The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that building ecological civilization is a Millennium plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. The Central Office and the State Council issued the Opinions on Promoting the Green Development of Urban and Rural Construction (hereinafter referred to as the Opinions), which thoroughly implemented the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era and made major arrangements for the green development of urban and rural construction. Guided by the new development concept, the Opinions fully implements the ecological civilization thought of the supreme leader, and puts forward a complete system to promote the green development of urban and rural construction in combination with the reality of urban and rural construction and development in China, including five parts: overall requirements, promoting the integrated development of urban and rural construction, changing the development mode of urban and rural construction, innovating working methods, and strengthening organizational implementation. It has strong guidance and will become a policy program to promote the high-quality development of urban and rural construction for a long time to come, and guide the whole society to effectively change its development mode, construction mode and lifestyle.

It is very important to promote the effective implementation of the Opinions. The main body of urban and rural construction comes from the construction industry. Grasping the green transformation of the construction industry and construction methods will also grasp the key link that affects the green development of urban and rural construction. Therefore, this paper mainly puts forward some thoughts from the perspective of how to implement the Opinions and promote green development and transformation in the construction industry.

Seize a foothold

For the construction industry, the foothold of helping the green development of urban and rural construction lies in promoting new construction methods with green construction as the core, which should be used as a starting point to promote green development and create a green life.The key to the green development of urban and rural construction lies in the organic unity of green development, green construction and green life.

First of all,Green development is the fundamental direction., is to promote the work of the total gripper. The concept of green development takes the harmony between man and nature as its value orientation, the green low-carbon cycle as its main principle, and the construction of ecological civilization as its basic starting point. To realize green development in urban and rural construction is to protect the environment, change the development mode and realize sustainable development. Secondly,Green construction is the way to achieve it.. The construction industry must fundamentally get rid of the old road of extensive development, save resources and protect the environment to the maximum extent in the whole life cycle of the building, vigorously promote green construction, and help China achieve the goal of carbon neutrality and "double carbon" in peak carbon dioxide emissions. Finally,Green life is the ultimate destination.. The core of the high-quality development of the construction industry is people-oriented, which is reflected in providing people with higher-quality building products and providing better and more efficient green buildings and green houses. The mission of the construction industry is to achieve a better living environment and make people live in harmony with buildings and cities. The goal of 2035 put forward by Opinions is to build a beautiful China, which is in line with the concept of green living.

Green development, green construction and green life are an organic whole, and green construction is an important means to realize green development and a way to create green life.Therefore, efforts should be made to promote the transformation of the production mode of the construction industry, implement the goal of carbon neutrality and "double carbon" in peak carbon dioxide emissions, and change from traditional extensive construction to new construction mode with green construction, smart construction and industrialized construction as the core, build a green city and beautiful countryside, create a healthy and low-carbon lifestyle, and help the green development of urban and rural construction.

Adhere to two principles

First, adhere to the people-centered development thinking.The green development of urban and rural construction must provide green building products for the whole society and create a green living environment from the perspective of the people. The concepts of green planning, green design, green construction and green operation should run through the whole life cycle of buildings, and high-quality products that are applicable, economical, safe, green and beautiful should be built to meet people’s growing needs for a better life.Green development is not a slogan, but a practical action to implement the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought.In order to improve the development quality of the construction industry, we must take the road of green development and solve the problems of low efficiency of resource and energy utilization, large waste discharge, serious dust and noise pollution. It is necessary to adhere to the concept of system, coordinate urban and rural construction, implement urban ecological restoration projects and functional improvement projects, enhance the integrity and systematicness of cities, solidly promote carbon emission reduction, vigorously develop green buildings, prefabricated buildings, green building materials and green construction, and enhance the green level of the whole construction process.

The second is to adhere to the basic principles of science and rationality.. In the past urban and rural construction, we have also gone through many detours, such as "spreading the pie" urban planning and large-scale demolition and construction projects, which have led to problems such as "urban disease" and "one side of a thousand cities". The green development of urban and rural construction requires us to adhere to scientific and reasonable construction methods, plan and build cities under the guidance of ecological carrying capacity, realize the integrated development of production and city, balance the development of occupation and residence, and build green cities, resilient cities and this beautiful city. Therefore, we should grasp the development path of green construction, regard the realization of green ecology at home level as the fundamental destination of green development of construction industry, push the green level of construction from light green to dark green by promoting the application of future-oriented green construction technology, realize the carbon balance of community wisdom in future green buildings, and truly implement the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" in the industry.

推动“三造”融合

最高领袖总书记提出，中国制造、中国创造、中国建造共同发力，改变着中国的面貌。习总书记关于“三造”的这一重要论断，内涵丰富、影响深远。如何借助中国制造、中国创造、中国建造“三造”融合来转变城乡建设方式，是摆在我们面前的重要课题。

对建筑业而言，探索“三造”融合创新是行业变革的关键支点，将直接影响城乡建设绿色发展。回顾建筑业发展历史，不难看出，建筑业的技术革命与钢铁工业、机械制造业、信息产业等工业部门的技术变化紧密相关。总体上，我国建筑业生产方式仍比较落后，还没有真正完成建筑工业化。比较而言，制造业的技术先进性已经显著领先于建筑业，在生产效率、质量控制、环境保护等诸多方面都具有明显优势。为此，要着力推动以“制造+创造+建造”为特征的“三造”融合创新，促进工业先进技术、现代信息技术与传统建筑业融合。

To this end, we should give full play to our creative ability, through scientific and technological innovation and management innovation, put the concept of greening, industrialized technology and information management into the whole construction process, learn from the experience of standardization, process and information in industrial manufacturing, introduce advanced experiences such as assembly line production, intelligent manufacturing and flexible manufacturing into the construction industry, explore new-type building industrialization, and further improve the level of resource utilization and environmental protection with standardized design, automated production and information management. From the perspective of the whole life cycle of construction, we should promote the transformation of construction methods: in the design stage, we should improve the design quality and standardization level, promote green design, improve the constructability level of the scheme, and ensure the green from the source; In the manufacturing stage, it is necessary to scientifically organize manufacturing processes and processes, improve the level of automation and intelligence, and improve the efficiency of resource utilization; In the construction stage, it is necessary to organize scientifically, avoid waste of resources, and implement the green construction of "four festivals and one environmental protection"; In the operation and maintenance stage, it is necessary to improve the operation and management system, promote intelligent operation and maintenance, and truly realize green buildings, healthy buildings and low-carbon buildings.

Accelerate the coordination of "four modernizations"

At present, with the strong support of new materials, new equipment and new technology, the construction mode is developing towards "new construction" with a higher degree of green, industrialization and intelligence, centering on quality and efficiency. The coordinated development of greening, industrialization, intelligence and internationalization represents the fundamental direction of the transformation of production mode in construction industry. From the production mode, the foothold of new construction is mainly reflected in green construction, smart construction and building industrialization, which will promote the "three-all upgrade" of the whole process, all elements and all participants, and promote the "three-new drive" of new design, new construction and new operation and maintenance.

Greening is the inherent requirement of the new concept.Adhere to green development and form a new pattern of modernization with harmonious development between man and nature, which is the requirement of new development concept. The construction industry must fundamentally get rid of the old road of extensive development and devote itself to the construction of ecological restoration projects, people’s livelihood resettlement projects, and rivers and lakes management projects; We should devote ourselves to providing green building products for the whole society, creating buildings with ultra-low energy consumption and near zero energy consumption, reducing energy consumption in building operation and reducing carbon emissions. In particular, peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision of the CPC Central Committee and a solemn commitment made by China to the international community. Therefore, China’s construction industry must face arduous challenges, accelerate the deployment and promotion of green buildings, low-carbon buildings and ecological buildings, and find a reasonable path to achieve the goal of "double carbon".

