation of helping specific groups to improve the overall development ability of villages with weak collective economy, establish pairing assistance measures, and enhance the "hematopoietic" function of villages with weak collective economy. Increase funds, policies and project support for villages with weak collective economy and ethnic villages in mountainous areas. Carry out pairing assistance, promote the income increase of weak rural collective economy villages, narrow the internal development and income gap in rural areas, and basically eliminate weak rural collective economy villages with operating income less than 100,000 yuan by 2025.

　　2. Deepen the reform of rural collective economic property rights system.

　　Accelerate the completion of the reform of the collective property rights system in the remaining unreformed villages. Take various forms, intensify the reform of township collective economic property rights system, and focus on the reform of township collective property rights system in green areas and key urbanization areas. Areas that have completed the reform of rural collective property rights system should strengthen standardized management and realize the preservation and appreciation of collective economy. Improve the structure of township collective economic organizations and straighten out the relationship between township collective economic organizations and village collective economic organizations. Improve the rural property rights transfer transaction service system.

　　3. Develop a new rural collective economy

　　Strengthen the leadership of rural grass-roots party organizations on rural collective economy. Accelerate the registration and coding of rural collective economic organizations, improve the governance structure of special legal persons, and establish a new mechanism for rural collective economic operation that meets the requirements of market economy. Taking the development of characteristic industries and revitalizing land resources as the starting point, we will broaden the development path of collective economy, promote the transformation and upgrading of collective industries, and enhance the ability of collective economic organizations to serve their members. Study and revise the Regulations of Beijing Municipality on the Management of Rural Collective Assets, strengthen the management of rural collective "three-capital" and prevent internal minority control and external capital occupation. Guide and standardize the development of rural property rights transfer trading market.

　　(C) to ensure the "three rural" capital investment

　　Take agriculture and rural areas as financial priority areas and financial priority services, and accelerate the formation of a diversified investment pattern with financial priority, tilted financial priorities and active social participation.

　　1. Increase the proportion of land transfer income used for agriculture and rural areas.

　　We will increase the inclination of public finance to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, adjust and improve the scope of land transfer income, gradually increase the proportion of land transfer income used for agriculture and rural areas to 8%, give priority to ensuring agricultural and rural investment, and ensure that financial investment is compatible with the objectives and tasks of rural revitalization. We will improve the long-term mechanism for the overall integration of agriculture-related funds, improve the agricultural subsidy policy aimed at improving production efficiency and tilting towards new agricultural business entities, and improve the efficiency of fund allocation. Support government bonds for major projects that complement the shortcomings of agriculture, rural areas and farmers and public welfare projects that integrate urban and rural areas.

　　2. Increase financial support for agriculture.

　　Improve rural financial service facilities and enhance the effective supply of rural finance. Guide banks to reasonably set the term of agricultural loans to match the agricultural production cycle. Improve the agricultural credit guarantee system, give play to the role of policy financing guarantee institutions, expand the guarantee business for new agricultural business entities, and promote the mortgage financing of greenhouses, breeding pens, large agricultural machinery and land management rights in accordance with the law. Improve the policy-based agricultural insurance system, promote the expansion of agricultural insurance, increase products and raise standards, and income insurance has become an important type of agricultural insurance.

　　3. Guide social capital to invest in agriculture and rural areas.

　　Explore the establishment of rural revitalization funds in a market-oriented way, and incite and guide more social funds to support rural revitalization. Deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, optimize the rural business environment, and encourage social capital to provide funds, industries and technologies for rural revitalization. Explore the win-win model of cooperation between social capital and village collectives, and encourage social capital to invest in agricultural fields suitable for industrialization, scale and intensive management. Encourage social forces to enter rural life service industry. Establish social capital to lease agricultural land supervision and risk prevention mechanism, ensure agricultural land use, and prevent rural collective property rights and farmers’ legitimate interests from being violated.

　　(D) to strengthen the rural revitalization of talent support

　　Focusing on "who will plant the land" and "who will revitalize the countryside", we should adapt to the demand for high-quality talents in agricultural and rural modernization, adhere to the combination of local training and introduction and input, and promote the revitalization of rural talents.

　　1. Cultivate rural practical talents

　　Strengthen the construction of practical talents in rural areas, carry out the identification of talent levels, implement the training project of farmers’ entrepreneurs and innovative and entrepreneurial talents in rural areas, accelerate the training of leading agricultural talents and innovative young talents in modern agricultural entrepreneurship, and cultivate a number of family farmers and cooperative professional managers. Focus on improving farmers’ literacy and skills, increase farmers’ education and training, improve farmers’ scientific and cultural quality, and cultivate a high-quality peasant team that meets the requirements of agricultural and rural modernization. Discover and cultivate a group of skilled craftsmen and characteristic handicraft inheritors who drive farmers to become rich.

　　2. Establish an incentive mechanism for urban talents to enter the countryside.

　　Build a volunteer service platform for social work and rural construction, and support and guide all kinds of talents to serve rural revitalization in various ways. We will implement support policies such as entrepreneurship subsidies and secured loans for talents returning to their hometowns, and realize the evaluation of professional titles and the selection of outstanding contributions to rural talents. Encourage and guide enterprise employees, college students, demobilized soldiers, migrant farmers and scientific and technological personnel to wait for rural innovation and entrepreneurship. Rural collective economic organizations are allowed to explore the talent joining mechanism. For the talents who have been pioneering and developing in rural areas for a long time, the government or village collectives provide necessary production and living services for those who have returned to their hometowns and all kinds of talents, and rural collective economic organizations can provide relevant welfare benefits according to the actual situation.

IX. Planning Implementation Guarantee

　　Deeply understand the significance of promoting the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, closely follow the goals and tasks set by the plan, grasp the rhythm, make sustained efforts, and make contributions for a long time to ensure that the goals and tasks of rural revitalization in the 14 th Five-Year Plan are realized as scheduled.

　　(A) to strengthen organizational leadership

　　Strengthen the Party’s overall leadership over the work concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers. Adhere to the party’s overall situation and coordinate all parties, give full play to the leading role of the rural work leading group of the municipal party Committee in overall planning and coordination, strengthen the leading core role and political responsibility of party committees (party groups) at all levels, implement the requirements of the five-level secretary for rural revitalization, and provide strong political guarantee for the implementation of the plan. To establish a contact point system for rural revitalization, responsible comrades of party committees and governments at all levels should determine the contact points. Around the "Five Revitalizations", special work classes led by relevant responsible comrades of Party committees and governments have been set up at the municipal and district levels. The Agricultural Office of the Party Committee breaks down the key tasks of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" every year and regularly schedules the progress of the work. The district committees and governments of agriculture-related areas should clarify the annual objectives and tasks and pay close attention to the implementation of the work. Township Party committees and governments should focus on the work concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, and do their best to implement specific tasks and projects. Village party organizations should play a good role as a fighting fortress, organize and lead the masses to promote rural revitalization to form vivid practice, and keep upright and innovative to tell the story of rural revitalization in Beijing.

　　(2) Strengthen coordination and linkage.

　　Strengthen the overall planning of major issues, strengthen coordination and cooperation, and form a more efficient work promotion mechanism. The municipal agricultural and rural departments take the lead in promoting the implementation of planning and related policies, and are responsible for coordinating relevant departments to make solid and orderly progress. Relevant departments at the municipal level will strengthen coordination and cooperation, formulate implementation plans for major goals and tasks in specific areas of rural revitalization, and clarify the main body of responsibility, timetable and road map. Agriculture-related areas should ensure that the development ideas, main objectives and key tasks of the 14 th Five-Year Plan should be coordinated with this plan, especially to strengthen the convergence of binding indicators and refine the implementation of objectives, tasks and specific measures involving this area.

　　(3) Improve supervision and evaluation.

　　Organize and carry out monitoring and statistics on the implementation of rural revitalization strategy, scientifically design and construct monitoring and evaluation index system, carry out annual monitoring and follow-up analysis, and objectively measure the progress and implementation level of rural revitalization strategy. We will implement the performance appraisal system for the party and government leading bodies and leading cadres in agriculture-related areas to promote rural revitalization strategy, strengthen the application of assessment results, and take the assessment results as an important reference for comprehensive assessment and evaluation of the party and government leading bodies and leading cadres in agriculture-related areas, and as an important basis for the allocation and use of incentive funds for rural revitalization. Explore the establishment of relevant municipal departments to promote the implementation of rural revitalization strategy assessment and evaluation mechanism.

　　At present, the changes in the past century have accelerated the evolution, and the recovery of the world economy has been hindered and long. What is the development prospect of the global industrial chain supply chain? How can countries strengthen cooperation and jointly safeguard the security and stability of the global industrial chain supply chain? On March 28th, at the sub-forum of "New Pattern of Industrial Chain and Supply Chain" held during the 2023 annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia, experts, scholars and business leaders from home and abroad got together to talk about development, and "unity and cooperation" and "openness and tolerance" became high-frequency words.

　　"No matter the COVID-19 epidemic, geopolitical conflicts, the downturn of the world economy and global warming, any challenge is related to the present and the future. Faced with these challenges, the voice of the international community for strengthening cooperation and promoting development is even louder and the desire is even stronger. " Li Baodong, Secretary General of Boao Forum for Asia, said at the press conference of the annual meeting.

　　"As far as we are concerned, whether it is resource investment or profit income, there is a considerable proportion and co-construction ‘ Belt and Road ’ Closely related. " Feng Bo, deputy general manager of China Ocean Shipping Group, said, "Thanks to open cooperation, we have made great progress in the process of international development."

　　In Feng Bo’s view, globalization is characterized by mutual integration and common destiny. In addition to sharing achievements, it is also necessary to share responsibilities. "In response to climate change, all countries and enterprises have the responsibility to meet the requirements of carbon reduction, environmental protection and green. Green and low-carbon transformation will breed new markets such as clean energy and promote the iterative upgrading of the industrial chain supply chain. "

　　Liang Weite, Chairman of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Construction Macau Committee of Boao Forum for Asia, said: "Building together ‘ Belt and Road ’ Driven by this, we have built a lot of infrastructure, and we also pay attention to making friends and sharing development achievements. "

　　The 2023 Annual Report on Asian Economic Prospects and Integration Process released during the 2023 annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia pointed out that China maintains a dominant position in the trade of intermediate products in Asia. Among the 22 kinds of intermediate products with the largest transaction volume, China has 20 kinds in the leading position. Asian economies are playing an irreplaceable role in the global value chain, and the process of regional production, trade, investment integration and financial integration will be accelerated.

　　Bei Zhemin, managing partner of Oliver Wyman Consulting, said that China plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the global industrial chain supply chain. In recent years, China’s industrial structure has been accelerated, and China’s manufacturing has strong competitiveness, and it is shifting to the middle and high end of the industrial chain.

　　Yao Yang, president of the National Development Research Institute of Peking University, believes that China has huge market scale and complete industrial chain advantages, and will continue to become the manufacturing center of the world.

　　China’s super-large-scale market has released a strong "magnet effect", which continues to attract foreign investors to increase their investment in China market. Ferry, head of Asia-Pacific region of Fen Cantieny Group, said: "The huge potential of China market is something we can’t ignore."

　　The stable operation of industrial chain supply chain is the key to smooth economic cycle. At present, the global industrial chain supply chain is being deeply reshaped, and transnational investment is becoming nearshore, localized and regionalized, which makes the industrial chain supply chain shorter and more flexible.

　　"In the global industrial chain supply chain, everyone is closely linked, and no one can be immune to it. All countries need to cooperate to solve the problems they face." Feng Bo believes that from the perspective of enterprises, it is necessary to adopt a development mode of integration and cooperation to make the supply chain more resilient and sustainable.