Wisdom is the key engine of the new era.Developing new construction methods to promote the development and application of smart construction is an inevitable requirement of the fourth industrial revolution, an inevitable choice to upgrade the scientific and technological content of the industry, improve the quality of talents, and promote international integration. It is the only way to solve the problems of insufficient development such as relative lack of resources and insufficient balance between supply and demand in China, and it is also the key to China’s construction industry occupying the commanding heights of the global industry in the future.

Industrialization is the solid foundation of modernization.Developing new building industrialization is an important measure to implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and it is a powerful starting point to promote energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction field; At present, China’s construction industry is promoting the development of construction technologies such as prefabricated buildings and prefabricated bridges in various housing construction and infrastructure projects, combining with their respective engineering characteristics, giving full play to the advantages of high efficiency, high quality and automation in factory manufacturing, which will greatly reduce resource consumption and lay a solid foundation for the green development of the construction industry.

Internationalization is the key fulcrum of the new pattern.Promoting the international development of the industry will help China’s construction industry to better integrate with the world in overseas development such as "Belt and Road", give full play to the advantages of the long industrial chain of the construction industry, and drive China Manufacturing and China to create better opportunities to go abroad. Especially in the field of green and low carbon, it is necessary to strengthen international cooperation, not only by importing, digesting and absorbing foreign innovative achievements in carbon reduction technology, but also by going abroad, participating in international engineering construction and promoting the international development of green products.

Handle five pairs of contradictions well

The implementation of the Opinions needs to be promoted as a whole, especially the following five pairs of contradictions.

First, handle the contradiction between long-term and short-term.As a guide to the green action of urban and rural construction in a period of time, the Opinions should further distinguish priorities in the time process, not make a one-size-fits-all approach, and make good long-term and short-term arrangements. For complex issues such as the formation of green living habits and the protection of urban and rural culture, a long-term mechanism should be formed to make contributions for a long time; For problems that need to be dealt with urgently, such as promoting green building materials and reducing waste emissions, we should intensify our efforts and speed up the process.

The second is to handle the contradiction between the whole and the part.The green development of urban and rural construction involves urban agglomerations, cities, urban areas, streets, buildings and other different scales, and there is a widespread relationship between the whole and the part. It is necessary to coordinate the relationship well. Only by sticking to the overall requirements and handling local problems can we stick to the "bottom line", "red line" and "online", ensure that a blueprint is drawn to the end, realize the protection and inheritance of urban and rural culture, and promote innovative development and green development.

The third is to handle the contradiction between green and development.Green and low carbon does not mean delaying the development process. We should scientifically understand the connotation of the goal of "double carbon". In the process of realizing peak carbon dioxide emissions, the most important thing for the construction industry at the present stage is to improve the utilization efficiency of resources and energy through green construction, smart construction and building industrialization, change the extensive development mode of large-scale demolition and large-scale construction and waste of resources, promote the development of circular economy by using renewable green building materials and reducing waste emissions, and gradually reduce resource consumption and environmental emissions while maintaining a large industrial scale to promote project construction, so as to achieve the overall balance between development and low carbon.

The fourth is to handle the contradiction between innovation and application.Green development needs to be driven by technological innovation, and it also needs large-scale application and promotion. From the perspective of technological progress, innovation and application can be regarded as a pair of contradictions that are both opposite and unified. Application and popularization lead technological innovation and provide living soil for technological innovation; On the contrary, large-scale application often leads to technological development being satisfied with the status quo and delaying the pace of innovation. Therefore, in the process of green and low-carbon transformation of construction industry, we should put the continuous promotion of technological innovation in a very important position, improve the system and mechanism of scientific and technological innovation in urban and rural construction, and solve contradictions in the development process.

The fifth is to handle the contradiction between green and cost.The contradiction between green and cost is the key to restrict the formation of endogenous driving force for green development of urban and rural construction. On the one hand, with the progress of science and technology, many green construction technologies no longer mean higher costs; On the other hand, the increase of the short-term cost of green construction can often lead to the reduction of the comprehensive cost of the whole life cycle. This shows that what really needs to be solved is the dislocation of the responsible subject and the beneficiary subject of green construction. Therefore, we must explore the comprehensive innovation of green construction, and stimulate the endogenous motivation to promote the green development of urban and rural construction by introducing more scientific and reasonable management methods and implementing more accurate and effective policy measures. (The author is the former chief engineer of china state construction engineering corporation)

The Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office recently issued a circular to support all localities, especially state-level poverty-stricken counties, to focus on traditional crafts and rely on various non-legacy projects to set up a number of non-legacy poverty alleviation employment workshops with distinctive characteristics and obvious driving effects, so as to help the poor learn traditional skills, promote employment income and consolidate the results of poverty alleviation.

Set up a non-legacy poverty alleviation and employment workshop

The notice made it clear that the establishment of the intangible poverty alleviation employment workshop should rely on one or several intangible representative projects with wide coverage, many employees, suitable for promoting employment and good market potential; Give priority to supporting the construction of non-legacy workshops relying on projects listed in the national traditional craft revitalization catalogue; There are leading enterprises, cooperatives or leaders in the construction and operation of intangible poverty alleviation and employment workshops; It has the necessary site and basic conditions such as water and electricity for the construction of intangible poverty alleviation and employment workshops; It can effectively absorb the poor households and low-income families who have set up a file to participate in employment, and absorb the quantitative standards for the employment of the poor people who have set up a file to set up a card, and implement it according to the relevant regulations of the local poverty alleviation workshop.

The notice requires that the intangible poverty alleviation and employment workshop be identified and managed by the administrative department of culture and tourism in conjunction with the poverty alleviation department, and reported to the provincial administrative department of culture and tourism for the record. The poverty alleviation department should incorporate the intangible poverty alleviation and employment workshops into the poverty alleviation project library and enter them into the national poverty alleviation and development information system.

Chen Anying, director of the Department of Art History of Tsinghua University Academy of Fine Arts, believes that in order to be effective, the relevant departments should select traditional craft projects that are suitable for promoting employment and have market potential on the basis of in-depth investigation, and set up non-legacy poverty alleviation workshops according to the characteristics of the projects and the actual work, so as to form one or several relatively concentrated traditional craft production training and exchange exhibition spaces.

Significant achievements have been made in "non-legacy+poverty alleviation"

The establishment of the intangible poverty alleviation employment workshop is an important measure to help the intangible poverty alleviation, and the results are very remarkable.

In July 2018, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office identified the first batch of 10 key areas for "non-legacy+poverty alleviation" and supported the establishment of non-legacy poverty alleviation employment workshops. Over the past year, the work of precision poverty alleviation through non-legacy assistance has received a positive response nationwide. 393 state-level poverty-stricken counties and 150 provincial-level poverty-stricken counties across the country have carried out precision poverty alleviation through non-legacy assistance, and 2,310 non-legacy workshops have been set up nationwide, driving 463,800 people to participate in employment and driving 200,000 poverty-stricken households to get rid of poverty.