　　Practice the concept of mutual respect, win-win cooperation, and take practical actions to make development achievements better benefit people of all countries, which has become the common aspiration of experts, scholars and business leaders attending the meeting.

　　Li Baodong expressed the hope that through the discussion at the annual meeting, we can explore certainty in an uncertain world, promote solidarity and cooperation among all countries in the world, adhere to openness and tolerance, and better promote development.

　　According to the requirements of the Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on the Openness of Government Information (the State Council Order No.492, hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) and the Notice on Further Improving the Compilation and Release of the Annual Report on Government Information Disclosure (Guo Ban Kai Letter [2016] No.14), the 2015 annual report of the Ministry of Finance on government information disclosure is hereby released to the public. The full text includes an overview, proactive disclosure of government information, practical promotion of information disclosure in key areas, serious disclosure according to application, strengthening the construction of information disclosure platform, major problems and improvement measures, etc. The data statistics period is from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. This report can be found on the portal website of the Ministry of Finance (www.mof.gov.cn, hereinafter referred to as the portal website). If you have any questions about this report, please contact the Financial Information Disclosure Office of the General Office of the Ministry of Finance (address: No.3, South Third Lane, Sanlihe, Xicheng District, Beijing, zip code: 100820, telephone number: 68551570, and fax).

　　I. Overview

　　In 2015, according to the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Main Points of Government Information Disclosure in 2015 (Guo Ban Fa [2015] No.22), the Ministry of Finance strengthened the construction of portal website columns and government WeChat platform, and made full use of portal website, WeChat WeChat official account, Ministry of Finance proclamation, news media, newspapers and periodicals yearbook and other forms to announce fiscal policies and financial data to the public in a timely and proactive manner. We will comprehensively promote the disclosure of information in key areas such as the central financial budget and final accounts, the use of financial funds, administrative examination and approval, and government procurement, conscientiously handle matters that are disclosed upon application, and actively do a good job in policy interpretation and response, further expanding and refining the scope and content of financial information disclosure, and enhancing the timeliness and influence of financial information disclosure.

　　II. Proactive disclosure of government information

　　The Ministry of Finance regards the voluntary disclosure of government information as an important means to promote administration according to law, financial management according to law and the construction of service-oriented institutions. For government information that is voluntarily disclosed, it shall be disclosed within 20 working days from the date when the information is formed or changed, such as newly issued financial regulations, rules and normative documents. The national financial revenue and expenditure, the national lottery sales and the economic operation of state-owned and state-controlled enterprises have been published on the portal website on a monthly basis. The timely disclosure of special work was realized: on March 24, 2015, the national land transfer revenue and expenditure in 2014 was disclosed, and on November 27, the national science and technology investment bulletin in 2014 was published. In 2015, more than 180,000 pieces of information were published through portals and mobile websites, and more than 2,100 pieces of information were published through government WeChat. The average daily page views of portals exceeded 2 million, and the number of government WeChat subscribers was nearly 500,000. Published 12 issues of the Ministry of Finance Proclamation and published 164 policy documents.

　　Third, effectively promote information disclosure in key areas

　　(1) Promoting the information disclosure of financial funds.

　　The first is the disclosure of the central government’s budget and final accounts. In 2014, on the basis of the classification of expenditure function items, in 2015, the basic expenditure was disclosed to the economic classification items. On the basis of the disclosure of special transfer payments to specific projects, the budget of tax refund, general transfer payments and special transfer payments in different regions has been increased. On the same day, 100 central departments made public the departmental budget and final accounts and the "three public" funds budget and final accounts. On March 17, 2015, the Ministry of Finance published the Report on the Implementation of the Central and Local Budgets in 2014 and the Draft Central and Local Budgets in 2015 through the portal website; On March 25th, the central budget for 2015 was made public; On June 29th, the Report on the Final Accounts of the Central Government in 2014 was made public; On July 10, the 2014 national financial final accounts were made public; On July 17th, the Ministry of Finance organized the central department to make public to the public for the first time a number of legal and social information such as final accounts data of expenditure economic classification subjects, summary of financial appropriation income and expenditure, government procurement expenditure, operating expenses of government agencies, and occupation of state-owned assets, which won favorable comments from public opinion and the public. On November 16th, the Notes on the Final Accounts of the National Social Insurance Fund in 2014 was published.

　　The second is the disclosure of the central "three public" funds budget and final accounts. Actively coordinate the central departments to do a good job in publicizing the budget and final accounts of the "three public" funds. In the budget and final accounts made public by the central government in 2015, the expenditure table of "three public funds" and the final account table of "three public funds" were set up respectively, which reflected in detail the budget arrangement of "three public funds" and the implementation of the previous year, and further refined the "official vehicle purchase and operation fee" into "official vehicle purchase fee" and "official vehicle operation fee", and made them public for the first time. On April 17, 2015, the budget implementation of the "three public funds" in 2014 and the budget arrangement in 2015 were made public through the portal website. On June 28th, with the final report of the central government in 2014, the expenditures of the "three public funds" at the central level in 2014 were disclosed.

　　The third is the disclosure of national budget implementation information and local budget and final accounts. Set up "financial data" and "national financial revenue and expenditure" columns on the portal website, timely release the implementation of the national financial budget on a monthly basis, and actively explain the hot issues that may cause social concern in the operation of revenue and expenditure, and respond to public concern. Make unified arrangements and requirements for the subject, time, form and content of local budget and final accounts disclosure, make special reports on local budgets and final accounts of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), and make them publicly available in the "Special Review" column of the portal website. The Notice on Special Inspection of the Disclosure of Local Budgets and Accounts (No.84 [2015] of Finance Supervision) was issued, and special inspections were carried out on the timeliness, completeness and detail of the disclosure of local budgets and accounts. According to the relevant work arrangement of China’s accession to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS), the Ministry of Finance began to publish the monthly revenue and expenditure, financing data and quarterly debt balance data of the central government on a regular basis in mid-2015.

　　(two) to promote the information disclosure of financial administrative examination and approval. First, a column "Reform of Administrative Examination and Approval System" was set up on the portal website, and information such as policies and systems related to administrative examination and approval, financial administrative examination and approval items, and the progress of the reform of the examination and approval system were published in a centralized manner, so as to facilitate the public to obtain administrative examination and approval information in a timely manner. Second, in accordance with the requirements of the State Council’s Decision on Cancelling and Adjusting a Batch of Administrative Approval Items (Guo Fa [2015] No.11), the information of administrative approval for canceling adjustment was released in time. In 2015, five administrative approval items involving the Ministry of Finance cancelled by the State Council were all made public on the portal website, which promoted the implementation and orderly connection of the cancellation of decentralization of approval items. The third is to actively promote the disclosure of relevant information on administrative licensing. Open the "Online Administrative Examination and Approval" column on the portal website, fully disclose the setting basis of administrative license, and promote the disclosure of information such as the conditions, procedures, quantity and the catalogue of materials to be submitted for the implementation of license. Some flowcharts of administrative licensing matters have been made public on the portal website.

　　(3) Promoting the disclosure of government procurement information. First, on February 25, 2015, the Key Points of Government Procurement in 2015 was published, so as to let the public know the key points of government procurement in time and enhance the transparency of government procurement. The second is to implement the relevant provisions of the Regulations on the Implementation of the Government Procurement Law and improve the specific operating system of government procurement information disclosure. On July 17, 2015, the Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Doing a Good Job in Government Procurement Information Disclosure (Caiku [2015] No.135) was issued, which clarified the disclosure scope of various government procurement information, standardized the disclosure channels, and refined the disclosure requirements, which effectively promoted the disclosure of government procurement information. The third is to strengthen the operation and management of China government procurement network, improve the column setting, and timely disclose government procurement information, especially the information on bidding, winning the bid and correcting. Standardize the release and update of government procurement information content.

　　(4) Promoting the information disclosure of national debt and local government bonds. First, in the "Treasury Bond Management" column of the portal website, at the beginning of the year, the annual book-entry treasury bond bidding and issuance rules, savings bonds issuance quota management measures, key-term treasury bonds, 50-year treasury bonds, and savings bonds issuance plans were announced, and the debt service information of annual treasury bonds and local government bonds paid by the Ministry of Finance was announced; At the end of each quarter, announce the issuance plan of all national debt for the next quarter; Announce the issuance notice of book-entry treasury bonds 1 or 5 working days before the tender, and announce the issuance announcement on the day of the end of the tender; Announce the announcement of savings bonds’s issuance 5 working days before the issuance. Second, based on the release of the yield curve of key-term government bonds in 2014, the three-month and six-month government bond yields will be released in 2015 to provide a benchmark for financial market pricing. The third is to publish the relevant institutional measures for the issuance management of local government bonds on the portal website, and further improve the information disclosure system of local government bonds, such as information disclosure before issuance, issuance results disclosure, duration information disclosure, major events disclosure, and debt service disclosure. Guide the financial departments of local governments to do a good job in information disclosure of local government bonds according to regulations.

　　(five) the publicity of the results of the NPC deputies’ suggestions and CPPCC members’ proposals. In 2015, the Ministry of Finance made great efforts to improve the working mechanism, strengthen supervision and supervision, and consider, deploy and promote the handling of NPC deputies’ proposals and CPPCC members’ proposals together with business work as an important means to promote financial work, an important platform to build consensus, and an important channel to enhance understanding and support. In 2015, the Ministry of Finance handled a total of 4,103 proposals, of which 2,506 were proposed by representatives and 489 were sponsored. There were 1597 members’ proposals and 333 sponsors; A total of 38 key proposals were identified and 15 related policies and measures were introduced. In the portal "Suggestions" column, 57 summaries of 2014 replies were published.

　　Four, seriously handle the disclosure according to the application.

　　Establish "centralized acceptance and decentralized handling; The government information of "one order to the end, the whole process of tracking" is handled in public according to the application mechanism, and the standardized workflow of six steps, such as application acceptance, elements review, distribution, tracking and coordination, information provision and data archiving, is strictly implemented, and a system for handling government information in public according to the application is developed, which digitizes all links of acceptance, transfer, reply and archiving to realize the whole process. In 2015, a total of 145 applications for government information disclosure were received, all of which were handled in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Received 17 cases of information disclosure reconsideration with the Ministry of Finance as the respondent, and 13 cases of information disclosure litigation with the Ministry of Finance as the defendant and the specific behavior as the main body. This year, the Ministry of Finance did not collect fees from applicants for government information disclosure.

　　Five, strengthen the construction of information disclosure platform

　　(1) Improve the information content support system. Implement the "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Strengthening the Construction of Government Website Information Content" (Guo Ban Fa [2014] No.57) and the "Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Carrying out the First National Government Website Survey" (Guo Ban Fa [2015] No.15), pay close attention to the construction of portal website information content, and strive to improve the management level of portal website. Issued the "Notice on Further Improving the Information Content Construction of the Portal of the Ministry of Finance" to all units in the Ministry and local Commissioner’s Offices, strengthened the information release and update of the portal, and standardized the information release process of the portal. Earnestly carry out the general survey of the portal website and the China municipal government procurement network, do a good job in the investigation and information reporting, and earnestly do a good job in rectification. A total of 276 invalid links and 12 "sleep" columns were cleared in the sub-stations run by departments and commissioners.

　　(2) Improve the website information collection mechanism. Adhere to the monthly statistical bulletin portal departments, the Commissioner’s office, the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) finance department (bureau) sub-channel content security evaluation score, enhance the enthusiasm of each unit to upload information actively. The Ministry of Finance portal website sub-channels of some key information release schedule in 2015 was issued. On this basis, the information release task was decomposed into months, and letters were sent to various departments at the beginning of each month, and checked and coordinated at the end of each month, so as to effectively strengthen the organization and guidance for the information release of sub-channels of various departments of the portal website.