In Zhongyi Township, Shizhu County, Chongqing, the national-level non-legacy Xiabu "Yiqiutang Poverty Alleviation Workshop" held training on Xiabu woven products for local people, and after the training, various ways such as recruitment and piecework cooperation were adopted for students with excellent performance, which promoted their local employment and increased their income. The employment rate reached 70%, and the per capita monthly income increased from 500 yuan to 2,500 yuan.

At the same time, Liu Kuili, a member of the Honorary Department of China Academy of Social Sciences, believes that non-legacy poverty alleviation can increase the sense of honor and accomplishment of craftsmen, enhance cultural self-confidence, and stimulate the endogenous motivation of inheritance. "Non-legacy poverty alleviation can play the role of’ supporting ambition’ and’ supporting wisdom’ in tackling poverty."

Internet opens up marketing channels

The work of "non-legacy+poverty alleviation" can achieve results, which requires not only the organization training and production of relevant departments and enterprises, but also the promotion of channels. Therefore, many regions choose to combine with the Internet to promote non-legacy products to netizens through live broadcast platforms and short videos, which has achieved good results.

Not long ago, zhijin county, Bijie City, Guizhou Province cooperated with YY Live to actively explore the operation mode of "live broadcast+non-legacy+e-commerce". Miao embroidered mother of Bijie Zhijin Batik Cooperative introduced Zhijin Batik and sold batik intangible products to netizens all over the country by live broadcast. In YY live broadcast room, embroidered mothers interacted with netizens in real time, showing them colorful brocade batiks, embroidery patterns and works. In less than a month, Zhijin batik intangible products successfully signed an order of more than 100,000 yuan through live online, and the total sales increased by 2 times year-on-year. At present, more than 2,000 Miao embroidered mothers in 32 towns and villages in zhijin county are expected to realize their desire to work at home through live broadcast, effectively driving more poor people in Zhijin to find jobs and get rid of poverty. The new poverty alleviation method of "live broadcast+non-legacy+e-commerce" is becoming popular in Guizhou Zhijin.

In addition, many platforms have also specially launched non-legacy projects, such as Tik Tok’s announcement of the "non-legacy partner" program and YY’s opening of a non-legacy exclusive channel, aiming at spreading non-legacy culture and providing marketing channels for "non-legacy plus poverty alleviation". (Reporter Chai Yizhen)

The regulation of bank transfer limit and its influencing factors

In today’s financial transactions, bank transfer is a common and important operation. However, banks usually set a certain limit for transfer, which is not arbitrary, but is influenced by many factors.

First of all, from the perspective of security, banks will set transfer limits. This is to reduce the risk of fraud and the possibility of misappropriation of funds. If there is no limit, once the account information is obtained by criminals, it may lead to huge economic losses for customers.

Secondly, different transfer methods will also lead to differences in limits. For example, through online bank transfer, the general limit will be relatively high; For mobile banking transfer, the limit may be slightly lower. This is because online banking usually operates in a safer environment, while mobile banking has more uncertainties, such as lost mobile phones and unstable networks.

Furthermore, the identity of the customer and the account type will also affect the transfer limit. For example, for ordinary personal accounts and corporate accounts, banks often set different limits according to their capital flow scale and risk assessment. Generally speaking, due to the large transaction volume of funds, the transfer limit of enterprise accounts will be higher than that of ordinary personal accounts.

The following is a common sample table of bank transfer limit:

It should be noted that the limits in the above table are only examples, and the specific limits may vary from bank to bank. Customers can know the accurate transfer limit information through the bank’s official website, mobile banking application or consulting customer service.

In addition, banks will adjust the transfer limit according to changes in the market environment and regulatory policies. In some special periods, such as preventing financial risks and cracking down on money laundering, banks may temporarily reduce the transfer limit to strengthen fund supervision and ensure the stability of financial order.

In short, the bank’s transfer limit is a dynamic regulation that comprehensively considers many factors. When transferring money, customers should fully understand the relevant regulations of their bank to ensure the smooth progress of capital transactions.

[Disclaimer] This article only represents the author’s own views and has nothing to do with Hexun. Hexun.com is neutral about the statements and opinions in this article, and does not provide any express or implied guarantee for the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the contents. Readers are requested for reference only, and please take full responsibility. Email: news_center@staff.hexun.com.

　　On April 13th, the "Guangdong Antigen" applet of Covid-19 Antigen Detection Information System, which was built by Guangdong Provincial Health and Wellness Commission, was officially launched. This small program is connected with Guangdong Jiantong, Guangdong Nucleic Acid Small Program, Electronic Health Code, etc. It is used to support residents to carry out personal self-test and medical and health institutions to carry out information collection and test results reporting of patients undergoing antigen testing, forming a closed-loop management from antigen collection, testing and reporting to nucleic acid testing. It is an important means for Guangdong Province to actively respond to the requirements of the State Council to promote the monitoring mode of "antigen screening and nucleic acid diagnosis", meet the overall monitoring needs of epidemic development, prevention and control, and support the classified management and precise policy-making of epidemic prevention and control.

　　Previously, the digital network of epidemic prevention and control in Guangdong Province has stood the test of several rounds of actual epidemic and achieved initial results. "Guangdong antigen" is another important component of Guangdong epidemic prevention and control digital network. It will learn from the practical experience of Guangdong nucleic acid deployment and implementation, and provide convenient and easy-to-use information services for residents and medical and health institutions in the province to carry out antigen detection.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of Guangdong Provincial Health and Health Commission, on March 10th, the State Council issued the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Application Scheme of Covid-19 Antigen Detection (Trial) (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), requiring that antigen detection be added as a supplement on the basis of nucleic acid detection, promoting the monitoring mode of "antigen screening and nucleic acid diagnosis", and defining three groups of people suitable for antigen detection and corresponding detection application schemes. Compared with nucleic acid detection, antigen detection has two outstanding advantages: convenience and rapidity. It is very suitable for primary medical and health institutions that do not have the ability of nucleic acid detection in COVID-19 to carry out services, and it is also suitable for self-testing at home. Therefore, antigen detection can play an important role in early triage and rapid management of suspected population.

　　To make full use of the characteristics and advantages of antigen testing, it is necessary to ensure that residents and medical and health institutions can report the testing information and results information, especially the positive results, to the local disease control and community at the first time, and to ensure that the health and health departments can find the source of infection quickly and accurately and cut off the transmission route, so as to truly play the effectiveness and role of antigen testing.

　　The "Guangdong antigen" applet is built according to the above specific needs and scenarios, and it is linked with the nucleic acid detection information of Guangdong nucleic acid in the links of checking the information of the tested personnel, reporting the test results, uploading the evidence of positive results, tracking and managing, providing convenient services for the residents and medical and health institutions in the province, and implementing the expected effect of antigen detection to improve the early warning sensitivity.

Attachment:

operating procedure

1 residents antigen self-test results reported.

Scan the QR code of "Guangdong antigen", or search for "Guangdong antigen" and enter the Guangdong antigen applet through the Guangdong Jiantong applet.

Select [Residents’ Self-test Report]

Select [Report antigen self-test result],

Enter the report result filling page.

　 Fill in the information of the examinee and the detection information,

According to the diagram, select the correct test result,

Click [Save] to report the antigen self-test information.

Tip: If the antigen test result is positive, you need to upload a photo of the test card.

Residents go to medical and health institutions to test antigens.

Wechat opens the "Guangdong Jiantong" or "Guangdong Nucleic Acid" applet.

Show the "electronic health code" or "Guangdong nucleic acid code" for medical staff to scan the code.

Carry out antigen testing and wait for the medical staff in medical and health institutions to report the test results.