　　(3) Strict information release review. Establish an information release mechanism of "clear division of labor, clear rights and responsibilities, multi-person review and step-by-step control", and strictly review information release to ensure timely and accurate release of authoritative information. For key information such as financial news and photo news, the policy, text and figures are strictly controlled, and sensitive matters are repeatedly communicated with relevant units for revision.

　　(4) Strengthen financial news propaganda. Pay attention to the use of financial news publicity platform to improve the effect of financial information disclosure. Considering and arranging fiscal policy interpretation and fiscal policy formulation synchronously, the leaders of the organization department attended more than 30 press conferences (including briefings), interviews with Chinese government websites and joint interviews with journalists, organized relevant departments to hold press conferences (including briefings) and carry out policy interpretation for more than 40 times, and publicized the background, objectives and main points of the fiscal policy in various forms such as digitalization, charts and diagrams. Carefully use the international financial conferences attended by the Ministry of Finance, such as the 48th annual meeting of the ADB Board of Directors, the signing ceremony of the articles of association of the AIIB, the seventh special meeting of China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogue, and the G20 meeting of finance ministers and central bank governors, to be interviewed by the international mainstream media on issues of international concern, to publicize the healthy development of China’s economy, and to announce the development and achievements of China’s fiscal reform.

　　VI. Main Problems and Improvement Measures

　　In 2015, the work of financial information disclosure has achieved certain results, but there are still some problems such as the scope of disclosure needs to be expanded, the content of disclosure needs to be refined, and the construction of open platform needs to be strengthened. In 2016, the Ministry of Finance will focus on the following aspects:

　　(1) Further expand the scope of financial information disclosure. Conscientiously implement the "Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting the Openness of Government Affairs", adhere to the principle of openness as the norm and non-openness as the exception, closely focus on economic and social development and people’s concerns, continuously expand the scope of financial information disclosure, and strengthen financial information release and policy interpretation.

　　(two) to further improve the public budget and final accounts. Timely disclosure of reports and statements (except confidential information) on budgets, budget adjustments, budget implementation and final accounts approved by the People’s Congress and its Standing Committee according to law; All expenditures on budget and final accounts are disclosed to functional classification item-level subjects (except classified information) and to economic classification subjects (except classified information) according to regulations; Make public the tax refund, general transfer payment and special transfer payment in different regions, and make public the budget and final accounts of the next special transfer payment according to specific projects; All departments and units shall make public final accounts, indicating the number and number of delegations going abroad on business, the number and quantity of official vehicles purchased, and the batch and number of domestic official receptions.

　　(three) to further promote the disclosure of administrative examination and approval information. Timely disclose the application conditions, quantity, procedures and time limit of licensing matters, as well as all materials and information to be submitted when applying. Timely public cancellation, decentralization and implementation of administrative examination and approval project information.

　　(four) to further promote the disclosure of government procurement information. Do a good job in the information disclosure related to the whole process of government procurement, and disclose the overall situation of government procurement budget arrangement and procurement implementation in accordance with the requirements of public financial budget and final accounts. Make the disclosure of government procurement information an important part of supervision and inspection, and investigate the responsibility of purchasers and procurement agencies who fail to release government procurement project information according to law.

　　(V) Further strengthen the construction of the financial information disclosure platform. Strengthen the construction of the standard system of information disclosure catalogue, further improve the column setting of portal website, improve the mechanism of information content collection, review and release, and optimize the information query method. Make full use of new media such as WeChat WeChat official account to broaden the channels of information dissemination, enrich the content of WeChat information, and innovate the display forms of WeChat to meet the diverse information needs of different groups.

Xinhua News Agency, Washington, May 28th Financial observation: increasing tariffs pushes up inflation and weakens US economic growth

Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Chenglin Xu Yuan

A number of investment and research institutions in the United States recently issued a research report warning that the US government’s provocation of economic and trade frictions and tariff increases will significantly push up the inflation level in the United States, weaken the momentum of economic growth, and aggravate the risks facing the global economy.

Lewis Alexander, chief American economist of Nomura Securities, said on the 28th that the tariff cost will be passed on to the price of imported goods in the United States, which in turn will push up the domestic price level in the United States. He said that if the United States imposes a 25% tariff on about $300 billion of goods exported from China to the United States, the inflation level in the United States will rise by 0.5 percentage point in the next 12 months.

A research report released by Gita Gopinath, chief economist of the International Monetary Fund, and two other economists recently said that after the United States imposed tariffs on China, the price increase of imported goods was consistent with the tariff increase, indicating that the tariff cost was basically borne by American enterprises and consumers.

According to a report released by the Federal Reserve Bank of new york, the US government recently raised the tariff on $200 billion of goods exported from China to the United States from 10% to 25%, which will increase the annual burden of an ordinary American family by $831.

Personal consumption expenditures accounts for more than 70% of the American economy. Rising prices will curb consumption and have a negative impact on economic growth. Recently, many well-known banks and consulting institutions lowered their growth forecasts for the US economy. Among them, JPMorgan Chase lowered its growth forecast for the US economy in the second quarter from 2.25% to 1%, Oxford Economic Consulting Group from 1.6% to 1.3%, and Barclays Bank from 2.2% to 2%.

In addition, continuing to impose tariffs will also damage the global economic growth prospects and market confidence. According to the research report of Morgan Stanley, an investment bank, if the United States imposes a 25% tariff on the remaining 300 billion US dollars of goods imported from China, the global economy will go into recession.

The report of the International Monetary Fund also shows that if tariffs are imposed on all trade between China and the United States, the global gross domestic product (GDP) will be reduced by about 0.3% in the short term, and half of the impact will come from the frustration of business and market confidence.

Recently, the voice of the capital market for the Fed to cut interest rates has become increasingly strong, reflecting the impact of economic and trade frictions on market confidence. Athanasios Wamwakides, foreign exchange strategist of Bank of America Merrill Lynch, believes that if the US imposes tariffs again and triggers China’s counter-measures, it will damage the US economic prospects and increase the chances of the Fed cutting interest rates.

Since the beginning of this year, affected by many factors, such as the expected slowdown in economic growth, capital market volatility, and increased uncertainty in economic and trade negotiations, the Federal Reserve has suspended the pace of raising interest rates since the end of 2015, and the federal funds rate has remained at 2.25% to 2.5%, far from the level before the 2008 financial crisis.

This means that even if the Fed chooses to support the US economy by cutting interest rates in the future, the room for cutting interest rates is not as good as before. Lyle brainerd, director of the Federal Reserve, said recently that compared with the past, the space for the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates has narrowed, and the ability to use traditional interest rate instruments to cope with the economic downturn has correspondingly weakened.

In 2021, the relevant departments of the central government selected some cities and counties to carry out the first phase of party building in the field of road freight, and Danyang City was the first batch of pilot counties in Jiangsu Province. In the pilot work, the distinctive practice of "setting up a mobile party member Party branch relying on the traffic comprehensive law enforcement squadron to manage party member, an individual driver within the jurisdiction" created by Danyang has been fully affirmed by the competent authorities at all levels. The Ministry of Transport and the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Transportation have visited Danyang for investigation and guidance many times, and have been promoted nationwide and throughout the province.

I. Background and motivation

The manufacturing industry in Danyang is developed, and the export of raw materials and products is "two-headed", so there is a great demand for freight. There are 3,972 road freight operators in the city, including 838 enterprises and 3,134 self-employed households. There are 6,053 employees and 5,458 truck drivers, including 2,311 corporate drivers, 3,147 individual drivers and 88 drivers in party member, accounting for 1.6% of the drivers. The survey found that in recent years, affected by the economic downturn, COVID-19 epidemic and industry competition, there are mainly "five difficulties" in truck drivers:

One is the embarrassment of traveling. "The wheels have gone through thousands of waters in Qian Shan, and the drivers have suffered a lot.". In order to save time and cost, truck drivers often live in a narrow cab with the car as their home and the road as their partner, which makes it difficult to park, eat and wash. Especially in the current situation of multi-point epidemic, truck drivers running around often become the key targets of prevention and control, which are followed by persuasion, denial of access, vehicle isolation and different access policies, and they encounter it is hard to go.

The second is worries. A car carries not only goods, but also the livelihood of a family. Truck drivers are the pillars of the family, and some have to repay their vehicle loans and support their family life. Without goods, there is no source of income. Truck drivers have high work intensity, high risk, frequent occupational diseases and lack of relevant protection.

The third is the urgency of safeguarding rights. Truck drivers pull other people’s goods, but sometimes they can’t protect their rights. At present, there are many cars and less goods in the freight industry, such as freight arrears and stealing oil and goods, which leads to a poor working environment. It is difficult for self-employed drivers to grasp transportation policies and regulatory rules in time, and sometimes "there is no way to appeal", and some reasonable demands are difficult to be effectively solved.

Fourth, the confusion of identity, the road freight industry is at the end of the industrial chain. In the survey, many truck drivers admitted that "this job is not decent" and "it is not a long-term solution to make a living". There is no working time from nine to five, only a lonely and busy figure. When encountering unexpected situations, lacking psychological counseling and emotional relief, people often feel helpless and even have extreme behaviors.

The fifth is the difficulty of losing control. The management and service of truck drivers involve many departments, such as transportation, public security, market supervision and network information. The driver’s party member organizational relationship is generally in the place of residence or household registration, and people follow the car to become a moving party member. The "two lines" between the competent department of industry and the party organization do not intersect with each other, which objectively forms the "two skins" of business work and party building work. party member’s identity consciousness is indifferent, and his vanguard and exemplary role is not obvious.

Second, the main practices

Since 2021, Danyang City has focused on the "five difficulties" of truck drivers, made it clear that "goods run in Wan Li, the Party builds a long journey" as the main line of work, and insisted that "where truck driver party member goes, the Party’s organization and work will cover", so as to build a brand of party building in the road freight industry with "wheels rolling in party flag Red" and strive to create a warm "home" for truck drivers.

1. Strengthen industry joint construction, establish regional party workers’ organizations, and promote comprehensive coverage of party organizations and work. According to the professional characteristics and working status of truck drivers, we should innovate the way of organization setting and explore an organization system that runs through from top to bottom and covers a wide range. The first is to establish an industry party Committee. Relying on the transportation bureau, the county-level road freight industry party Committee was established, and it accepted the leadership of the transportation bureau party Committee and the "two new""Working committee guidance. Formulate and issue pilot opinions, establish joint departmental meetings, "double promotion" in the road freight industry, and form a working pattern in which the organization department takes the lead, the transportation department is specifically responsible, and the public security, trade unions, market supervision, and local governments work together. Support and guide the work of industry party committees by selecting party construction instructors and implementing party construction funds. The second is to form a "functional party branch"". Through enterprise investigation, village community consultation, transportation system information comparison and telephone inquiry, 88 truck drivers in party member were verified, including 42 in party member. According to the concept of gridding, relying on the land law enforcement squadrons of various districts of the Municipal Traffic and Transportation Comprehensive Law Enforcement Brigade, six functional party branches of truck drivers were established, with the staff of the law enforcement squadron party member as the party branch secretary. According to the mode of "one party subordinate and multiple management", party member, a mobile driver, was urged to report to the functional party branch of the freight driver in his residence nearby, and 58 mobile drivers party member and party member, an enterprise driver who did not have the conditions to establish a party branch separately, formed an organizational structure of "industry party committee+gridded party branch" to realize the mobile driver. The third is to unite the joint efforts of trade unions. Actively give play to the role of trade unions in cohesion and encouragement, promote road freight enterprises to form trade unions according to law, explore new ways and paths for truck drivers to join trade unions, innovatively set up a municipal road freight industry trade union federation and six district road freight industry joint trade unions, promote the first batch of 813 truck drivers to join trade unions, unite more drivers around party organizations, and promote the deep integration and overall improvement of party building, industry and construction.

2. Adhere to the organization linkage, implement tripartite education, and promote the flow of truck drivers. The education management in party member is effective. Follow the characteristics of road freight enterprises and truck drivers, give full play to the tripartite role of truck drivers’ party committees, functional party branches and local party organizations in party member, establish five working systems such as centralized learning and special activities of party branches, and explore a long-term mechanism for the education and management of truck drivers in party member. The first is to strengthen the "unification" of industry party committees. Relying on the comprehensive performance testing center of motor vehicles, we will build a county-level service center for the party and the masses in the road freight industry, as the seat of the party committee of the industry, and integrate "one-stop" services such as truck testing, annual inspection, violation handling, publicity and education, rest and fitness. Implement a special fund of 100,000 yuan every year, comprehensively guide the education and management of truck drivers in party member, and promote the service center between the party and the masses to keep the doors open, the places commonly used, the activities often held, and the drivers often come to gather popularity and people’s hearts. The second is to strengthen the "grasping" of functional party branches. Party-mass service stations should be built in each functional party branch, so that party member can participate in branch activities nearby. Take the way of "online learning as the mainstay and offline activities as the supplement", establish a branch WeChat group, and rely on online platforms such as learning power and Jiangsu Pioneer.Organize party member, an individual truck driver, to carry out activities such as political theory study, road transportation, traffic safety and other laws and regulations publicity and education, volunteer service, etc., to ensure that the organizational life is continuous, not out of shape, and not lacking items, and to enhance political leadership and political cohesion for the truck driver group. At the same time, a "political living room" will be set up in the homes of freight companies and truck drivers at gas stations."Let party member hear the voice of the Party anytime and anywhere when parking and having a rest, and get party spirit education. The third is to strengthen the "pocket" of local party organizations. Establish a two-way mutual recognition mechanism between functional party branches and village (community) party organizations, explore party member, the truck driver’s "pioneering outstanding achievements and integral management", and the functional party branches will give feedback to the village (community) party organizations every year as an important reference for democratic evaluation of party member, so that drivers in party member can stop to see the organization image, hear the organization voice when they run, and feel recognized by the organization when they get home.

3. Highlight the service connection, do three kinds of care, and promote the warmth of the party to be transmitted to truck drivers to the maximum extent. Actively respond to the demands and hopes of truck drivers, give play to the role of party organizations at all levels, do a good job of unity and cohesion, and effectively help truck drivers solve their "urgent difficulties and worries"And safeguard the legitimate rights and interests. The first is to strengthen road care. Relying on freight platform enterprises to build a "driver’s home" and relying on gas stations to build a "red gas station", so that long-distance truck drivers can drink hot water, eat hot meals, take a hot bath, sleep well, and get through the contact service "the last meter". Recently, the Party Committee of Danyang Road Freight Industry, in addition to doing its best to prevent and control the epidemic situation at traffic checkpoints, took into account the long journey and difficult transportation of truck drivers, and began to organize personnel to send more than 25,000 love snacks to long-distance truck drivers from other places in Denmark on April 7, which made the majority of drivers and passengers feel caring. The second is to strengthen care for difficulties. We formulated special measures to care for truck drivers, improved the system of heart-to-heart talks, and strengthened humanistic care and psychological counseling. Party branch secretaries conducted "home visits" to 58 truck drivers in party member to learn more about party member’s work, life and family, and listen to their opinions and suggestions. Highlighting the precise assistance of truck drivers with difficulties, the Party Committee of the industry, together with civil affairs, trade unions and other departments, sorted out and investigated 5,458 truck drivers in the city, established management files, managed one person and one file dynamically, helped and rescued more than 40 families of truck drivers with difficulties, and sent the care and warmth of party organizations to the hearts of the majority of truck drivers. The third is to strengthen the appeal and care. Establish and improve the appeal direct mechanism of "employees-party member-platform enterprises, mobile party member Party branches-industry party committees", establish two systems of truck drivers’ appeal resolution and difficulty assistance, and clarify the "three musts"That is to say, the problems reflected must be registered, solved within a limited time or handed in in time, the parties must be given feedback, and the contact number of party member, a functional party branch, should be made public. Establish a rapid response mechanism for classification and classification of appeals, classify legitimate and reasonable appeals according to industries and levels, clarify the time limit for disposal, and highlight the style of "doing it right away". At present, more than 60 items have been solved, such as parking difficulties, children’s schooling, re-employment, and related expenses reduction and exemption.Be anxious and anxious"Problems, so that the demands of the majority of drivers are reflected, problems are coordinated, and difficulties are solved.

4. Highlight the joint efforts of the Party and the masses and carry out three actions to promote party flag to fly high in the road freight industry. Promote the transformation of truck drivers’ groups from governance objects to governance forces, effectively activate the role of truck drivers’ party organizations and party member, and constantly unite truck drivers’ groups to love the party. The first is to carry out "industry pioneer"Action. Explore party building to lead industry self-discipline, win logistics in platform enterprises, establish the vision of "keeping the oath of joining the party and building smart logistics together", build enterprise party-mass service centers, and integrate party building work into all aspects of enterprise development. Carry out safety education and share safety stories in drivers’ homes and party branch activities. At the same time, establish and improve the self-discipline convention of road freight industry, guide enterprises and drivers to work safely, standardize services, and improve their professional level. The second is to carry out "pioneer on the chain""action. In the road freight work chain, guide the truck driver party member to post, show his identity, clarify his responsibilities and set an example. Promote the functional party branch to contact more than 5 truck drivers in each party member, and collect and report the rights and interests maintenance and group dynamics in a timely manner. We will carry out the selection of outstanding models, comprehensively consider the performance of model taking the lead, obeying laws and regulations, driving safely, and service effectiveness, and select 20 "most beautiful drivers" among truck drivers, 10 "pioneer party member" among driver party member, and 5 "pioneer motorcades" among freight enterprises to better mobilize the enthusiasm of drivers. The third is to carry out "Anti-epidemic pioneer"action. Give full play to the role of the party organization as a fighting fortress, and guide the majority of truck drivers to effectively guarantee the transportation of emergency materials and production and living goods in the epidemic prevention and control work. In March this year, affected by the epidemic, agricultural products in many planting bases in Danyang were unsalable. The Party Committee of Danyang Road Freight Industry immediately launched freight logistics enterprises and production enterprises to help transport and sell agricultural products. Freight drivers took the initiative to participate in the "Helping Agriculture Action" to help solve the urgent needs and effectively shoulder the heavy responsibility of ensuring supply and smoothness, which was praised by the masses.

Third, some inspirations

Starting from the characteristics and laws of party building work in road freight industry, this paper reviews and summarizes the practice of party building work in road freight industry, and gives us the following enlightenment on where "party flag Red" should be popular:

First, "Red" is led by the Party building, and only by insisting that party flag floats in the front line can we build a strong organizational fortress. Upholding the leadership of the Party is the core of all work. Practice shows that the fundamental reason for a series of achievements in party building in Danyang road freight industry lies in giving full play to the role of the party’s leading core and political core. By strengthening the construction of functional party branches in party member, giving play to the role of the party organization as a fighting fortress and a vanguard and exemplary role in party member, the party’s political advantage is transformed into an endogenous driving force for the development of the industry, constantly boosting the spirit, rallying strength, and promoting the realization of quality improvement, efficiency improvement and healthy development of the industry.

Second, the "red" is cohesive, and insisting on resources sinking to the front line can stimulate the red power. In the grass-roots party building work, we need to think deeply about how to gather all kinds of resources, integrate all forces and comprehensively promote the party building work according to the development direction of the party. The number of party member in Danyang road freight industry is small, so it is difficult to cover the whole industry only by Party organizations. In practice, by integrating resources, innovating to set up trade union organizations, we strive to build a working pattern of "Party building leads industry construction, and industry construction promotes party building", which condenses the joint efforts of party workers and organizations, not only expands the coverage of party building work, but also optimizes the utilization of resources and consolidates the class foundation and mass foundation of the party’s governance.

Third, "red" is solving the problem and insisting on warmth to the front line in order to gain the recognition of truck drivers. How to effectively protect the rights and interests of truck drivers and solve the pain points, difficulties and blocking points that plague truck drivers has always been the difficulty of grassroots governance, and it is also the fundamental starting point and foothold for party building in the road freight industry. We always adhere to the problem orientation, strive to be "insiders" and not "bystanders", treat their "small things" as "important things" by creating a carrier of service positions, unblocking channels for reflecting demands, and establishing a problem-solving mechanism, and truly care for truck drivers, thus effectively enhancing their sense of acquisition, happiness and security.　

Text | Wang Zhongyang lp

I will automatically pop up the relevant entry of "Michelle J" when I search for the relevant information of "Chef Fang with a Pot in the Flower Room". I will talk about this actor who plays the female host "Fang Yibiao" later.

Last week, when our editor-in-chief ordered me to talk about Ruan Lingyu, he told me by the way that Chef Fang could also be talked about in the choice space. This online drama was compared with others when I swore last year, which meant "Look at others, look at you, look at the big Lao Li next door". At that time, Chef Fang with a pot in the flower room was defined as "a seriously underestimated online drama". Considering that the Chinese New Year is coming soon, if you want to talk about fighting, killing or ghostly things, at least you have to wait until the end of the New Year.

I read the novel "Chef Fang" first and then watched the online drama. It was many years later. At that time, when it was released in 2012, I monitored the national box office screening one night. I had nothing to do in the morning, and found a post called "Chef Fang with a pot in the flower room". At that time, I thought I would stop watching it if it wasn’t scary. Who knows, I couldn’t stop watching it and watched it directly until dawn.

The novel is not long, the plot is coherent, and the character "Fang Yibao" is also three-dimensional. The image of a charming, lovely, intelligent and upright girl comes to my eyes through the story. At that time, the criticism and praise of the novel were half, some people said it was "Xiao Qingxin" and others said it was "Xiao Bai Wen".

I have a fair evaluation of it, not amazing, but I don’t hate it.

Five years later, when the online drama of the same name was launched, I was indifferent at first, which was similar to my first impression of The Ferry of the Soul:

Looking at no coffee and no flowers, you must be embarrassed to call mom.

In addition, I still have some "fears" before watching this drama, because when Kerui’s Strange Tales of the Urban Demon was changed into an online drama, my "original powder" was greatly hit after watching it, and I vowed never to watch or change the screenwriter again, especially the online drama.

But in the end, just like The Ferry of the Soul, I was very surprised by The Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room. This online drama is not adapted to the original. Except for adding two or three auxiliary characters, it is basically loyal to the original. The most important thing is that the portrayal of the female host "Fang Yibao" and the male host "Shen Yong" in it is also very consistent with my basic impression of the novel characters.

So this drama became a work in my favorites in the following years, and it was often compared with some masterpieces by some great directors and editors. The so-called-

Jianghu has a spoonful of female names,

The food adds fragrance and smiles.

The prodigal son will never change his gold,

I don’t like red makeup, I like braised pork.

one

First words: a spoonful of stories and a spoonful of wine

I’m not very good at talking about the content of TV series, because TV series is not like movies, and a story is divided into dozens of episodes, especially the content like series is often very scattered. Movies are different. The basic framework of 90 minutes is understandable, so people often pay more attention.

Later, I watched more TV dramas, and I had some immature ideas. I wonder if I can assume that if I am a normal person, then my perception ability is relatively normal when I accept a story. Will the content that makes me feel "scattered" not be because of my IQ, but because the writer and director have some "small problems", and the result seems to be "scattered"?

Of course, if it may offend people, then continue to assume that there is something wrong with my IQ.

It’s just that no matter whether it’s "The Ferry of Soul" or "The Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room", this kind of series won’t confuse my thinking. What they have in common is that "there are only a few characters, but the story has been refurbished", and they finally achieve sublimation by constantly breaking through the barriers like monsters.