03 residents query antigen test results

Enter the "Guangdong Antigen" applet and select [Resident Self-test Report].

Select 【 Query of Antigen Detection Records 】

Enter the results query page.

Select [self-test report record] to query the report record of antigen self-test results;

If residents are inquiring about the antigen test results detected by medical and health institutions, they should select [Agency Test Record], fill in the identity information of the patient to be inquired, and click [Query] to obtain the test results.

June 8 is the "Cultural and Natural Heritage Day" in 2024, and 2024 is also the 20th anniversary of China’s accession to the UNESCO Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage. World heritage is a cultural relic and natural landscape with outstanding significance and universal value recognized by all mankind. Intangible cultural heritage is an important symbol of a country and a nation’s historical and cultural achievements and an important part of excellent traditional culture. Each intangible heritage has its unique significance.

Up to now, among the five batches of national non-legacy representative projects that have been announced, there are 1557 national non-legacy representative projects and 165 in Guangdong, accounting for 10.6%, ranking fourth in the country, which is a veritable "non-legacy province". What do you know about Guangdong’s national intangible heritage, such as a buttercup, a fragrant cloud, an embroidery, a prosperity, an inkstone on one side, and a "pearl of words"? A set of posters will show you the "non-legacy" beauty of Guangdong.

Produced by Dayang. com

Producer: Lin Jiayuan

Editor/Poster: Li Shiqi

Source: Guangzhou Daily, Nanfang Daily, CCTV News, Xinhuanet, etc.

　　On the morning of the 3rd, the 4th world internet conference opened in Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province, and the Supreme Leader of president sent a congratulatory letter. Regarding the Internet, the Supreme Leader has always attached great importance to it and made many important speeches. How to build a network power? How to ensure network security? How to let more people enjoy the Internet development dividend? These 20 sentences of the Supreme Leader are worth reading carefully.

　　On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader hosted a symposium on network security and informatization in Beijing and delivered an important speech. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ma Zhancheng photo

　　1. Talk about the general trend: China has become a network power.

　　Mankind is experiencing the information revolution.

　　Judging from the history of social development, human beings have experienced agricultural revolution, industrial revolution and information revolution.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　Network has entered thousands of households in China.

　　China’s Internet and informatization work has made remarkable achievements. The network has entered thousands of households, and the number of netizens ranks first in the world. China has become a network power.

　　— — On February 27, 2014, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the First Meeting of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Leading Group

　　The reform of global Internet governance system has entered a critical period.

　　The global Internet governance system has entered a critical period, and building a community of cyberspace destiny has increasingly become a broad consensus of the international community.

　　— — On December 3, 2017, the Supreme Leader sent a congratulatory letter to the Fourth world internet conference.

　　2. Talking about building a network power: we must have our own technology and excellent technology.

　　Strive to build China into a network power

　　We should proceed from the international and domestic general trend, make overall arrangements, coordinate all parties, innovate and develop, and strive to build China into a network power.

　　— — On February 27, 2014, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the First Meeting of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Leading Group

　　We should have our own technology, information services, infrastructure and talent team.

　　To build a network power, we must have our own technology and excellent technology; There must be rich and comprehensive information services and a prosperous and developed network culture; It is necessary to have a good information infrastructure and form a strong information economy; There must be a high-quality network security and information talent team; We should actively carry out bilateral and multilateral international exchanges and cooperation on the Internet.

　　— — On February 27, 2014, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the First Meeting of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Leading Group

　　We should gather talents from all over the world and use them.

　　As I said, if we want to develop our cause well, we must gather talents from all over the world and use them.

　　Without an excellent talent team, creativity and vitality, it is difficult to build a powerful network country. Only by studying the classics of talents can we get twice the result with half the effort.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　3. Talking about cyberspace: Grasp the timeliness and effectiveness of public opinion guidance.

　　Grasp the timeliness and effectiveness of online public opinion guidance

　　It is a long-term task to do a good job in online public opinion. We should innovate and improve online publicity, use the law of online communication, carry forward the main theme, stimulate positive energy, vigorously cultivate and practice socialist core values, grasp the time, degree and effect of online public opinion guidance, and make cyberspace clear.

　　— — On February 27, 2014, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the First Meeting of the Central Cyber Security and Informatization Leading Group

　　Leading cadres should learn to follow the mass line through the internet.

　　Netizens come from ordinary people, and when ordinary people go online, public opinion goes online. Where the masses are, our leading cadres will go, otherwise how can we contact the masses? Party and government organs and leading cadres at all levels should learn to follow the mass line through the Internet, often surf the Internet, dive, chat and make noises, understand what the masses think and wish, collect good ideas and suggestions, and actively respond to netizens’ concerns and doubts.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　Concentric circles should be formed online and offline.

　　In order to achieve our goal, concentric circles should be formed online and offline. What are concentric circles? It is under the leadership of the Party that people of all ethnic groups throughout the country are mobilized, and the enthusiasm of all parties is mobilized to work together to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　Create a clear cyberspace

　　Strengthen the construction of Internet content, establish a comprehensive network governance system, and create a clear cyberspace.

　　— — On October 18, 2017, the Supreme Leader, on behalf of the 18th Central Committee, delivered a report to the 19th Congress of the Communist Party of China.

　　4. Talking about network security: the core technology of the Internet is our biggest "life gate".

　　Security and development should be promoted simultaneously.

　　Network security and informatization complement each other. Security is the premise of development, development is the guarantee of security, and security and development should be promoted simultaneously.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　To ensure Internet security and national security, we must break through the difficult problem of core technology.

　　The core technology of the Internet is our biggest "life gate", and the core technology is subject to people, which is our biggest hidden danger.

　　If we want to master the initiative of China’s Internet development, and ensure Internet security and national security, we must break through the difficult problem of core technology and strive to achieve "overtaking in corners" in some fields and aspects.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　Maintaining network security is the common responsibility of the whole society.

　　Network security is for the people, and network security depends on the people. Maintaining network security is the common responsibility of the whole society, which requires the joint participation of the government, enterprises, social organizations and the majority of netizens to build a network security defense line.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　5. Talking about informatization: Let hundreds of millions of people have more sense of gain in sharing the fruits of Internet development.

　　Promote the in-depth integration of informatization and industrialization

　　Facing the trend of informationization, only by actively seizing the commanding heights can we win the development opportunities. To promote the in-depth integration of informatization and industrialization, we must use more brains and practical measures in informatization.

　　— — On June 17, 2015, the Supreme Leader stressed during his investigation in Guizhou.

　　Open up the information "artery" of economic and social development

　　We should strengthen the construction of information infrastructure, strengthen the deep integration of information resources, and open up the information "artery" of economic and social development.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　Provide useful, affordable and well-used information services for ordinary people.

　　It is necessary to adapt to the people’s expectations and needs, speed up the popularization of information services, reduce the application cost, provide useful, affordable and well-used information services for the people, and let hundreds of millions of people have more sense of sharing the fruits of Internet development.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　On November 16th, 2016, the 3rd world internet conference opened in Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province. The Supreme Leader delivered a speech by video at the opening ceremony. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Duo photo

　　6. Talk about global Internet governance: work together to build a community of cyberspace destiny.

　　Internet poses new challenges to national sovereign interests.

　　The Internet has truly turned the world into a global village and made the international community more and more a community of destiny with you and me. At the same time, the development of the Internet poses new challenges to national sovereignty, security and development interests, and it is urgent for the international community to seriously respond, seek common governance and achieve a win-win situation.