For example, the appearance of "Fang Yibiao" is a very "ordinary" appearance. She was originally a female cook who traveled the rivers and lakes alone. She opened a wonton stall somewhere and met an old rich man who was fooled by a fortune teller. The old rich man didn’t want his daughter to marry the magistrate, Shenyang, who had a famous dissolute son "Shen Yong" in the city. It can not be said that everyone loved her, but also that God hated ghosts.

So he followed the fortune-teller’s advice and went to the street to look for a substitute. He bumped into Fang Yibao. When the girl saw his haggard face, she made him a bowl of wonton, but he was grateful and knocked him unconscious and stuffed him into a sedan chair … Thus, a story of irony and "liveliness" began.

Say "ironic" because the characters are really funny. Both Shen Yong and Fang Yibao are lovely people, such as "Shen Yong". The whole city says that he is an asshole. In fact, he is in a rebellious period and can’t get his father’s approval, so he changed his tricks. As a result, he met Fang Yibao, who can beat him with a rolling pin. This girl is not an ordinary shrew, and she is illiterate. However, her cultural quality is extremely low.

Not flashy, down-to-earth, know what is good and what is bad.

This is interesting. The ancients said that "the prodigal son will never change his money", and Chef Fang just let Fang spoonful use a rolling pin to show the audience "about how I trained my naughty husband who didn’t rely on four or six". Looking at these two little guys on the screen, you chase after me. There is no kissing scene and sex scene, but it just makes people feel natural and comfortable, much like the modality of boys and girls in the lush years.

It is said that "the color is lively and fragrant" because the author Ya Ya must be a foodie. In Chef Fang, she showed dozens of different cooking methods, which made people’s forefinger move when they read the words. In the play, through various dishes, it made my mouth water.

The best thing is that I have personally practiced the tricks taught to everyone by "Fang Yi Shao", such as how to use stinky tofu and pig’s head to sandwich sesame cakes, and how to put the bottom material in noodles, which is really delicious. In my opinion, this benefits me more than the story itself, and it is much more reliable than the "Twenty-four Bridges and Moonlit Night" by Mr. Jin Yong.

Of course, I don’t want to blow the whistle on "Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room", because it does have some shortcomings, such as the language of the characters is too modern, and the clothes are a little confusing. You can’t tell which dynasty these people lived in, although the story itself is an overhead history. But this is an unavoidable injury in this play.

There’s another problem—

After all, the Cinderella whose ending can’t be avoided is not a mortal, but a royal princess who once lived among the people. As for Shen Yong’s father, Shen Yibo, and the fortune teller mentioned at the beginning, they were also arranged to fall into the whirlpool of palace fighting, and the palace fighting also had no technical content.

However, the flaws do not hide Yu’s flaws. The Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room is not a "palace fight drama" in itself. It is a suspense drama of love and food in a costume drama. This kind of drama can let me take it out from time to time, not by how well-made and well-performed it is, but by "simplicity".

two

Repeat: Three Two Surprises, Three Two Springs

"Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room" gradually perfects their respective understanding of life, responsibility, love, affection and friendship through short stories that men and women have experienced passively or actively. Inspired by Fang Yibao, Shen Yong began to follow the magistrate’s father, Shen Yibo, and Shen Yibo gradually relied on his son from the beginning.

In the process, different people are met in each case, and the degree of good and evil is different, which is inseparable from the "one scoop" food offensive. Not blunt, not "big lady", and even can say that she is "silly and sweet" interpreted by "anti-big lady".

The online drama is faithful to the novel, and the style of the novel is quite "sweet". It just seems that I am not tired, I don’t need to think, I am completely relaxed, and I can continue to watch.

Speaking of which, I’m a little skeptical myself. I think I’ve always liked to watch something with a little depth. I talk about Chef Fang and praise it as a bit like Mozart’s hand-waving. But on second thought, I like it far more than some film and television dramas that are often worth over 100 million yuan, full of stars and of great significance to the times. Perhaps it’s because of its high purity. "Purity" means that it can let me find a kind of "sense of relaxation" and a beautiful yearning for interpersonal relationships and the essence of life.

It outlines a simple happiness through the tolerance and love of the Shenfu family for "Fang Yi Shao" from beginning to end, and the yearning of a bunch of official servants for "wealthy family" to cook every time. It is also the first time I feel:

It is more "a beautiful thing" to outline life and resolve contradictions with delicious food than "chicken soup is coming"

Incidentally, Michelle J, the actor who plays "Fang Yibiao", looks good in costume, which happens to be in my aesthetic sense. It’s perfect for this girl who looks "fleshy and MengMeng" to perform a relaxed and humorous play, but it’s a pity that she is said to have retired.

In this drama, all the leading actors and supporting actors, such as Lei Mu, Chang Cheng, Li Xiaohong, Fang Yao and Ben Hu, the adopted son of Shen Jie, are online. Unfortunately, no better works have been seen since then.

In fact, the investment and production scale of this drama is not large, and it won’t cost much in the later period. Some treasures can be found in it, including young singer Sun Zihan and his full set of theme songs and ending songs, such as Cooking Love, Memories So Hurt, Always Stupid, etc. At first glance, you can know that it is the "Lian Heng" between the music company and the production unit, but there is a saying that the content level of lyrics and composition is good.

It has been almost five years since the drama was launched in 2017. In the past five years, China’s online dramas have gradually matured, and even have the momentum of catching up with "orthodox" TV dramas. I didn’t care before. Later, when I was forced to write articles and look up information, I began to gradually correct my previous prejudice against this kind of online film and television drama.

　

I even began to have some doubts about the "traditional works" that I once thought were orthodox.

three

Last words: half a table is crazy and half a table is drunk.

Someone once commented that the theme of "Chef with a Pot in the Flower Room" is very grounded, so it is popular. I don’t quite agree with this statement. Because film and television dramas, as well as any other forms of artistic expression, should be grounded in itself.

What is "grounding gas"? According to the official language, it is "close to people’s lives, reflecting people’s stories, and showing the beauty of working people through artistic re-creation".

Of course, I’m not calling people names, I’m not a junior four …

Where have you been? Don’t get me wrong. I’m talking about the "little four" who bullied his teacher and destroyed his ancestors in Farewell My Concubine. He insisted on arguing with his master, "Why isn’t Peking Opera beautiful when it comes to the working people?"

I mean, there is no shame in making money, but you should have a clear understanding of your position. You can’t look down on the "working people" while making money. Art itself is to earn other people’s money. In the end, it seems to be a very elegant thing to feel that you are not "grounded", which is "when you stand up again", isn’t it?

In the past twenty years, my feeling is that "grounding gas" should be a subconscious move in the film and television industry. Professionals can certainly evaluate the lens, light and shadow, wide angle and performance of a film and television drama, and money makers can also use data, coffee spots, lineups, money piles and "Do you know how hard they (I intentionally) work?" As a gimmick for marketing and money. However, we must not really take these as the standard for creating works, let alone underestimate the IQ of the audience, nor ignore the needs of the audience.

No matter how famous people are, they should have a clear understanding in their hearts: you know best whether your work is sincere or false, and you know well whether others praise you from the heart or whether the scene is polite. Only sometimes, when some "masterpieces" come out, they are always crowned with various expectations, and only after they come out, they regret to find that "they look like Zhao Dan from a distance and look at Fui-On Shing from a distance".

Therefore, only by modestly lowering your posture and going deep into the audience and looking for what they like to see can you make your artistic creation level "evergreen" forever.

If nothing else, take "The Ferry of the Soul" as an example. tales of mystery, who first appeared in the world, is frank and pure; The same is true of Chef Fang. The main creator may think that the story itself is already very good, and it is too melodramatic to add his own ideas at random to express or criticize anything. Because it is very simple, besides letting you learn some cooking skills, it tells you how to get along with men and women, father and son and family with stories, and there are not so many Shakespeare-style lines and Bollywood-style mirrors.

In this way, Chef Fang is also "perfect". The perfection lies in that it has no sequel, no "third season" and no "thoughts". It is simply like "Chef Fang" himself:

I am just a little girl, and I have no great ambition.

The above can be regarded as a drunken remark by "Chef Fang".

?

Wen | Xianfeng Chuang (ID:xianfengk2vc), by Zhang Runtao

Core point of view:

1. 【 Macro Pattern 】The size of China’s automobile aftermarket is 1.2 trillion, which is about half that of the United States, but the number of auto parts manufacturers, auto parts distribution channels and maintenance service enterprises is twice that of the United States. On the whole, China’s automobile aftermarket is in the form of "ant market", and there are obvious opportunities for integration in all aspects.

At present, the core contradiction between supply and demand in the automobile aftermarket is not the inefficient matching of traffic, but the low efficiency of the supply chain of automobile parts and the low quality of maintenance services. Therefore, it is difficult for giants (Ali, Tencent, JD.COM, Baidu, Didi, Guazi, Manbang) who use traffic to bless the track to quickly end the war in a short time by means of user subsidies, and emerging startups can still break through with their own unique advantages.

2. [Opportunities and Methods]Driven by two forces on the demand side (a large number of cars leave the maintenance period+consumption upgrade) and three forces on the supply side (due to the mature productivity trained for OEM in Europe and America+excellent scale effect of China’s auto parts circulation channels+mature technical infrastructure of maintenance services), China’s automobile aftermarket will systematically spawn a variety of entrepreneurial-investment opportunities, and startup companies can learn from the 13 methods mentioned in this paper to create long-term value and become industry unicorns.

3. [Valuation System and Growth Timeline]Venture companies interested in contacting VC capital can aim at "becoming a unicorn of 1 billion dollars in 8 years" and benchmark the valuation system of listed companies in the US stock market, so as to push back their own business rhythm and team configuration.

When will unicorns come out of China automobile aftermarket? This is a topic that entrepreneurs and investors often discuss in the industrial upgrading track.

On the one hand, Auto Zone, Advance Auto Parts, O’Reilly and NAPA, the four major chains in the field of auto parts in the United States, stand at a market value of tens of billions of dollars, and there are unicorns with a market value of billions of dollars in the field of maintenance services, such as Monro Muffler Brake and Valvoline, but there is no listed giant in China that can compete with them in the same amount.

On the other hand, Internet giants such as BAT/ JD.COM/Didi have been exploring the post-steam for a long time, and star startups such as Kangzhong/Batulu/Kaisi have also been in the post-steam battlefield for many years. However, at present, the whole post-steam competition pattern in China is not clear, and new players are still eager to try with their own unique resources.

These two characteristics make new entrepreneurs and investors always reluctant to take their eyes off the automotive aftermarket in China.

This paper tries to analyze the present situation and future of China automobile aftermarket from the perspective of Top-Down — —

Part.1　　The Market Size and product-service categories of automobile aftermarket are presented in an overview;

Part.2　　This paper systematically analyzes the competitive pattern of automobile aftermarket from three aspects: macro supply system, core track players and giant layout.

Part.3　This paper introduces the macro trend that affects the automobile aftermarket, and gives 13 "tricks" to achieve the unicorn after automobile in the future;

Part.4　From the perspective of capital market, this paper shows the valuation system of post-automobile companies with examples, and discusses the method of reversing the growth timeline of enterprises based on this.

I hope this article can bring some reference value to entrepreneurs, industry professionals and friends who are concerned about the post-steam industry, and welcome friends who are interested in this topic to exchange and discuss.

I. Market Size

In 2018, the automobile aftermarket in China is about 1.2 trillion, including 780 billion auto parts (65%) and 420 billion maintenance services (35%).

Automobile aftermarket size = car ownership × average car consumption, divided into two core elements — —

1. Car ownership

In 2018, the number of cars in China was 240 million (including passenger cars and commercial vehicles), with a growth rate of 10.6% (the number of new cars in 2018 was 28.08 million, down 3% year-on-year). Although the number of new car transactions declined, the overall number of cars will continue to rise in the future.This data can also be confirmed from the car ownership of thousands of people — — As can be seen from the figure below, China’s car ownership of 1,000 people is not only far lower than that of developed countries such as the United States and Japan, but also lower than that of many developing countries, and there is still room for increasing car ownership in the future.　

The number of P.S. cars with 1,000 people depends on population density, economic level, public transportation level and other factors, so I won’t analyze them here. The above large numbers are only for reference.

2. Average car consumption amount

In 2018, the average car consumption of China Automobile for maintenance was about 5,000 yuan; This variable is positively related to the average age of cars. At present, the average age of cars in China is 5 years, and it will inevitably increase in the future.

Based on the two basic driving forces, namely, the increasing number of cars in China and the increasing age of cars, it is expected that the future automotive aftermarket will be in the growing trillion-dollar volume for a long time.

Second, product & service category

The final deliverables in the automotive aftermarket include [auto parts] and [maintenance services].

1. Auto parts

Auto parts refer to all the parts that make up a car; According to the maintenance or replacement cycle, auto parts are usually divided into two categories: [wearing parts] and [whole vehicle parts] — —

① Wearable parts

Wearable parts refer to accessories that must be repaired or replaced after a certain mileage or time. Typical categories of wearing parts include: engine oil, gearbox oil, brake oil, tires, engine oil filter, air filter, air conditioning filter, gasoline filter, spark plug, antifreeze, brake pads, brake discs, etc.

② Complete vehicle parts

　Whole vehicle parts refer to the parts that must be repaired or replaced after an accident. Typical whole vehicle parts include: engine, bumper, gearbox, oil cylinder and so on.

Due to the numerous manufacturers of various brands, and the characteristics of many cars, models and models under each brand, the number of SKUs of auto parts is huge — — At present, the average SKU of automobile spare parts is about 30,000, and the overall SKU of automobile spare parts is more than 50 million. This is a huge SKU volume for a single industry, but looking at the breakdown of wearing parts and whole car parts categories:Wearable parts are universal (for example, different models can share the same specification of engine oil), so the effect of collecting orders is obvious for players who are trading platforms, and they are relatively suitable for self-operation; The universality of the whole vehicle is weak, so the effect of collecting orders is not obvious for players who are trading platforms, and it is relatively suitable for third-party infrastructure (Marketplace, logistics, supply chain finance, etc.).

2. Maintenance service

Maintenance service refers to the human service of automobile parts maintenance or replacement and beauty care. Usually, the maintenance or replacement of beauty care and wearing parts is a high-frequency service item, and the maintenance or replacement of whole automobile parts is a low-frequency service item.

At present, the size of China’s automobile aftermarket is about 1/2 that of the United States (the car ownership of the two countries is similar, but the average age of the car in the United States is twice that of China+), but the number of auto parts manufacturers, auto parts distribution channels and maintenance service enterprises is twice that of the United States — —On the whole, the post-steam market in China is in a relatively scattered "ant market" form, and the quality and efficiency of products and services are uneven, so there are obvious opportunities for integration.

First, the macro supply system

Because there are two core factors in China: ① few car owners master maintenance technology and ② low labor cost, 95% of maintenance services are provided by 4S shops and repair shops, and only 5% of car owners will choose to repair their own cars; Therefore, [automotive aftermarket] has also formed two core circulation paths based on this:

A.4S shop system (accounting for 20%): auto parts manufacturer authorized by the main engine factory → Main engine factory after-sales department → 4S shop → Consumers;

B. Independent post-market system (accounting for 75%): &rarr, an auto parts manufacturer not authorized by the OEM; Agent → Dealer → Auto parts city retailer → Repair shop → Consumers.

The following describes the basic status quo of three types of supply roles: auto parts manufacturers, auto parts distribution channels and service terminals — —

1. Auto parts manufacturers

① Auto parts manufacturer authorized by the OEM (original parts)

This kind of auto parts manufacturers have formed a long-term and stable cooperative relationship with automobile brand manufacturers, such as Denso in Japan, Bosch in Aisin Germany and Mainland China, which produce auto parts according to the design requirements of automobile brand manufacturers, put on the Logo of automobile brand and sell them to automobile brand manufacturers, and then circulate them to 4S stores.

Such manufacturers represent the most advanced supply chain level of auto parts in terms of quality and efficiency, and because of the profit margin requirements of automobile brand manufacturers and 4S shop system, the brand premium of auto parts of such manufacturers is often very high when they are circulated to consumers.

② Auto parts manufacturers not authorized by the OEM.

This kind of auto parts manufacturers can be roughly divided into three categories — —

Class A (factory parts): Class A manufacturers are completely auto parts manufacturers authorized by the OEM, but they sell another part of their production capacity to the independent post-market (without the Logo of the automobile brand), but the supply chain system behind them is exactly the same. Because the premium of automobile brand is removed, the price of such accessories in the independent market is 20%~30% cheaper than that in the 4S shop system, so it is the best choice for consumers in the independent market.

Class B (sub-factory parts): evolved from the foundry of Class A manufacturer. In the process of OEM for international brands, Class B manufacturers have mastered the skilled supply chain technology (especially in the more general consumable parts category). In order to expand their own revenue and profits, they often choose to create their own brands and sell them to the circulation channels of the independent market system. The quality and efficiency of Class B manufacturers in many auto parts categories are almost the same as those of international brands, so it is the second best choice in the post-independence market system.

Class C (spare parts): a "self-reliant" manufacturer that has no direct relationship with the auto parts manufacturer authorized by the main engine factory. Relying on the research of auto parts in the market and close contact with Class B manufacturers, these manufacturers indirectly mastered the supply chain technology of auto parts, and based on this, they created their own brands and sold them to the circulation channels of the independent market system. Class C manufacturers are weaker than Class A in quality and efficiency, but they can still meet the needs of most parts in automobile aftermarket service.

2. Distribution channels of auto parts

① OEM after-sales department

The after-sales department of the main engine factory is also the after-sales department of automobile brand manufacturers, which purchases automobile parts from authorized manufacturers and sells them to 4S stores at a higher price. Because the 4S shop has the brand premium authorized by the automobile manufacturer, and the automobile manufacturer decides the supply of auto parts in the 4S shop by policy instructions, the main engine factory often sells it to the 4S shop with a higher gross profit (the gross profit is higher than that of the same quality parts).

② Market circulation channels after independence.

After independence, the circulation channel of the market is consistent with the general commodity circulation system, mainly including three core links: agency, distribution and retail. The upstream of the whole circulation channel is the auto parts manufacturer authorized by the non-OEM, and the downstream is the repair shop. Because the repair shop has almost no brand premium, and there are many distribution channels in the domestic market after independence, the agents, dealers and retailers here often have relatively low price increase rates — — The gross profit margin of the distribution channel of general wearing parts is 20%~30%, and the gross profit margin of the distribution channel of whole vehicle parts is 30%~45%.

Note that the two types of circulation channels are now "merging", which is manifested in:

A. 4S shop purchases auto parts from independent market circulation channels.

The core reason is that the newly implemented "Measures for the Administration of Automobile Sales" in July 2017 allows some non-original parts to enter the 4S shop system, which enables agents, dealers and retailers who originally operated in the independent post-market system to serve as additional parts channels for 4S shops.

B the repair shop purchases auto parts from the 4S shop and the after-sales department of the main engine factory.

The core reason is that the operating performance of 4S stores has generally declined in recent years, and the liquidity of auto parts originally circulated in the 4S store system has declined, resulting in more inventory. In order to digest these inventories, 4S stores and the after-sales department of the main engine factory will sell them to repair shops.

3. Service terminal

① 4S shop

4S shop was first introduced to China by Guangzhou Honda in 1998, and now it has become the most important system in China’s new car circulation network. The two most important functions of 4S stores are: first, new car sales, and second, after-market service (mainly to undertake the maintenance service demand within the three-year maintenance period or a certain mileage maintenance period). According to the profit structure, about 20% of China 4S stores’ profits come from new car sales, and the remaining 80% comes from after-market service, which is equivalent to the profit structure of American car dealers.

② Repair shop

Different from the 4S shop, the repair shop will undertake the maintenance services of many brands of cars, and the repair price of the repair shop is relatively low due to competitive factors and weak brand premium (including auto parts and maintenance services are cheaper than those of the 4S shop).

China’s Ministry of Communications conducts certification examination for repair technicians in repair shops every year, but there is no strict high-standard system for qualification examination as a whole, so the overall service level of repair shops in China is still uneven (the service level < mean > can meet most of the automobile maintenance needs, but the variance < variance > fluctuates greatly).

It is worth noting that 4S stores and repair shops are excellent channels for selling automobile insurance because they have excellent customer resources, so many insurance companies will have a binding relationship with 4S stores and repair shops (M×N multiple binding relationship) and cross-sell each other’s products and services &mdash; &mdash; 4S shops and repair shops recommend car owners to buy a company’s insurance, and an insurance company will recommend car owners to the corresponding 4S shops or repair shops for maintenance. In essence, both parties can reduce the cost of obtaining customers by reusing sales personnel with each other.

Second, a list of core players in each segment of the track

The core players in the automotive aftermarket include &mdash; &mdash;

1. Auto parts

① Brand manufacturers

Representative manufacturers include: Bosch, Denso Japan, Magna International, Continental Group, ZF, Aisin Seiki, Hyundai Mobius, Lear, Valeo, Faurecia, Andoto, Yazaki, Panasonic Automotive Systems, Sumitomo Electric, Mahler, Yanfeng, Toyota Textile, Jettaggart, ThyssenKrupp, BASF, Fuyao Glass, Weifang.

Because of the high initial investment cost and fierce competition of brand manufacturers, there are no star startups within the range of VC.

② Circulation channels

A. Main wearing parts: three heads and six arms, Kangzhong Auto Parts, Haomeite, and Kuaizhun Automobile.

Due to the high consumption frequency of wearing parts and strong SKU reuse among different car series, almost all wearing parts channel players cut into the supply chain in the self-operated B2B mode, and the upstream purchases from brand manufacturers and the downstream sells them to repair shops. At the same time, they operate their own logistics system and focus on the delivery of the last 1km.

In the retail store opening mode, Kangzhong Auto Parts mainly adopts the direct operation mode, and the three-headed, six-armed, good-beautiful and fast-accurate auto clothes mainly adopt the joining mode, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages &mdash; &mdash; The service quality control of direct marketing mode is relatively standardized, but the disadvantage lies in the slow speed of opening stores and the long-term accumulation to show the scale effect of supply chain; The service quality control of the joining mode is not standard, and it is usually easy to receive customer complaints, but the advantage is that it can borrow private capital to start quickly and show the scale effect of the supply chain in a short time.

B. Main auto parts: Batulu, Kaisi, Chetongyun, Zhongchi Chefu and Haohao Auto Parts.

The whole vehicle parts are completely different from the wearing parts, and their extremely low frequency, numerous SKUs and non-reusable SKUs between different vehicles make all vehicle parts channel players use the inquiry and quotation system (including "Vin code &rarr; Auto parts SKU "database)+third-party trading platform (that is, Marketplace) mode cuts into the supply chain, and the upstream docking agents/dealers/retailers, downstream docking repair shops or 4S shops (some players indirectly obtain customer repair shops or 4S shops through cooperation with insurance companies), and there are both self-operated and third-party modes in logistics.

Since the inventory of the whole vehicle parts in the market circulation channel is often unstable after independence, in order to ensure the supply adequacy of the whole vehicle parts SKU and the timeliness of logistics delivery, all kinds of players in the whole vehicle parts channel have also begun to try to "control the goods" on the basis of the Marketplace model &mdash; &mdash; For example, Batulu’s self-built multi-level warehouse requires suppliers to put the goods in Batulu’s self-operated warehouse and requires warehouse goods to only receive deployment instructions from the platform.