　　— — On November 19th, 2014, the Supreme Leader sent a congratulatory message to the first world internet conference.

　　Promote the reform of the global Internet governance system

　　On the basis of mutual respect and trust, the international community should strengthen dialogue and cooperation, promote the reform of the global Internet governance system, jointly build a peaceful, secure, open and cooperative cyberspace, and establish a multilateral, democratic and transparent global Internet governance system.

　　— — Speech by the Supreme Leader at the Opening Ceremony of the Second world internet conference on December 16, 2015.

　　To make good use of, develop and manage the Internet, we must deepen international cooperation in cyberspace.

　　The development of the Internet is borderless and borderless. To make good use of, develop and manage the Internet, we must deepen international cooperation in cyberspace and work together to build a community of cyberspace destiny.

　　— — On November 16, 2016, the Supreme Leader made a video speech at the opening ceremony of the third world internet conference.

　　Everyone’s business is discussed and handled by everyone.

　　We advocate the "four principles" and "five-point proposition" in the hope that together with the international community, we will respect network sovereignty and carry forward the spirit of partnership, and we will discuss and handle our own affairs, so as to achieve common development, common security maintenance, common governance participation and shared achievements.

　　— — On December 3, 2017, the Supreme Leader sent a congratulatory letter to the Fourth world internet conference.

　　Source: People’s Daily client, finishing: Li Jianguang, Yue Xiaoqiao, Song Jingsi

　　Editor of this issue: Tian Feng and Shi Lei.

Original clove doctor　

A surprise inspection!

Did you have a good drink of water today?

Or are you feeling thirsty

My throat is as dry as the Sahara desert.

Under normal circumstances, adult women only need to consume 1.1 ~ 1.5 liters of water a day, and adult men only need to consume 1.2 ~ 1.9 liters of water to meet their needs (including water in drinks and food).

But! Some people need more water than this.

Image source: cover expression pack

If you eat something at ordinary times, you must have a drink.

Otherwise, it’s too dry to swallow

When sleeping at night

I’m so thirsty that I may even cough

Need to get out of bed for tons of irrigation three times and two times.

Crucially:

I also drank a lot of water, but I just couldn’t quench my thirst!

Don’t be nervous yet ~ Thirst is a normal physiological reaction of human beings. In the short term, it may be that the weather is too hot, eating too salty, and just experienced strenuous exercise.

But if you continue to feel dry mouth and have some other accompanying symptoms, be careful!

This may be a signal from some diseases: your body has several potential health problems that need to be vigilant.

Image source: Station Cool Hailuo

01

Thyroid diseases

Patients with hyperthyroidism have increased thyroid hormone secretion, accelerated basal metabolic rate and significantly increased oxygen consumption. In addition, the heat production of the body increases, the heat dissipation accelerates, and the demand for water will increase accordingly.

Make your mouth thirsty, become a buffalo, and drink more water than usual.

Hyperthyroidism patients may also be accompanied by increased heart rate, palpitation, shaking hands, diarrhea, more sweating in hands, less hair loss, etc., but the most obvious manifestation may be the thickening of the neck.

In addition, people who used to be nice have suddenly exploded like a runaway scooter recently.

I also feel that I am always upset, insomnia and anxiety, and my brain often has a party late at night, making it difficult to sleep.

In the above situation, it is best to go to the endocrinology department in time and make an appointment for thyroid function determination and ultrasound examination.

Image source: Station Cool Hailuo

02

sicca syndrome

This is a common rheumatic disease, and the common clinical manifestation is dry mouth for more than 3 months.

Say a word and eat a solid food, you need to drink water. Eyes will feel very dry, like entering the sand.

Different from "dry eye", it is an eye disease, which is caused by insufficient tear secretion or excessive evaporation. Sjogren’s syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease.

Let’s just say it’s because your own immune organization mistakenly attacked salivary glands, lacrimal glands and other glands. These glands responsible for producing water are destroyed and the water secretion is reduced, so you feel dry mouth and eyes.

The data show that the probability of Sjogren’s syndrome patients suffering from malignant lymphoma is nearly 40 times higher than that of ordinary people. It may also affect other multiple systems of your body and have corresponding clinical manifestations:

Involving the skin, it can be manifested as itching and desquamation of the skin;

Involved in the respiratory tract, dry cough and dyspnea may occur;

Involvement of digestive system may be accompanied by abdominal distension and diarrhea;

Involving the nervous system, limb numbness and weakness, orthostatic hypotension, hyperhidrosis, hypohidrosis or anhidrosis of limb skin, memory and attention loss may occur.

There may also be systemic symptoms such as fatigue and low fever, and a few cases will show high fever, even high fever above 39℃.

Sjogren’s syndrome is generally recommended to go to the Rheumatology Immunology Department for investigation. If there is no such department, you can go to the General Internal Medicine Department for a look.

Image source: Station Cool Hailuo

03

Diabetes, poor blood sugar control

In addition to often feeling thirsty, I am particularly hungry; Frequent urination-the number of times to pee in the toilet has increased, and the amount of urination has also increased; Weight is also lost for no reason, accompanied by a sense of fatigue that is difficult to relieve.

Please pay attention to your blood sugar level! This may be the typical symptoms of diabetes: drinking more, eating more, urinating more and losing weight.

When blood sugar rises, there will be osmotic diuresis, which will lead to the reduction of water reabsorption by the kidney, and a large amount of water will be discharged from the kidney, thus making the urine volume increase abnormally. Therefore, the body is short of water, and then it feels thirsty and unconsciously wants to drink more water, which further leads to an increase in urine output and a vicious circle.

Diabetes is very common, with 11 patients in every 100 people, and most of them can’t be cured. Once they get it, they need lifelong treatment.

If you want to know your blood sugar health as soon as possible, you can go to the endocrinology department.

Image source: Station Cool Hailuo

04

sleep apnea syndrome

After waking up in the morning, I often feel that my throat is terribly dry. Don’t ignore it. Looking back, do you still snore when you sleep?

Some people are dry, while others are dry because Lao Zhang snored with his mouth open the night before.

This is not a rap or joke, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA), but also a large group of patients with dry mouth.

TA people may snore and snore when they sleep, and their breathing pauses for several seconds before they recover. Classic clinical manifestations also include: feeling suffocated when sleeping, thirsty after waking up, dizziness and headache, drowsiness during the day, and difficulty in concentration …

In contrast, dry mouth is just a minor problem.

Studies have found that it is also related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (such as stroke), metabolic diseases and other multi-system damage. The probability of traffic accidents in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is 250% higher than that in the general population.

Image source: Station Cool Hailuo

05

diabetes insipidus

This is a relatively rare disease.

Let’s just say that we ordinary people can’t maintain normal urine output without a substance called "antidiuretic hormone". It is synthesized by the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland, working silently for us.

If this mechanism is obstructed and antidiuretic hormone is deficient, it will fall into a state of "storage failure"; Or the kidney is not sensitive to this hormone, which will make you dry mouth and urinate easily, and may also excrete a lot of innocent urine.

Generally speaking, normal adults excrete about 1 ~ 2 liters of urine a day, that is, 4 ~ 6 times of urine.

If you urinate more than 4 liters in 24 hours and urinate significantly more than 6 times, and this situation lasts for more than half a month, be alert to the possibility of diabetes insipidus.

If you are really worried, you can go to the endocrinology department or nephrology department for treatment.

Image source: Station Cool Hailuo

To sum up, whether you want to see a doctor about dry mouth mainly depends on whether it lasts for more than 3 months and has affected your daily life.