C. All-category management: harmony with steam, rapid development and saving.

All-category channel players are essentially a combined version of two types of channel player modes, namely, wearing parts and whole vehicle parts, such as Heqi &mdash; &mdash; The business model of its wearing parts category is similar to Kangzhong, and the business model of its whole car parts category is similar to Batulu and Chetongyun.

The distribution channel of auto parts is a battleground for China auto aftermarket, essentially because this track has excellent scale effect, and the current situation of China auto parts field with scattered upstream and downstream and high gross profit margin in circulation is just an excellent soil to make use of scale effect &mdash; &mdash; The scale effect in the distribution channel of auto parts can make the enterprise reduce the purchasing cost, warehousing and logistics cost while the sales volume is increasing, and then the gross profit margin is increasing.

Take Auto Zone (American stock code: AZO), one of the four major auto parts chains in the United States, as an example. The changes of its sales and gross profit margin from fiscal year 1990 to fiscal year 2018 are shown in the following figure. It can be seen that in the time span of nearly 30 years, the sales of Auto Zone soared from US$ 670 million to US$ 11.22 billion, and its gross profit margin also increased from 38.1% to 53.2% (while the stock price rose more than 40 times). In essence, it is because the OEM brand and upstream centralized purchasing have brought about a sharp decline in procurement costs, and the logistics and warehousing costs under the DC (Distribution Center)-Hub-Store system are also declining.

2. Maintenance service

Representative companies include: Tuhu Car Maintenance, Auto Superman, Xiaoju Car Service, Diandian Car Maintenance, Master De, Chexiangjia, cluster car treasure, Changtu Automobile, Youyishou, New Focus (A-share listed company) and Xiaomuzhi (New Third Board listed company).

The basic mode of maintenance service players can be summarized as "upgraded repair shop", which provides car owners with beauty care, auto parts replacement or maintenance services, and sells third-party or OEM auto parts at the same time..Tuhu Car Maintenance is a typical example. At the beginning, it cut into the market with the tire category of wearing parts, providing online trading and offline installation services for car owners, and gradually became the first channel brand and maintenance service brand in the tire category. At present, Tuhu Car Maintenance has gradually expanded its own auto parts business (expanding engine oil, filters and other categories) and maintenance service business (expanding automobile beauty care, wearing parts maintenance and replacement, auto insurance sales and other services).

There are also various companies with unique entry points in the automobile aftermarket, such as Youchelian, Yunka and Zhengda Fortis, which cut into the maintenance of commercial vehicles, and Vin code &rarr; Mingjue Technology, which is cut into the database of automobile parts SKU, is cut into the automobile parts agent and forms a strategic cooperation with Manbang, and is cut into the music match &hellip; Due to the limitation of space, I won’t describe them here, but it can be seen that the current pattern of China’s automobile aftermarket is uncertain and the innovation vitality is still very abundant.

Third, the layout of giants

In recent years, giants in the fields of Internet, offline retail, used cars, logistics, insurance, automobile OEM, etc. have been frequently deployed in the automobile aftermarket (as shown in the following figure) &mdash; &mdash; Take Ali as an example. After trying the "car terminal" business in 2016, in 2018, Tmall once again established the "Xinkangzhong" alliance with Auto Superman and Kangzhong Auto Parts. Behind these three giants, they respectively represent the traffic of car owners, maintenance services and the huge potential of auto parts supply chain.

From the above table, we can feel that after the giants inject ① owner flow, ② warehousing & logistics capability, ③ financial capability (insurance & payment & credit) and ④ original auto parts supply chain and service capability into the automotive aftermarket, it is not only a blessing to this track, but also a challenge to the existing players in the track.

However, it should be noted that the core contradiction between supply and demand in China automotive aftermarket is not the inefficient matching of flow, but the low efficiency of auto parts supply chain and the low quality of maintenance service &mdash; &mdash; Therefore, for the giants who use traffic to bless the track (Ali, Tencent, JD.COM, Baidu, Didi, Guazi and Manbang), it is difficult to quickly end the war in the automobile aftermarket by using user subsidies in a short time. A new automobile aftermarket system with wide customers, good quality and high efficiency needs to be watered patiently.

First, the macro trend

The future development of China’s automotive aftermarket will be driven by the following five important forces &mdash; &mdash;

1. Demand side

① China’s automobile aftermarket will be in a growing trillion-dollar volume for a long time, and as more and more cars leave the 4S shop maintenance period, more and more car owners will choose the independent aftermarket in the future;

(2) The increasing GDP per capita in China and the increasing professionalism of citizens in automobile knowledge will create the demand for high-quality chain service organizations, high-quality chain auto parts channels and domestic brands of high-quality auto parts;

2. Supply side

(1) Thanks to the long-term experience of OEM for European and American international brands, the supply chain system of China auto parts manufacturers is very mature, and they can provide auto parts with almost the same quality and higher cost performance as European and American international brands in quite a few categories, so it is possible to produce high-quality domestic brands of auto parts;

② The distribution channels of auto parts in China’s post-independence market system are currently in a large and scattered pattern, and the market share of Top-3 channel players is less than 1%; However, the auto parts track has the characteristics of positive scale effect, and several big head companies will be produced in the future.

With reference to the auto parts market in the United States, the overall market share of the four auto parts chains, Auto Zone, Advance Auto Parts, O’Reilly and NAPA, is more than 30% and is still rising. Due to the consistency of the supply chain attributes of auto parts, China auto parts channel companies will accelerate the appearance of scale effect when the infrastructure such as Internet, AI and logistics are mature.

(3) The development of automobile control unit networking, AR, Internet and other technologies will help repair shops greatly improve service quality and reduce service costs.

Second, 13 ways to upgrade the post-steam industry

Any industry, its direction of creating value mainly includes three kinds:

(1) better quality:That is, the products and services provided by the industry make consumers experience better;

② Higher efficiency:That is, the industry consumes less resources to deliver each unit of products and services, among which the core resources are money (cost) and time &mdash; &mdash; In the steady state (that is, in the state of non-burning money), the lower pricing limit of products and services provided by the industry to consumers is determined by the consumed cost, and the lower convenience limit is determined by the consumed time;

(3) get more customers:That is, the products and services provided by the industry can reach more consumers.

P.S. The value creation direction of an industry is also the lifelong struggle direction of all enterprises in the industry &mdash; &mdash; Whether the enterprise is in the production link, distribution link or the final retail service link.

Based on the five macro forces on the demand side and supply side of China automobile aftermarket, Combined with the players after China automobile, the four major auto parts chains in the United States (Auto Zone, Advance Auto Parts, O’Reilly, NAPA)& maintenance service unicorn (Monro Muffler Brake, Valvoline), the world retail giants (WalMart, Costco, 7-11), (4) observation of companies such as Amazon Web Service (WeWork) and venture capital enterprise (looking for steel net and intelligent cloth interconnection) focuses on the three value creation directions of "getting more customers, better quality and higher efficiency".

The author thinks that players in auto parts and maintenance service tracks can use the following 13 methods to build long-term value and become unicorns in the automotive aftermarket &mdash; &mdash;The company’s value and growth rate depend on the diversity of the following 13 methods and the speed of promotion. The more methods used and the faster the promotion, the greater the company’s value and the faster the growth rate..

1. Auto parts

① Business flow

< the first move > set list:　

Intensive expansion of the service area of circulation channels through direct marketing/joining/merger/joint venture (joint venture through Marketplace mode) and other ways, so as to intensively expand the order volume, and then reduce the purchase cost and enhance the quality control ability through the way of < centralized collection and unified procurement > or < self-operated OEM brand >;

< 2nd move > membership system:

Establish a membership system to reduce the circulation uncertainty of the whole supply chain by locking the purchase behavior of auto parts of car owners or repair shops in advance, and then reduce the inventory backlog cost and labor cost under no operation state caused by circulation uncertainty;

< 3rd move > "Vin code &rarr; Auto parts SKU "database:

Establish a database of mapping relationship between vehicle Vin code and auto parts SKU, and support 4S shops/repair shops, distribution channels and brand manufacturers to interact in various ways, such as text/picture/voice, which greatly reduces communication costs;

② Logistics

< 4 > logistics infrastructure:

Establish central warehouse, city warehouse, pre-warehouse (store) system and logistics billing algorithm to greatly reduce logistics costs in the case of intensive orders (depending on the use progress of various methods in business flow);

③ Production

< 5th move > hardware upgrade:

Under the basic conditions of highly mature auto parts supply chain in China, < introduce advanced hardware equipment of world top brands > or < self-developed hardware equipment >, thus reducing the production cost of the factory and improving the delivery quality of the factory;

< No.6 > Software upgrade:

Open ERP system with downstream channels and upstream raw material suppliers, and do capacity optimization based on data (sales order information/raw material supply information/factory capacity information) and AI algorithm;

④ Finance

< No.7 > vertical supply chain finance:

Due to the inconsistency between upstream and downstream accounting periods in the auto parts industry chain, data-driven supply chain financial services can be provided for brand manufacturers, distribution channels, repair shops /4S stores (refer to steel B2B e-commerce players looking for steel nets);

⑤ Internal operation of enterprises

< trick 8 > SaaS:

For factories, distribution channels, repair shops /4S stores, develop professional SaaS systems suitable for auto parts industry, so as to improve the operating efficiency of each unit of the industrial chain (including invoicing, ERM, IM, manpower, finance, etc.).

2. Maintenance service

① Business flow

< trick 9 > bind the insurance company:

Deep binding with insurance companies through cooperation agreements/cross-shareholding, etc., the two sides share customer resources with each other and jointly reduce the cost of obtaining customers;

< 10th trick > membership system:

Establish 2C membership system, reduce the uncertainty of service demand forecast by locking the maintenance consumption behavior of car owners in advance, and then reduce the inventory backlog cost and labor cost under the condition of no operation caused by the uncertainty of demand forecast;

② service

< 11th move > Senior technicians share the platform:

Because experienced technicians in a region are scarce resources, and the cost of hiring such senior technicians in a single repair shop is too high (the frequency of difficult problems encountered by a single repair shop is relatively small), the shared platform for senior technicians can minimize the labor cost of repair shops and increase the personal income of senior technicians at the same time;

< 12th move > Maintenance experience sharing platform:

China’s Ministry of Communications conducts certification examination for maintenance technicians in repair shops every year, but there is no strict high-standard system for qualification examination as a whole, so most technicians still need to improve their maintenance level through "personal experience" and "indirect reading of master’s work notes".

Therefore, establishing a maintenance experience sharing platform to support technicians to find corresponding solutions through text/picture/voice when encountering problems can greatly improve the maintenance quality and reduce the maintenance cost (reducing the cost of returning goods and training due to misjudgment, etc.);

< 13th move > Remote maintenance and diagnosis platform based on networked sensors;

At present, all the control units (such as engine and gearbox) in the car have been digitized and networked, and automobile brand manufacturers have established a perfect data diagnosis and maintenance guide system based on this. In the past, this system was only open to 4S shops, but now it has been gradually introduced into the independent market.

Therefore, based on this technology, a remote maintenance and diagnosis platform can be established, which can automatically give early warning signals in the process of automobile driving and then guide the owner to adjust his driving habits or carry out lightweight maintenance. After an automobile accident, the platform can automatically send orders to the best repair shop nearby and support experienced technicians and experts to interact with ordinary technicians in the first-line repair shop in real time through AR equipment, thus greatly improving the maintenance quality of the repair shop and reducing the maintenance cost (reducing the labor cost of senior technicians).

It should be noted that &mdash; &mdash;

① There is no fixed application order for these 13 methods.For example, a company can first be an OEM brand foundry, and then use the advantages of supply chain to intensively open auto parts chain stores; You can also start a chain store of auto parts intensively first, and then make an OEM brand after you have a scale advantage.