If so, remember to actively seek medical treatment and check the risk of disease. Don’t delay! Don’t delay! Don’t delay! Say the important things three times.

As for friends who are usually fine and suddenly feel itchy and have a dry mouth when they see here … Don’t panic, I advise you to drink some water first. You may simply drink less water!

Image source: emoticon pack

Or, you have thoroughly investigated the possible pathological factors, and still feel dry mouth often, and don’t fall into the "hypochondriac trap". There is also a simple answer: you need to consume more water than others, so don’t worry too much.

Admit that some "problems" are like myopia. Although it is difficult to eradicate, we can still learn to live in peace with them.

This article review expert

references

[1] Yamada Y, Zhang X, Henderson MET, Sagayama H, Pontzer H, et al. Variation in human water turnover associated with environmental and lifestyle factors. Science. 2022 Nov 25; 378(6622):909-915.

Ge Junbo, Xu Yongjian, Wang Chen. Internal Medicine [M]. 9th edition. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2018: 829-832.

Plan and make

Planning: V | Producer: Feidi

Cover image Source: Network

Original title: "Often dry mouth, don’t think that there is water shortage! May be a sign of disease "

Read the original text

"If you don’t pay attention, you will lose two points. Now you should be more cautious!" Wang Peng (a pseudonym), a young doctor from Chongqing Southwest Hospital, said regretfully in front of reporters on December 6. He was the first participant in the third training course of "driver’s license" management doctors’ rational drug use in the country. Because he was scored 6 points, he was stopped from studying prescription rights for a week.

The reporter learned from the hospital that there are 34 doctors from 11 departments studying with Wang Peng. Although some doctors feel wronged, most of them think that "it is necessary to return to the furnace." In fact, since the implementation of the "driver’s license" management of rational drug use, the hospital has been warned by 760 person-times, one person has revoked the prescription right, 75 people have been suspended from attending training courses, and three department directors have admonished and talked. The "scorecard" is directly linked to the term evaluation, professional title promotion and year-end rewards and punishments of doctors.

"driver’s license" to manage doctors’ rational drug use

In order to make doctors more cautious in prescribing drugs, Chongqing Southwest Hospital pioneered the "driver’s license" system to manage doctors’ rational drug use in the country. A doctor’s prescription right is just like a driver’s license. If a scoring system is implemented, doctors who use drugs unreasonably will be penalized. Once they are deducted 12 points, they may be punished by demotion, suspension and so on.

Zhang Hongyan, deputy director of the Medical Education Department of Southwest Hospital, told the reporter that in recent years, the hospital has taken the lead in giving quantitative scoring management to the personal medication of the prescribers in the hospital with the help of information technology. Each doctor has only 12 points. According to the degree of unreasonable drug use by doctors, the deduction standard is divided into Class I, Class II and Class III errors. "In the whole hospital, no one enjoys the privilege. From the third-level old experts and professors to the general attending doctors, there is a standard." He said.

The reporter saw in the hospital that the deduction standard of the doctor’s personal scorecard for rational drug use is very detailed: 0.5 points are deducted for a class of mistakes, mainly including irregular prescription writing, course of treatment that does not meet the general regulations, etc. Deduct 1 point for class II errors, including inappropriate usage and dosage, long course of treatment, etc. Deduct 2 points for three kinds of mistakes, mainly referring to unconventional drug use, such as prescribing a single prescription with an amount of more than 1,500 yuan without justifiable reasons. The punishment is also divided into three levels: the first-level deduction is below 6 points. The hospital will send a text message to remind the doctor and inform the department director; The second-level deduction is over 6 points. Doctors will suspend prescription rights for one week, attend training courses on rational drug use at their own expense, and only after passing the examination can prescription rights be restored; 12 points will be deducted at the third level. Doctors will be demoted, suspended, etc.

"The adverse reactions caused by drug use are undoubtedly a risk for patients, and irrational drug use has increased this risk, all over the world." Guo Jiwei, president of Southwest Hospital, said that the purpose of using such a strict system to control doctors’ medication is simple, that is, to make doctors use drugs more rationally.

The cost of medicine per outpatient is greatly reduced.

"It’s nothing to spend a few hundred dollars in some slightly larger hospitals, most of which are tens of thousands of dollars. Who dares to go to the hospital casually!" When the reporter interviewed randomly on the street, many citizens expressed similar views to the reporter. Undoubtedly, the root of the contradiction between doctors and patients is mostly caused by the large prescription medical expenses prescribed by doctors.

According to the data disclosed by the first China Medical Rule of Law Forum, there were 115,000 medical disputes in China in 2014, and many hot topics of public opinion are the reflection of the increasingly complex relationship between doctors and patients in real life. With the development of commercial society, the doctor-patient relationship has changed from "life entrustment" to "money transaction", and the contradiction between doctors and patients has also become prominent. According to the statistics of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, before 2014, the number of medical injuries in China showed an increasing trend year by year.

Some experts pointed out: "Pursuing the maximization of benefits, doctors act as a bridge between patients and pharmaceutical companies, and large prescriptions and multi-course treatment programs make patients miserable, which has become a major source of contradictions between doctors and patients." The "driver’s license" management medication system initiated by Chongqing Southwest Hospital seems to provide an effective prescription for easing the tense doctor-patient relationship.

It is understood that "driver’s license" management is not only a penalty deduction, but also a comprehensive control effect through training and assessment, simulation test, early warning and monitoring, real-time control and interaction management. Zhang Hongyan introduced that the prescriptions prescribed by doctors are monitored in real time. As long as there is a suspected unreasonable prescription, the system will display it to assist professional pharmacists to judge after reading it. Doctors who are not convinced will be judged by experts in the hospital.

According to Lu Changwei, head of the medical department of the medical education department of the hospital, after the implementation of the system, the drug cost per outpatient has dropped from 288 yuan per capita in 2013 to 256 yuan per capita at present; The cost of medicine per inpatient has dropped from about 9,600 yuan per capita in 2013 to about 6,500 yuan at present.

Step on the "emergency brake" for irrational drug use

Excessive medical treatment runs counter to the direction of medical reform and even weakens the fair effect of medical reform. According to industry insiders, this system can "slam the brakes" on irrational drug use, which is very necessary for the current public hospitals. A professor at Chongqing University told the reporter: "The reason for irrational drug use behavior is not only profit-driven, but also the lack of drug knowledge and the lack of correct drug use habits. Under the mechanism of supplementing medicine with medicine, doctors have developed many wrong medication habits, and even without economic incentives, they will prescribe medicine according to old habits. The deduction system can push the doctor’s medication behavior to the standardized track in a short period of time. "

Experts pointed out that the "driver’s license" rational drug use system can largely cut off the bridge role of doctors between patients and pharmaceutical companies, on the one hand, standardize the treatment behavior of doctors; On the other hand, it also reduces the financial burden and extra physical burden of patients, which is a great help to solve the contradiction between doctors and patients.

The reporter’s investigation found that since the implementation of the "driver’s license" rational drug use system, most citizens have supported it. They generally feel that the system can curb doctors’ behavior of obtaining benefits from patients in disguise and losing medical ethics, and at the same time, it can promote the standardized operation of the whole medical industry. However, some doctors worry that the implementation of this system will bring some troubles to doctors.