② These 13 methods can be completely used by one company, and can also be jointly used by more than one downstream cooperative relationship or joint venture of several enterprises.For example, logistics infrastructure, an auto parts distributor can build its own logistics infrastructure, use the logistics infrastructure provided by a third party, or build its own logistics infrastructure for some businesses and use a third party for some businesses.

③　The value of the company and the speed of its growth depend on the diversity of the company’s use of 13 methods and the speed of promotion.But it doesn’t mean that companies need to use various methods at the same time in the initial stage. It is suggested that start-ups focus on one thing in the early stage to achieve the ultimate. The so-called "it is better to break one finger than to hurt its ten fingers".

How to choose a company needs to carefully consider its own business resources, team resources and market competition environment in specific regions.

Due to the limited space, this paper only presents the valuation status of "auto parts circulation channel", and the valuation system of auto parts manufacturers and maintenance services can be used as a similar reference.

The following table shows the core business data and valuation data of the four major auto parts chain companies in the United States &mdash; &mdash; Since the main business of Genuine Parts Company includes NAPA, industrial products and office supplies, it is not easy to separate them, so Auto Zone, Advance Auto Parts and O’Reilly are the best three valuation benchmarking companies for auto parts circulation track.

According to the calculation of 2 times P/S, if the market share of an auto parts channel company in China exceeds 1%, the company can become a unicorn with a value of 2.2 billion US dollars (780 billion RMB ×1%×2×1 US dollars /7.07 RMB = 2.2 billion US dollars); If an auto parts channel company is worth US$ 1 billion, its annual revenue only needs to reach RMB 3.5 billion (US$ 1 billion /2×7.07 RMB/US$ 1) and its market share is 4.5&permil; (3.5 billion RMB/750 billion RMB).

For auto parts distribution channel start-ups who are interested in cooperating with VC,We can consider taking [becoming a unicorn with a billion dollars in eight years] as the goal, so as to reverse the annual opening plan and store revenue growth plan in the first to eighth years, and accordingly design what kind of commodity procurement system, warehousing and logistics system and store operation system should be built to achieve this [final goal], and then design what kind of team needs to be formed in order to realize this system.&mdash; &mdash; Although the plan can’t keep up with the changes, and there are many uncertainties in the future business progress, in most cases, "if you plan ahead, you will be abolished."

P.S. The valuation calculation here is only used as a reference for large numbers. In fact, the valuation should be comprehensively considered in combination with the specific fundamental status quo, revenue/gross profit/net profit growth rate and competition links of the enterprise at that time.

　The above is the analysis of the present situation and future of China automobile aftermarket according to the top-down method &mdash; &mdash; After 10 years, there will be many unicorns in the aftermarket. I look forward to your contribution here!

[Author of Titanium Media: This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account "Xianfeng Chuangchuang" (ID:xianfengk2vc) by Zhang Runtao. 】

　　"Lhasa released" WeChat WeChat official account news, and the office of the Leading Group for Lhasa’s response to the COVID-19 epidemic reported the epidemic information as follows:

　　I. Distribution of infected persons

　　September 22nd 0&mdash; At 24: 00, there were 129 new cases of Covid-19 infection in Lhasa, including 9 newly confirmed cases and 120 asymptomatic infections. Both the newly confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections were found in closed-loop isolation control. Among them:

　　(1) Chengguan District: 126 new cases (6 confirmed cases and 120 asymptomatic infected persons) were added on that day.

　　(2) Duilong Deqing District (including Liuwu New District): 3 new cases were added that day (confirmed case 3).

　　Second, the delineation of risk areas

　　On September 22, the city’s high-risk areas were adjusted to 14 and the middle-risk areas were adjusted to 73. Specifically:

　　Medium risk area and risk reduction area (4):

　　1. Jintai construction site area in Economic Development Zone;

　　2. Deji Kangsa Area in Economic Development Zone;

　　3. Xiangtiwan Area in Economic Development Zone;

　　4. Sunshine New Town Area of Economic Development Zone.

　　(1) Chengguan District [including Wenchuang Park]

　　13 high-risk areas:

　　1. Chongsaikang community;

　　2. Danjielin Community (east of the middle section of Dorsenger Road);

　　3. Lalu Community in Kutokuhayashi Street;

　　4. Bayi Community of Jinzhu West Road Street (except grid one, two, three and six);

　　5. Lhasa Department Store Staff Community;

　　6. No.3 Water Conservancy Bureau Community, Lane 1, Linkuo East Road;

　　7. Lugu Community (east of the southern section of Dorsenger Road);

　　8. Jiarong Community in Najin Street;

　　9. Renqincai Village, Niangre Street;

　　10. Tour community (north of Jiangsu Road);

　　11. Cha Rong, Eco-Park Road, China UnionPay Tibet Branch;

　　12. Xiasasu community;

　　13. Zhaxi Street Xiongga Community.

　　60 middle risk areas:

　　1. Gaercuo Hotel in No.16 Bakuo Shopping Mall, beijing east road;

　　2. Changdu Office;

　　3. Happy New Village of Niangniang Road;

　　4. The Holy City Garden of Sela North Road;

　　5. No.12 Zaki Road;

　　6. The retirement base of Ali Agricultural Bank of Marinca Community in Shuangdao Street;

　　7. Jiquyuan Community, Jia Marinca Community, Liangdao Street;

　　8. Xianzu Island Ecological Residential District, Xianzu Island Community, Liangdao Street;

　　9. Bailin Community (north of Jiangsu Road);

　　10. Jibenggang Community;

　　11. Wood is like a community;

　　12. Safe and civilized community and its surroundings (Xizang Autonomous Region Sports Bureau Retirement Base, Himalayan Hotel);

　　13. Lhasa No.1 Middle School (dormitory building);

　　14. Tiebenggang Community (west of the middle section of Linkuo East Road);

　　15. Xizang Autonomous Region Film Public Service Center;

　　16. auspicious community;

　　17. No.36 Jiangsu Road;

　　18. Labaihe Balin Wholesale Department Community;

　　19. Jiacuo Community in Kutokuhayashi Street;

　　20. Kutokuhayashi Street Happiness Community (except Guohao Business Hotel, No.15 Niangniang South Road);

　　21. Anjuyuan of Meteorological Bureau;

　　22. Duodi Street (rented house No.47, Group 3, Gagong Anjuyuan, Saikang Fujiang Home and Weiba Village);

　　23. The Sanyi community in Duodi Street;

　　24. Group 5, Gaerxi Village, Niangre Street;

　　25. Baiding Village, Caigongtang Street (except Pure Land Zhizhao Industrial Park in Chengguan District);

　　26. Groups 2 and 4 of Cai Village, Caigongtang Street;

　　27. East District of Langsai 11th District, Caicun, Caigongtang Street;

　　28. Xiangga Highway Community in Caicun, Caigongtang Street;

　　29. Yutao Health in Caicun, Caigongtang Street;

　　30. Enhuiyuan Community in Caigongtang Street (Enhuiyuan Community, Taixi Yueting, Hanlinyuan, Lhasa Teachers College, Lhasa No.2 Senior High School);

　　31. Cemenlin Community (east of the northern section of Dorsenger Road);

　　32. Gemuqi Community;

　　33. Balang School Community;

　　34. Hebalin Community (west of Linkuo East Road);

　　35. District 9 of Langsai, Nizhuolin Community, Zhaxi Street;

　　36. Nizhuoyuan in Nizhuolin Community of Zhaxi Street and its surroundings (Xinfudi Automobile Maintenance Factory);

　　37. West Zone of Shuyuan Community, Nizhuolin Community, Zhaxi Street;

　　38. Tuanjie New Village Community in Zhaxi Street;

　　39. Zhaxi Street Zhaxi Community;

　　40. Zhaxi Street Zhaxi New Village Community;

　　41. Kutokuhayashi Street Snow Community;

　　42. Xin ‘an Residential Garden in the Eastern Suburb;

　　43. Groups 1, 2, 3 and 6 of Ejietang Community in Gamagongsang Street;

　　44. Gemina Elevator Apartment (in Junyi Hotel, Najin Road);

　　45. Jingu Express Hotel;

　　46. Lhasa No.8 Middle School (dormitory);

　　47. Ruyi Elevator Apartment (Zangre South Road);

　　48. Happy Home Area B;

　　49. Danba Community in Jinzhu West Road Street (except Lhasa Company of Xizang Autonomous Region Tobacco Company, No.39 Beijing West Road, Jingxin Hall, Wen Jun Garden No.10 District, Simple Apartment, Shuntong Community, Wojia Courtyard, Xuanhe Apartment, Cui Zonghua Rental House, Ruan Apartment, Zhihua Rental House, Pengxi Apartment and Debu Rental House);

　　50. Abalinka Community in Niangre Street;

　　51. Cisongtang Community in Niangniang Street;

　　52. Najin Village, Najin Street;

　　53. Naru Community in Najin Street (except Future City Community, District D of Chengguan Garden and Chengxiangyuan);

　　54. Tama Village, Najin Street;

　　55. Group 4, Cijuelin Village, Wenchuang Park;

　　56. One, two, three and six grids of Bayi Community in Jinzhu West Road Street;

　　57. Cijuelin Staff Apartment Community in Wenchuang Park;

　　58. Zone 2 of Xingfuyuan in Wenchuang Park;

　　59. Yunlong Hotel on Beijing Middle Road;

　　60. Luodui Community, Jinzhu West Road Street.

　　(2) Duilong Deqing District [including Economic Development Zone and Liuwu New District]

　　1 high-risk area:

　　1. Around the window of Lhasa (except the window of Lhasa).

　　13 middle risk areas:

　　1. Around Jindunyuan (except Lingyue Mansion, Layachao Hotel and Jindunyuan);

　　2. Liuwu Building and its surroundings (except Gangren International);

　　3. Jinma International and its surroundings (except Sangdanlin Phase I Community and Tourism Garden);

　　4. Hailiang Phase I and its surroundings;

　　5. Deyang Village, Liuwu New District;

　　6. Fortune Plaza Phase I and its surroundings (except Ruida Supermarket (Zhongying Black Forest Store));

　　7. Xiangyun Huafu and its surroundings;

　　8. Window of Lhasa Community;

　　9. Nanga Community 1&mdash; Group 7;

　　10. Dakang Group of Yangda Community;

　　11. Sang Mu community 1&mdash; 5 groups;

　　12. Area A A1 and Area B A2 of Yangda Street Industrial Park;

　　13. Talents Apartment in Economic Development Zone.

　　On February 19th,After (09618) announced that it would pay five insurances and one gold for full-time riders, Meituan (03690) quickly announced that it would pay social security for full-time and stable part-time riders, which is expected to be implemented in the second quarter of 2025.

　　Today, it is announced that starting from March 1st, 2025, JD.COM will gradually pay five insurances and one gold for full-time take-away riders, and provide accident insurance and health care insurance for part-time riders.

　　The official news of the US Mission said that since 2024, the US Mission has paid the old-age pension for riders.The social security scheme has been carefully studied, and different cities in different regions have been selected for in-depth research, and a preliminary pilot scheme has been formed under the guidance of relevant departments. At present, an information system related to rider social security is being built, which is expected to be implemented in the second quarter of 2025, and gradually pay social security for full-time and stable part-time riders.

　　Since July 2022, under the guidance of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Meituan has taken the lead in launching a pilot project of occupational injury protection for people with new employment forms, and has invested 1.4 billion yuan to pay occupational injury insurance premiums for all riders in seven pilot provinces and cities, which will further cover all riders in all provinces and cities in the future.

　　At the same time, in 2025, Meituan will completely cancel the delivery overtime fine, implement "anti-fatigue" measures, and accelerate the construction of friendly scenes in all fields such as "rider-friendly community".