Dr. Zhang from a 3A hospital in Chongqing said: "Doctors have to take self-protection measures for fear of falling into endless medical liability disputes when treating patients’ diseases. That is to say, the pursuit of’ what can be checked or not must be checked’,’ one or two courses of medicine can be cured and three courses of medicine can be opened’, and’ large prescriptions can be cured’ is to avoid unnecessary risks. " In his view, it should not be possible to improve the responsibility identification mechanism for medical disputes between doctors and patients, otherwise the "driver’s license" medication system may make doctors feel at a loss.

Kobayashi Pharmaceutical, once "snapped up" by consumers in China, was caught in a storm of illness and death caused by health care products.

On the evening of March 27th, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical (China) Co., Ltd. issued a statement to assist Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. to recall the products related to the use of red bream raw materials independently, saying that according to the announcement of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., this independent recall involved three products, none of which were listed and sold in Chinese mainland market. Some consumers in China have purchased related products through overseas cross-border platforms, overseas physical stores or other channels, and our company will actively provide assistance in product recycling.

"For products purchased from cross-border official channels, assist Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. to recycle through UNQ Japan Co., Ltd.. For other consumers, it is recommended to contact the original purchase channel to return the goods. If we encounter problems and difficulties in this process, our company will actively assist and properly solve related matters from the perspective of facilitating consumers. " The statement said that the company had notified the relevant cross-border platforms on March 22, 2024, requesting them to take off the relevant products urgently, and informed all consumers to stop eating immediately as soon as possible. We will continue to inform you many times through Want Want, SMS and other channels to ensure that the information can reach every consumer. For other known platforms with related products for sale, we are contacting the platforms one by one to request that the related products be immediately removed from the shelves and that the platforms inform all consumers to stop eating immediately as soon as possible.

According to CCTV news, NHK reported that the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare announced the second death case after ingesting health products containing red koji from Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company on March 26th, and the number of people admitted to hospital has increased to 106.

According to Japanese media reports on March 27th, local time, the Osaka city government of Japan ordered Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company to recall three kinds of products, such as "red yeast cholesterol granules", because the above products received a large number of reports of health damage and death, and the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare thought that "it was suspected to contain harmful substances". The monascus involved was produced by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Osaka Factory, and the company said that it may be different from the expected ingredients from mold that caused the problem.

Prior to this, on March 24th, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical China issued a recall notice to consumers of China e-commerce platform, saying that some affected products were sold to Chinese mainland through cross-border channels, and consumers could return them and get a refund. At that time, in the notice, only one item involved in the product was mentioned.

On March 27th, the reporter contacted the customer service center of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical in China as a consumer. The customer service staff said that only one product in China was added with monascus ingredients, and other products were not. Regarding the safety of health care products containing monascus ingredients, the customer service staff said: "The reply given by our agency is that we have not confirmed whether it is directly related to kidney disease at present." If consumers are worried about health risks, it is recommended to have a kidney examination on blood, and the inspection fee will be reimbursed by the company.

If there is something wrong with the kidney, can it be judged that it is related to the product? The above-mentioned customer service staff said that it depends on the doctor’s judgment. "There must be a problem if it has not been confirmed yet, so the company can’t give a reply for the time being saying that there must be a problem, or there must be no problem."

It is worth noting that there are also domestic health care products companies and pharmaceutical companies that own products containing "red yeast".

On March 27th, Luye Pharmaceutical (2186.HK) told The Paper that the raw material of the red yeast used in Xuezhikang Capsule is a special red yeast produced by Peking University Weixin Biotechnology Co., Ltd., which has independent intellectual property rights and has nothing to do with the raw materials used by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical.

Kobayashi Pharmaceutical was asked to recall three products in Japan. What is "red koji"?

The pathogenic and fatal storm of health care products containing monascus ingredients has been fermented for many days.

On March 22, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical announced that some consumers have recently developed kidney diseases after using the health products containing monascus ingredients produced by the company. Subsequently, Japanese food and alcohol manufacturers also announced the recycling of products related to red koji produced by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical.

On March 25th, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. of Japan announced that 33 people had developed kidney diseases and other abnormal health conditions after taking the health products containing monascus, and 26 of them had been hospitalized.

On March 26th, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company of Japan announced that a person who might continue to take health products containing monascus for about 3 years died of kidney disease in February. Taking this product is suspected to have a causal relationship with death. An investigation has been launched and people are urged not to use the product for the time being. Also on March 26th, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare held a three-hour hearing on Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. on the issue that the raw materials of red yeast rice may cause damage to consumers’ health.

Japanese regulatory authorities have taken measures against Kobayashi Pharmaceutical related products. According to CCTV news, citing Japan’s current affairs news agency, Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has informed relevant departments in Osaka City where Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company is headquartered to take measures such as discarding the company’s related products based on the Food Sanitation Law.

According to Japanese media reports on March 27th, local time, the Osaka municipal government of Japan ordered Kobayashi Pharmaceutical to recall three products, including "red yeast cholesterol granules". In addition, Kobayashi Pharmaceuticals of Japan has withdrawn eight kinds of monascus health products from the Japanese Consumer Hall as functional label foods for the record, including three recalled products.

According to Japanese media reports, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical also announced that "Monascus" raw materials are also supplied to 52 companies including beverage and food manufacturers. Among the "red koji" raw materials produced, 20% are used for their own products, and 80% are sold to other enterprises. According to Japanese media reports, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical has supplied raw materials of monascus to other manufacturers through trading companies since 2016, and has been used in Japanese wine and snacks. The suppliers also include enterprises in Taiwan, China.

According to CCTV news, as of the evening of 26th local time, 30 companies, including Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company, have announced that they have independently recycled the products of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Company’s monascus raw materials. Some consumers said that this raw material was also used in many foods, even in miso sauce. According to Japanese media reports, relevant Japanese departments will conduct emergency inspections on the safety of more than 6,000 functional foods on the market.

What is the monascus ingredient in the above health care products that may harm health?

According to an article published on February 29th, 2024 by WeChat WeChat official account "Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine" sponsored by Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the traditional Chinese medicine monascus is a kind of rice koji fermented by monascus, which can be used as medicine and food. It was called Danqu in ancient times, originated in China, and has been used for more than two thousand years, and has been popularized among the people as early as the Han Dynasty. Monascus, as a microbial fermented product, can not only be used as a natural non-toxic food pigment, but also be used for antibacterial and antiseptic of meat, fish, beans and other foods. Monascus is also rich in wine fragrance, which is a good raw material for brewing vinegar.

As for the medicinal value of monascus, the above article mentioned that in the late 1970s, Japanese scientists discovered and isolated a chemical component named K(Monacolin K from monascus fermentation broth, and found that it could significantly inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the body. Monascus contains not only monacolin compounds, but also ergosterol, bioflavonoids, saponins, dietary fiber, aminoglycans and other rich physiologically active substances, which have a wide range of pharmacological effects such as lowering blood fat, lowering blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, inhibiting bacteria, resisting tumors and enhancing immunity. Flavonoids, a natural antioxidant in monascus, can protect the liver.

It should be noted that Kobayashi Pharmaceutical once said that after analyzing the components of monascus health products, it was found that some monascus raw materials may contain unknown components beyond the company’s grasp. According to this statement, it is not the monascus itself that causes patients to be admitted to hospital or die, but other unknown ingredients in the raw materials of monascus. Luye Pharmaceutical also mentioned in its response that ordinary monascus is a traditional fermented product, and the differences in strain quality, production technology and quality control management lead to different product quality and safety results.

Gu Zhongyi, director of Beijing Dietitians Association and master of public health in Tsinghua University, said that there is an active ingredient lovastatin in monascus, which can reduce the level of cholesterol in blood, but the specific dosage and effect need to be said separately. Controversially, there will be a secondary metabolite citrinin in the late fermentation of monascus, which has kidney and liver toxicity. Therefore, China has specific requirements for monascus-related products.

Gu Zhongyi stressed that if you buy health food to reduce blood fat, consult a professional or do enough homework according to your own needs, you’d better consult your doctor Yamatonokusushi first. Be sure to read the label information on the product package carefully, especially if it is not clearly marked in Chinese, be sure to consult it before eating. After using any new health food, it is best to record your feelings and symptoms, and stop consulting a doctor immediately if you feel unwell.

Kobayashi Pharmaceutical China recalled a health product containing monascus, and the company said that it could reimburse the inspection fee.

Are health products that may cause kidney disease and even death sold in China?

On March 24th, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical China issued the Notice on Stopping the Use of Red Stork Cholesterol Granules and Self-recall, saying that the company had received some reports that red Stork Cholesterol Granules, a health food manufactured and sold in Japan, might cause kidney diseases after eating it. In view of this situation, we analyzed the composition of this product and its raw materials (manufactured by Zishe), and found that some raw materials may contain unexpected ingredients. Some of the affected products are sold to Chinese mainland through cross-border channels.

Product source mentioned in Kobayashi Pharmaceutical’s China recall notice: Kobayashi Pharmaceutical China official WeChat official account.

"If you have eaten the above products and feel unwell, please consult the customer service center. At the same time, if you hold this product, please contact the customer service center, and we will explain the return and refund methods to you. " China, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical, said that if you have red herring cholesterol granules (60 capsules, barcode 4987072059708), please stop eating.

The above recall notice is for consumers of Tmall Kobayashi’s overseas flagship store, Pinduoduo’s official overseas flagship store and Kobayashi’s overseas direct sales store in JD.COM. On March 27th, a reporter from The Paper searched on the e-commerce platform. Only Tmall could find "Kobayashi’s overseas flagship store", and no health products related to monascus were on sale. However, "Pinduoduo’s official overseas flagship store" and "Kobayashi’s overseas JD.COM direct store" could not be found in Pinduoduo and JD.COM.

China of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical said, "We recognize that this is a serious problem and will continue to investigate.". However, the specific properties of this component and its correlation with kidney diseases have not yet been determined. For the purpose of protecting consumers’ health, we decided to recall the related products of red carp raw materials independently.

On March 27th, the reporter contacted the customer service center of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical in China as a consumer. The customer service staff first asked whether the user had drowsiness, turbid urine and difficulty in urination after purchasing and using this drug. After receiving the reply of "not at present", the customer service staff stressed that "the reply given by our agency is that we have not confirmed whether it is directly related to kidney disease at present". If the consumer is worried about health risks, it is suggested to have a kidney examination on blood, and the company will be responsible for reimbursement of the examination fees.

If there is a kidney problem, can it be judged that the kidney problem is related to the product? The above-mentioned customer service staff said that it depends on the doctor’s judgment. "There must be a problem if it has not been confirmed yet, so the company can’t give a reply for the time being saying that there must be a problem, or there must be no problem."

Kobayashi pharmaceutical products have been "snapped up" by consumers in China.

Kobayashi Pharmaceutical was established in Japan in 1998. Although the company name contains the word "pharmaceutical", it is not a pharmaceutical enterprise in the usual sense. According to official data, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical provides a variety of products in the fields of pharmaceuticals, fragrances, health care products and daily necessities.

Around 2015, Kobayashi’s products in Japan became the target of Japanese tourists’ "buying" in Japan, and the post "You must buy 12 kinds of magic drugs when you go to China" circulated on social networking sites included many products owned by Kobayashi. According to The Paper’s previous report, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical gave people the impression that it was developing the daily necessities production of unique commodities in a Niche Market. Kobayashi Pharmaceutical was rated as an "inbound consumer brand" by the Japanese capital market, and the company’s share price also rose. In 2015, the annual growth rate of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical’s share price reached 40%.

Japanese media reported that the recalled red carp cholesterol granules are said to have the effect of reducing harmful cholesterol values, with annual sales of 600 million yen. The recalled products have been sold in pharmacies in Japan since 2021, with a cumulative sales volume of nearly 1.1 million copies.

Under the influence of the recent turmoil, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical’s share price plummeted, closing down 16.51% on 25th, slightly rising on 26th and closing down 3.83% on 27th.

Part of the products sold by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical in China Source: official website screenshot

In China, Kobayashi’s activities can also be traced back to 1998: Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai Friendship Group and Benfeng Development Co., Ltd. of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region established Shanghai Kobayashi in Minhang, Shanghai. Official website data show that in 1999, the company began to produce and sell domestic colloidal aromatic products. In 2002, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. of Japan acquired the shares of Shanghai Friendship Group and Benfeng Development Co., Ltd. of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, established a wholly-owned company, and changed its name to "Shanghai Kobayashi Daily Chemical Co., Ltd.". In 2023, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical China absorbed and merged with Shanghai Kobayashi Daily Chemical.

According to Tianyancha App, Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. has invested in three companies in Chinese mainland, including Kobayashi Pharmaceutical (China) Co., Ltd., Hefei Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Trading Co., Ltd., among which the first two companies are still in existence. Kobayashi Pharmaceutical (China) Co., Ltd. invested in Hefei Kobayashi Commodity Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Kobayashi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and set up branches in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou.

By category, the products currently sold by Kobayashi Pharmaceutical in China include warm stickers, antipyretic stickers, deodorant, personal care, cleaning products, oral care, disinfectants and so on.

Clarification of domestic drugs and health products: the use of red yeast in products has nothing to do with Kobayashi Pharmaceutical.

It is not a company of Kobayashi Pharmaceutical to use monascus for health care products. The reporter found through wind search that many health care products or pharmaceutical companies such as Tomson Bianjian, Qidi Pharmaceutical, Shouxian Valley and Luye Pharmaceutical have "monascus" related products.

Qidi Pharmaceutical (000590) mentioned in the reply in January 2024 that the registered health food of the company for delaying aging includes red koji soybean isoflavone tablets; At the end of 2023, Shouxiangu (603896) announced that its wholly-owned subsidiary Jinhua Shouxiangu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. had completed the registration of domestic health food. Chenguang Bio (300138) mentioned in the semi-annual report of 2023 that the company has the health food registration approval certificate of Caizhiyuan Ginkgo biloba red yeast capsule.

In addition to health care products, there are also pharmaceutical companies involved in monascus-related business. Qianyuan Pharmaceutical has the patent of "a red yeast fermentation device", the application date is April 22, 2022, and the validity period is 10 years.

Xuezhikang of Lvye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is made from red yeast rice and used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Regarding the safety of the monascus ingredients in Xuezhikang, Luye Pharmaceutical emphasized that compared with ordinary monascus, Xuezhikang’s raw materials are strictly screened monascus strains, and the production process is strictly controlled. The company conducts regular monitoring according to the requirements of regulatory laws and regulations, and all testing indicators meet the relevant national drug safety management standards, and no unqualified conditions are found. Xuezhikang capsule has been approved for marketing since 1995. A large number of safety research evidences and clinical application data in the past 30 years have fully proved its effectiveness and safety, and the company will continue to carry out safety research, monitoring and analysis of Xuezhikang products. Patients can safely use this product under the guidance of a doctor.